海上油田毛细管测压电泵井产量在线计量方法与应用
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摘要
针对海上油井地理位置分散、单井测试成本高等问题,为了及时掌握油井产量变化趋势、提高海上油井生产管理水平、实现海上油田智能化生产管理,开展了海上油田毛细管测压电泵井产量在线计量方法研究。从井下电泵输入功率与井下电机输出功率相等这一能量守恒原理出发,同时考虑电机参数变化的影响,结合井筒多相流计算方法与实测流量校正方法,建立了毛细管测压电泵井产量在线计算数学模型,并研究了其求解方法。现场应用表明,结合定期的实测流量校正,本方法的计算结果与实测结果吻合较好,最大相对误差小于5%。本文所建立的方法能实现电泵井产量在线计量、实时反映油井生产趋势。采用该技术能显著降低海上油田生产成本,对于提高海上电泵井生产管理水平具有重要意义。
Offshore oil wells are geographically dispersed, and their single-well testing cost is high. In this paper, therefore, an online production metering method for offshore electric pump wells with capillary piezometry was studied in order to grasp the production change trend of oil wells in time, improve the production management level of offshore oil wells and realize the intelligent production management of offshore oilfields. According to the principle of conservation of energy that the input power of downhole electric pump is equal to the output power of downhole motor, the mathematical model for the on-line production calculation of electric pump wells with capillary piezometry was established in consideration of the influence of the change of motor parameters, combined with the borehole multiphase flow calculation method and the flow rate measurement correction method. In addition, its solution method was researched.Field application indicates that combined with the periodic correction on measured flow rate, the calculation result of this method is better coincident with the measured result with the maximum relative error less than 5%. By virtue of the method established in this paper,on-line production metering of electric pump wells can be realized, and their production trend can be reflected in time. In conclusion,this technology can reduce the operation cost of offshore oilfields significantly, and is of great significance to improve the production management level of offshore electric pump wells.
Offshore oil wells are geographically dispersed, and their single-well testing cost is high. In this paper, therefore, an online production metering method for offshore electric pump wells with capillary piezometry was studied in order to grasp the production change trend of oil wells in time, improve the production management level of offshore oil wells and realize the intelligent production management of offshore oilfields. According to the principle of conservation of energy that the input power of downhole electric pump is equal to the output power of downhole motor, the mathematical model for the on-line production calculation of electric pump wells with capillary piezometry was established in consideration of the influence of the change of motor parameters, combined with the borehole multiphase flow calculation method and the flow rate measurement correction method. In addition, its solution method was researched.Field application indicates that combined with the periodic correction on measured flow rate, the calculation result of this method is better coincident with the measured result with the maximum relative error less than 5%. By virtue of the method established in this paper,on-line production metering of electric pump wells can be realized, and their production trend can be reflected in time. In conclusion,this technology can reduce the operation cost of offshore oilfields significantly, and is of great significance to improve the production management level of offshore electric pump wells.
引文
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[9]王珏,李清平,王凯,姚海元.水下油气田虚拟计量技术应用[J].舰船科学技术,2013,35(9):118-122.WANG Jue,LI Qingping,WANG Kai,YAO Haiyuan.Virtual metering technology for subsea fields[J].Ship Science and Technology,2013,35(9):118-122.
[10]周大通,林东龙,戴倚霞,侯新然,李哲.大数据技术将引领油气行业变革[J].石油科技论坛,2016,35(5):45-50.ZHOU Datong,LIN Donglong,DAI Yixia,HOU Xinran,LI Zhe.Big data technology leads oil and gas industrial reform[J].Oil Forum,2016,35(5):45-50.
[11]刘蜀知,孙艾茵,李达,关欣,孟凡龙.苏里格低渗气田压裂井拟稳态期产量预测方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(6):65-68.LIU Shuzhi,SUN Aiyin,LI Da,GUAN Xin,MENGFanlong.Production prediction method for pseudo steady period of fractured well in low-permeability Sulige Gas Field[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(6):65-68.
[12]张鹏,党瑞荣.毛细管油井测压的理论研究[J].石油仪器,2008,22(2):22-23.ZHANG Peng,DANG Ruirong.Study on capillary pressure measurement in oil wells[J].Petroleum Instruments,2008,22(2):22-23.
[13]陈辰,廖细明,褚万泉,祁芳芳.电泵井永置式监测技术与应用[J].石油仪器,2010,24(2):28-30.CHEN Chen,LIAO Ximing,CHU Wanquan,QIFangfang.Permanent downhole monitoring technology i n e l e c t r i c a l p u m p w e l l s[J].P e t r o l e u m Instruments,2010,24(2):28-30.
