浓缩棉籽蛋白替代鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化指标及胃肠道蛋白酶活性的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究浓缩棉籽蛋白替代鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化指标及胃肠道蛋白酶活性的影响。选择体重(25.5±0.5) g的卵形鲳鲹幼鱼720尾,随机分为6个组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾。对照组饲喂以鱼粉为主要蛋白质源的基础饲料,各替代组分别饲喂以浓缩棉籽蛋白替代基础饲料中12%、24%、36%、48%和60%鱼粉的等氮等脂饲料。试验期8周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,各替代组的末重、增重率和特定生长率均无显著差异(P>0.05),36%替代组的末重、增重率、特定生长率显著高于60%替代组(P<0.05)。对照组和48%替代组的存活率显著高于12%、24%、36%替代组(P<0.05)。各组之间摄食量、饲料系数和蛋白质效率无显著差异(P>0.05)。2) 12%替代组的肝体比显著高于24%替代组(P<0.05),24%替代组的肥满度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),36%、48%、60%替代组的粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组和12%组(P<0.05),60%替代组的粗灰分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间的水分、粗脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。3) 12%替代组的血清总蛋白含量显著低于对照组和36%、48%替代组(P<0.05);12%替代组的血清甘油三酯含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),36%替代组的血清甘油三酯含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);对照组的血清葡萄糖含量显著高于60%替代组(P<0.05);对照组和12%替代组的血清胆固醇含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)各组之间的肝脏丙二醛含量、血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。对照组的肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著低于除60%替代组外的其他各组(P<0.05),对照组的肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于36%、48%替代组(P<0.05)。5) 36%、48%、60%替代组的胃蛋白酶活性显著高于12%替代组(P<0.05)。各组之间中肠中糜蛋白酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05),24%、36%替代组前肠和后肠中糜蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,以特定生长率为判据,通过多元回归模型拟合得出卵形鲳鲹幼鱼饲料中浓缩棉籽蛋白替代鱼粉的最适比例为26%。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fish meal replacement by concentrated cottonseed protein on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,liver antioxidant indices and gastrointestinal tract protease activities of juvenile Trachinotus ovatus.A total of 720 juvenile Trachinotus ovatus with body weight of(25.5±0.5) g were selected and divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate.Fish in the control group were fed a basal diet which used fish meal as the main protein source,and others in the replacement groups were fed iso-nitrogen and iso-lipid diets which used the concentrated cottonseed protein replaced 12%,24%,36%,48% and 60% fish meal,respectively.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the final weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate of replacement groups were no significant difference(P>0.05),the final weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate of 36% replacement group were significantly higher than those of 60%replacement group(P<0.05).The survival rate of control group and 48% replacement group was significantly higher than that of 12%,24% and 36% replacement groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in feed intake,feed coefficient and protein efficiency ratio among all groups(P>0.05).2) The hepatopancreas somatic indices of 12% replacement group was significantly higher than that of 24% replacement group(P<0.05),the condition factor of 24% replacement group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the crude protein content of 36%,48% and 60% replacement groups was significantly higher than that of control group and 12% replacement group(P<0.05),the crude ash content of 60% replacement group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in moisture and crude lipid contents among all groups(P>0.05).3) The serum total protein content of 12% replacement group was significantly lower than that of control group and 36%,48% replacement groups(P<0.05);the serum triglyceride content of 12% replacement group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05),the serum triglyceride content of 36% replacement group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05);the serum glucose content of the control group was significantly higher than that of60% replacement group(P<0.05);the serum cholesterol content of control group and 12% replacement group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).4) There were no significant differences in liver malondialdehyde content and serum total superoxide dismutase activity among all groups(P>0.05).The liver glutathione peroxidase activity of the control group was significantly lower than that of other groups except 60%replacement group(P<0.05),the liver total superoxide dismutase activity of the control group was significantly lower than that of 36%,48% replacement groups(P<0.05).5) The pepsin activity of 36%,48% and60% replacement groups was significantly higher than that of 12% replacement group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in mid-intestine chymotrypsin activity among all groups(P>0.05),the anterior intestine and posterior intestine chymotrypsin activity of 24% and 36% replacement groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Under the conditions of this experiment,the specific growth rate is use to multivariate regression model analysis,the optimal replacement percentage of concentrated cottonseed protein replaced fishmeal in juvenile Trachinotus ovatus diet is 26%.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fish meal replacement by concentrated cottonseed protein on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,liver antioxidant indices and gastrointestinal tract protease activities of juvenile Trachinotus ovatus.A total of 720 juvenile Trachinotus ovatus with body weight of(25.5±0.5) g were selected and divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate.Fish in the control group were fed a basal diet which used fish meal as the main protein source,and others in the replacement groups were fed iso-nitrogen and iso-lipid diets which used the concentrated cottonseed protein replaced 12%,24%,36%,48% and 60% fish meal,respectively.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the final weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate of replacement groups were no significant difference(P>0.05),the final weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate of 36% replacement group were significantly higher than those of 60%replacement group(P<0.05).The survival rate of control group and 48% replacement group was significantly higher than that of 12%,24% and 36% replacement groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in feed intake,feed coefficient and protein efficiency ratio among all groups(P>0.05).2) The hepatopancreas somatic indices of 12% replacement group was significantly higher than that of 24% replacement group(P<0.05),the condition factor of 24% replacement group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the crude protein content of 36%,48% and 60% replacement groups was significantly higher than that of control group and 12% replacement group(P<0.05),the crude ash content of 60% replacement group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in moisture and crude lipid contents among all groups(P>0.05).3) The serum total protein content of 12% replacement group was significantly lower than that of control group and 36%,48% replacement groups(P<0.05);the serum triglyceride content of 12% replacement group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05),the serum triglyceride content of 36% replacement group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05);the serum glucose content of the control group was significantly higher than that of60% replacement group(P<0.05);the serum cholesterol content of control group and 12% replacement group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).4) There were no significant differences in liver malondialdehyde content and serum total superoxide dismutase activity among all groups(P>0.05).The liver glutathione peroxidase activity of the control group was significantly lower than that of other groups except 60%replacement group(P<0.05),the liver total superoxide dismutase activity of the control group was significantly lower than that of 36%,48% replacement groups(P<0.05).5) The pepsin activity of 36%,48% and60% replacement groups was significantly higher than that of 12% replacement group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in mid-intestine chymotrypsin activity among all groups(P>0.05),the anterior intestine and posterior intestine chymotrypsin activity of 24% and 36% replacement groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Under the conditions of this experiment,the specific growth rate is use to multivariate regression model analysis,the optimal replacement percentage of concentrated cottonseed protein replaced fishmeal in juvenile Trachinotus ovatus diet is 26%.
引文
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