不同监测环境下相位式测距精度试验研究
|
摘要
在特殊的测区环境使用免棱镜全站仪有其独特优势,但在不同观测条件下其测距精度的高低对观测结果影响很大。为了研究不同监测环境对免棱镜全站仪测距精度的影响,以拓普康ES-602G全站仪为例,对其相位式测距精度开展了系统的试验和分析,从不同反射面材质、反射面颜色、激光束入射角度、不同拐角等方面,设计了相应的试验方案,采用回归分析方法,获取了相应的拟合函数模型,分析其对测距精度的影响规律。结果表明:对测距精度影响最大的是大理石面,红砖面和木板面对测距精度的影响较小;反射面颜色与测距精度负相关,颜色越浅的物体其反射信号的能力越强,测距精度越高;激光束入射角度与测距精度成反比,为了保证测距精度应使入射角控制在30°以内;反射面拐角与测距精度呈线性关系,拐角越大,精度越高,拐角越小,其测距误差可能会很大。
In the special measurement environment,using prism free total station has its unique advantages.However the ranging accuracy under different observation conditions highly influences the observation results.In order to study the influence of different monitoring environment on the ranging accuracy of prism free total station,Topcon ES-602 G total station is taken as an example,A systematic experiment and analysis on its ranging accuracy are carried out. The corresponding experimental scheme is designed from different reflective surface material,i. e.,the surface color,the laser beam incident angle and different corners. The corresponding fitting function model is obtained by using regression analysis method and its influence on the precision of ranging is analyzed. The results show that the influence on the ranging accuracy of the largest is marble. Red brick and wood have weak influence on the ranging accuracy. The color of the reflection surface is negatively correlated with the ranging accuracy. The lighter the color is,the stronger the reflection signal and the higher range accuracy. The incident angle of the laser beam is inversely proportional to the ranging accuracy. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement,the incident angle should be controlled within 30 degrees. The reflection surface has a linear relations with the ranging accuracy. The larger the corner has higher the accuracy. The smaller the corner and the range error may be greater.
In the special measurement environment,using prism free total station has its unique advantages.However the ranging accuracy under different observation conditions highly influences the observation results.In order to study the influence of different monitoring environment on the ranging accuracy of prism free total station,Topcon ES-602 G total station is taken as an example,A systematic experiment and analysis on its ranging accuracy are carried out. The corresponding experimental scheme is designed from different reflective surface material,i. e.,the surface color,the laser beam incident angle and different corners. The corresponding fitting function model is obtained by using regression analysis method and its influence on the precision of ranging is analyzed. The results show that the influence on the ranging accuracy of the largest is marble. Red brick and wood have weak influence on the ranging accuracy. The color of the reflection surface is negatively correlated with the ranging accuracy. The lighter the color is,the stronger the reflection signal and the higher range accuracy. The incident angle of the laser beam is inversely proportional to the ranging accuracy. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement,the incident angle should be controlled within 30 degrees. The reflection surface has a linear relations with the ranging accuracy. The larger the corner has higher the accuracy. The smaller the corner and the range error may be greater.
引文
[1]孔宁,林鸿,欧海平,等.基于自动照准全站仪的精密三角高程测量代替二等水准测量的研究与应用[J].测绘通报,2016(2):107-109.KONG N,LIN H,OU H P,et al.Research and application based on precision trigonometric leveling of automatic gradient total station instead of second-class leveling measurement[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2016(2):107-109.
[2]张添兵,宿勇军.测绘新技术在城市道路交通网络规划测量中的应用[J].测绘通报,2014(s2):248-251.ZHANG T B,SU Y J.Application of new mapping technology in urban road traffic network planning survey[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2014(s2):248-251.
[3]胡忠宇.测绘新技术及其对测绘专业的影响研究[J].测绘科学,2009,34(s2):46-49.HU Z Y.New technology of surveying and mapping and its influence on surveying and mapping[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2009,34(s2):46-49.
[4]容仲明.全站仪免棱镜时代来临[N].中国测绘报,2015-06-05(003).RONG Z M.Total station non-prism era[N].China Surveying and Mapping News,2015-06-05(003).
[5]祝宏宇,李沛鸿,王智福.不同反射条件下免棱镜测距精度分析[J].测绘技术装备,2016,1(18):19-22.ZHU H Y,LI P H,WANG Z F.Accuracy analysis of non-prism distance measurement under different reflective conditions[J].Mapping technology and equipment,2016,1(18):19-22.
[6]隗骏.TM30免棱镜模式下的精度分析及其应用[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2016,39(6):201-203.WEI J.Accuracy analysis and application of TM30without prism[J].Geomatics and Spatial Information Technology,2016,39(6):201-203.
[7]郭雪瑶,田林亚,黄瑾,等.校园标志物空间形态的测量与分析[J].测绘通报,2015(9):87-90.GUO X Y,TIANL Y,HUANG J,et al.Measurement and analysis of spatial pattern of campus markers[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2015(9):87-90.