[14]葛丽萍,耿昌浩.潜油电泵井下监测数据在埕海油田的应用效果分析[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013(7):105,224.GE Liping,GENG Changhao.Application effect analysis of downhole monitoring data of ESP well in Chenghai Oilfield[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2013(7):105,224.
[15]古小红,韩国庆,竺彪.基于井口憋压分析的电泵井工况诊断[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(4):514-518.GU Xiaohong,HAN Guoqing,ZHU Biao.Working condiciton diagnosis of ESP well based on wellhead pressure-out analysis[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(4):514-518.
[16]郑春峰,郝晓军,黄新春,谷丽红.憋压诊断技术在渤海Q油田潜油电泵井管理中的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(增刊):59-62.ZHENG Chunfeng,HAO Xiaojun,HUANG Xinchun,GU Lihong.Application of holding pressure diagnosis techniques in management of submersible electric pump well in Bohai Q Oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(S0):59-62.
[17]黄新春,郑春峰,李昂,苏作飞.QHD32-6油田电泵机组故障预测方法及其现场应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(1):116-119.HUANG Xinchun,ZHENG Chunfeng,LI Ang,SUZuofei.Fault prediction method and field application of QHD32-6 oilfield electric pump unit[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(1):116-119.
[18]CAMILLERI L,EL G M,RUSAKOV A.Providing accurate ESP flow rate measurement in the absence of a test separator[R].SPE 181663,2016.
[19]CAMILLERI L,EL G M,RUSAKOV A.Converting ESP real-time data to flow rate and reservoir information for a remote oil well[R].SPE 176780,2015.
[20]CAMILLERI L A P,ZHOU W.Obtaining real-time flow rate,water cut,and reservoir diagnostics from ESP gauge data[R].SPE 145542,2011.
[21]方正.三相异步电动机运行功率估算方法[J].电机技术,2011(4):43-45.FANG Zheng.Method to estimate the power of threephase asynchronous motor[J].Electrical Machinery Technology,2011(4):43-45.
[22]刘新岩,李瑞云,付明森.潜油电机功率选择初探[J].石油矿场机械,2007,36(2):69-72.LIU Xinyan,LI Ruiyun,FU Mingsen.Discussion on selection of electric submersible motor power[J].Oil Field Equipment,2007,36(2):69-72.
[23]张琪.采油工程原理与设计[M].山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.ZHANG Qi.Theory and design of oil production engineering[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum Press,2006.
[2]刘太元,郭宏,郑利军,闫嘉钰,许文虎.水下多相流量计在深水油气田开发工程中的应用研究[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(11):69-74.LIU Taiyuan,GUO Hong,ZHENG Lijun,YAN Jiayu,XU Wenhu.Application of subsea multiphase flow meter in the development of deepwater oil and gas fields[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(11):69-74.
[3]周燕,周金龙,黄家俊,陈玲,李春保,杜胤.电泵井产量远程计量技术研究[J].青海石油,2011,29(2):75-78.ZHOU Yan,ZHOU Jinlong,HUANG Jiajun,LI Chunbao,DU Yin.Study on remote flow rate measurement in ESPwell[J].Qinghai Shiyou,2011,29(2):75-78.
[4]吕锐,蔡维国,关成尧,檀朝东.压差法油井产液量计量方法探讨[J].中国石油和化工,2007(24):43-45.LYU Rui,CAI Weiguo,GUAN Chengyao,TA NChaodong.Discussion on well production measurement with pressure difference method[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Industry,2007(24):43-45.
[5]蔡维国,丁晨晓,蒋华,张辉.电泵井在线自动计量技术在埕海一区的现场试验[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(增刊1):138-140.CAI Weiguo,DING Chenxiao,JIANG Hua,ZHANG Hui.Field test of on-line automatic measurement technology of ESP well in Chenghai field[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(S1):138-140.
[6]蔡勋,田鑫.电泵井压差法计量技术的应用[J].油气田地面工程,2013,32(12):113-114.CAI Xun,TIAN Xin.Application of measurement technology with pressure difference in ESP well[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2013,32(12):113-114.
[7]徐国安,吕锐,杨喜柱,蔡维国,关成尧.高气液比电泵井的液量计量新方法研究[J].中国石油和化工,2008(19):50-51.XU Guoan,LYU Rui,YANG Xizhu,CAI Weiguo,GUANChengyao.A new method for measuring flow rate in high gas-liquid Ratio ESP well[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Industry,2008(19):50-51.