[8]王旭华,刘宇辰.基于平面拟合的高层建筑物倾斜观测新方法[J].测绘通报,2013(3):73-74.WANG X H,LIU Y C.New methods of high building declivity survey based on surface fitting[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2013(3):73-74.
[9]袁俊阳,刘喜中.免棱镜全站仪在自由坐标下对高层建筑物的倾斜观测[J].河南科技,2011(4):74-75.YUAN J Y,LIU X Z.Tilt observation of high-rise buildings with non-prism total station in free coordinates[J].Henan Science and Technology,2011(4):74-75.
[10]涂群生.利用免棱镜全站仪观测建筑物倾斜的方法[J].测绘科学,2009,34(s1):99-100.TU Q S.A method of observing the inclination of a building with non-prism total station[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2009,34(s1):99-100.
[11]徐柏松.免棱镜全站仪用于困难地区地形测量[J].地理空间信息,2009,7(6):33-35.XU B S.Non-prism total station use for survey in tough area[J].Geospatial Information,2009,7(6):33-35.
[12]岳建平,高永刚,谢波.无反射棱镜全站仪测距性能测试[J].测绘工程,2005,14(2):35-37.YUE J P,GAO Y G,XIE B.Test of reflectorless total station in distance measure[J].Surveying and Mapping Engineering,2005,14(2):35-37.
[13]IN TAE YANG,JAE KOOK PARK,DONG MOON KIM.Monitoring the Symptoms of Landslide Using the Non-Prism Total Station[J].KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,2007,6(11):293-301.
[14]夏立福,李井春,胡友健,等.免棱镜全站仪测距性能的测试及精度分析[J].地理空间信息,2008,6(2):133-135.XIA L F,LI J C,HU Y J,et al.Test and precision analysis of ranging performance of reflectorless total station[J].Geospatial Information,2008,6(2):133-135.
[15]葛世超.大型建(构)筑物形体测量与数据处理研究[D].南京:河海大学,2005.GE S C.Study on body Surveying and data processing for the Huge Building[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2005.
[16]虞积强.全站仪误差与检验研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2008.YU J Q.The error and test for the electronic total station observations[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2008.
[17]孔祥元,郭际明.控制测量学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2006.KONG X Y,GUO J M.Control surveying[M.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2008.
[18]张志强.全站仪红外测距系统的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2007.ZHANG Z Q.Study onto talstation infrared distance measure system[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2007.
[19]袁堂龙.小型脉冲式激光测距系统研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2008.YUAN T L.Study on the portable pulse laser range detection system[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Technology,2008.
[20]宁晖.脉冲式与相位式相结合的激光测距系统研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015.NING H.Research on the combination system of pulsephase laser ranging[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2015.
[21]丁燕.相位法激光测距仪设计及其关键技术研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.DING Y.The design of phase-shift laser rangefinder and the research of it's key technologies[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007
[22]马春艳,马玉宽,张红星.无棱镜全站仪测距稳定性及精度分析[J].测绘工程,2014,23(9):9-11.MA C Y,MA Y K,ZHANG H X.Distance measurement stability and precision analysis of non-reflector total station[J].Surveying and mapping engineering,2014,23(9):9-11.
[23]王胜强.无反射棱镜全站仪测距精度分析[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2012,35(6):190-192.WANG S Q.Distance measurement precision analysis of non-reflector total station[J].Geomatics and Spatial Information Technology,2012,35(6):190-192.
[24]张伟航,刘金山,杨姗姗,等.免棱镜全站仪性能测试[J].矿山测量,2013(4):50-53.ZHANG W H,LIU J S,YANG S S,et al.Performance test of non-prism total station[J].Mine Survey,2013(4):50-53.
[25]李景华,朱尚伟.关于R2的几点质疑[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2013(9):152-160.LI J H,ZHU S W.Cautions about R2[J].The Journal of Quantitative&Technical Economics,2013(9):152-160.
[26]赵松山.对拟合优度R2的影响因素分析与评价[J].东北财经大学学报,2003(3):56-58.ZHAO S S.Analysis and evaluation of influencing factors of goodness of fit R2[J].Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,2003(3):56-58.
[2]张添兵,宿勇军.测绘新技术在城市道路交通网络规划测量中的应用[J].测绘通报,2014(s2):248-251.ZHANG T B,SU Y J.Application of new mapping technology in urban road traffic network planning survey[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2014(s2):248-251.
[3]胡忠宇.测绘新技术及其对测绘专业的影响研究[J].测绘科学,2009,34(s2):46-49.HU Z Y.New technology of surveying and mapping and its influence on surveying and mapping[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2009,34(s2):46-49.
[4]容仲明.全站仪免棱镜时代来临[N].中国测绘报,2015-06-05(003).RONG Z M.Total station non-prism era[N].China Surveying and Mapping News,2015-06-05(003).
[5]祝宏宇,李沛鸿,王智福.不同反射条件下免棱镜测距精度分析[J].测绘技术装备,2016,1(18):19-22.ZHU H Y,LI P H,WANG Z F.Accuracy analysis of non-prism distance measurement under different reflective conditions[J].Mapping technology and equipment,2016,1(18):19-22.
[6]隗骏.TM30免棱镜模式下的精度分析及其应用[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2016,39(6):201-203.WEI J.Accuracy analysis and application of TM30without prism[J].Geomatics and Spatial Information Technology,2016,39(6):201-203.
[7]郭雪瑶,田林亚,黄瑾,等.校园标志物空间形态的测量与分析[J].测绘通报,2015(9):87-90.GUO X Y,TIANL Y,HUANG J,et al.Measurement and analysis of spatial pattern of campus markers[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2015(9):87-90.
[8]王旭华,刘宇辰.基于平面拟合的高层建筑物倾斜观测新方法[J].测绘通报,2013(3):73-74.WANG X H,LIU Y C.New methods of high building declivity survey based on surface fitting[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2013(3):73-74.
[9]袁俊阳,刘喜中.免棱镜全站仪在自由坐标下对高层建筑物的倾斜观测[J].河南科技,2011(4):74-75.YUAN J Y,LIU X Z.Tilt observation of high-rise buildings with non-prism total station in free coordinates[J].Henan Science and Technology,2011(4):74-75.
[10]涂群生.利用免棱镜全站仪观测建筑物倾斜的方法[J].测绘科学,2009,34(s1):99-100.TU Q S.A method of observing the inclination of a building with non-prism total station[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2009,34(s1):99-100.
[11]徐柏松.免棱镜全站仪用于困难地区地形测量[J].地理空间信息,2009,7(6):33-35.XU B S.Non-prism total station use for survey in tough area[J].Geospatial Information,2009,7(6):33-35.
[12]岳建平,高永刚,谢波.无反射棱镜全站仪测距性能测试[J].测绘工程,2005,14(2):35-37.YUE J P,GAO Y G,XIE B.Test of reflectorless total station in distance measure[J].Surveying and Mapping Engineering,2005,14(2):35-37.
[13]IN TAE YANG,JAE KOOK PARK,DONG MOON KIM.Monitoring the Symptoms of Landslide Using the Non-Prism Total Station[J].KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,2007,6(11):293-301.
[14]夏立福,李井春,胡友健,等.免棱镜全站仪测距性能的测试及精度分析[J].地理空间信息,2008,6(2):133-135.XIA L F,LI J C,HU Y J,et al.Test and precision analysis of ranging performance of reflectorless total station[J].Geospatial Information,2008,6(2):133-135.
[15]葛世超.大型建(构)筑物形体测量与数据处理研究[D].南京:河海大学,2005.GE S C.Study on body Surveying and data processing for the Huge Building[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2005.
[16]虞积强.全站仪误差与检验研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2008.YU J Q.The error and test for the electronic total station observations[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2008.
[17]孔祥元,郭际明.控制测量学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2006.KONG X Y,GUO J M.Control surveying[M.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2008.
[18]张志强.全站仪红外测距系统的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2007.ZHANG Z Q.Study onto talstation infrared distance measure system[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2007.
[19]袁堂龙.小型脉冲式激光测距系统研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2008.YUAN T L.Study on the portable pulse laser range detection system[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Technology,2008.
[20]宁晖.脉冲式与相位式相结合的激光测距系统研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015.NING H.Research on the combination system of pulsephase laser ranging[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2015.
[21]丁燕.相位法激光测距仪设计及其关键技术研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.DING Y.The design of phase-shift laser rangefinder and the research of it's key technologies[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007
[22]马春艳,马玉宽,张红星.无棱镜全站仪测距稳定性及精度分析[J].测绘工程,2014,23(9):9-11.MA C Y,MA Y K,ZHANG H X.Distance measurement stability and precision analysis of non-reflector total station[J].Surveying and mapping engineering,2014,23(9):9-11.
[23]王胜强.无反射棱镜全站仪测距精度分析[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2012,35(6):190-192.WANG S Q.Distance measurement precision analysis of non-reflector total station[J].Geomatics and Spatial Information Technology,2012,35(6):190-192.
[24]张伟航,刘金山,杨姗姗,等.免棱镜全站仪性能测试[J].矿山测量,2013(4):50-53.ZHANG W H,LIU J S,YANG S S,et al.Performance test of non-prism total station[J].Mine Survey,2013(4):50-53.
[25]李景华,朱尚伟.关于R2的几点质疑[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2013(9):152-160.LI J H,ZHU S W.Cautions about R2[J].The Journal of Quantitative&Technical Economics,2013(9):152-160.
[26]赵松山.对拟合优度R2的影响因素分析与评价[J].东北财经大学学报,2003(3):56-58.ZHAO S S.Analysis and evaluation of influencing factors of goodness of fit R2[J].Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,2003(3):56-58.