[8]吴永鹏.基于虚拟计量技术的单井计量系统设计[J].船海工程,2015,44(5):56-58.WU Yongpeng.Design of single well measurement system based on the virtual measurement technology[J].Ship&Ocean Engineering,2015,44(5):56-58.
[9]王珏,李清平,王凯,姚海元.水下油气田虚拟计量技术应用[J].舰船科学技术,2013,35(9):118-122.WANG Jue,LI Qingping,WANG Kai,YAO Haiyuan.Virtual metering technology for subsea fields[J].Ship Science and Technology,2013,35(9):118-122.
[10]周大通,林东龙,戴倚霞,侯新然,李哲.大数据技术将引领油气行业变革[J].石油科技论坛,2016,35(5):45-50.ZHOU Datong,LIN Donglong,DAI Yixia,HOU Xinran,LI Zhe.Big data technology leads oil and gas industrial reform[J].Oil Forum,2016,35(5):45-50.
[11]刘蜀知,孙艾茵,李达,关欣,孟凡龙.苏里格低渗气田压裂井拟稳态期产量预测方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(6):65-68.LIU Shuzhi,SUN Aiyin,LI Da,GUAN Xin,MENGFanlong.Production prediction method for pseudo steady period of fractured well in low-permeability Sulige Gas Field[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(6):65-68.
[12]张鹏,党瑞荣.毛细管油井测压的理论研究[J].石油仪器,2008,22(2):22-23.ZHANG Peng,DANG Ruirong.Study on capillary pressure measurement in oil wells[J].Petroleum Instruments,2008,22(2):22-23.
[13]陈辰,廖细明,褚万泉,祁芳芳.电泵井永置式监测技术与应用[J].石油仪器,2010,24(2):28-30.CHEN Chen,LIAO Ximing,CHU Wanquan,QIFangfang.Permanent downhole monitoring technology i n e l e c t r i c a l p u m p w e l l s[J].P e t r o l e u m Instruments,2010,24(2):28-30.
[14]葛丽萍,耿昌浩.潜油电泵井下监测数据在埕海油田的应用效果分析[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013(7):105,224.GE Liping,GENG Changhao.Application effect analysis of downhole monitoring data of ESP well in Chenghai Oilfield[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2013(7):105,224.
[15]古小红,韩国庆,竺彪.基于井口憋压分析的电泵井工况诊断[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(4):514-518.GU Xiaohong,HAN Guoqing,ZHU Biao.Working condiciton diagnosis of ESP well based on wellhead pressure-out analysis[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(4):514-518.
[16]郑春峰,郝晓军,黄新春,谷丽红.憋压诊断技术在渤海Q油田潜油电泵井管理中的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(增刊):59-62.ZHENG Chunfeng,HAO Xiaojun,HUANG Xinchun,GU Lihong.Application of holding pressure diagnosis techniques in management of submersible electric pump well in Bohai Q Oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(S0):59-62.
[17]黄新春,郑春峰,李昂,苏作飞.QHD32-6油田电泵机组故障预测方法及其现场应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(1):116-119.HUANG Xinchun,ZHENG Chunfeng,LI Ang,SUZuofei.Fault prediction method and field application of QHD32-6 oilfield electric pump unit[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(1):116-119.
[18]CAMILLERI L,EL G M,RUSAKOV A.Providing accurate ESP flow rate measurement in the absence of a test separator[R].SPE 181663,2016.
[19]CAMILLERI L,EL G M,RUSAKOV A.Converting ESP real-time data to flow rate and reservoir information for a remote oil well[R].SPE 176780,2015.
[20]CAMILLERI L A P,ZHOU W.Obtaining real-time flow rate,water cut,and reservoir diagnostics from ESP gauge data[R].SPE 145542,2011.
[21]方正.三相异步电动机运行功率估算方法[J].电机技术,2011(4):43-45.FANG Zheng.Method to estimate the power of threephase asynchronous motor[J].Electrical Machinery Technology,2011(4):43-45.
[22]刘新岩,李瑞云,付明森.潜油电机功率选择初探[J].石油矿场机械,2007,36(2):69-72.LIU Xinyan,LI Ruiyun,FU Mingsen.Discussion on selection of electric submersible motor power[J].Oil Field Equipment,2007,36(2):69-72.
[23]张琪.采油工程原理与设计[M].山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.ZHANG Qi.Theory and design of oil production engineering[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum Press,2006.