2017年湘潭市噪声作业人员职业健康监护现状
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摘要
目的了解2017年湘潭市噪声作业工人的职业健康状况,为湘潭市噪声作业人员的职业病防治和职业卫生管理工作提供参考依据。方法在《职业健康检查个案卡》数据库中筛选噪声作业人员的职业健康检查数据将其导入Excel 2013中,并对数据进行分析。结果 2017年湘潭市共有3 429名噪声作业工人进行在岗期间职业健康检查,平均年龄(38.95±9.45)岁,平均工龄(14.07±11.43)年,检出疑似职业噪声聋1例,职业禁忌症48例,双耳高频平均听阈≥40 dB有290例(异常检出率为8.45%),男性双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率高于女性,不同年龄、工龄、企业规模、企业性质及行业之间双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=37.622、124.305、61.770、3.766、184.693、114.605,均P<0.05)。结论湘潭市噪声作业人员双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率较高,应加强对重点人群和重点企业的控制和监督管理,保护劳动者的健康。
[Objective]To understand the occupational health status of noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City in 2017, provide scientific basis for occupational disease prevention and occupational health management of noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City. [Methods] The occupational health examination data of noise-exposed workers were screened in the Occupational Health Examination Case Card database and imported into Excel 2013. Statistical analysis was performed.[Results]In 2017, a total of3 429 noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City received the in-service occupational health checks. The average age was(38.95±9.45)years old and the average working age was(14.07±11.43) years. One case of suspected occupational noise deafness and 48 cases of occupational contraindications were detected. There were 290 cases of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold ≥40 d B(abnormal rate was 8.45%). The abnormal rate of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold in males was higher than that in females. The differences in the abnormal rate of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold were statistically significant among different groups in age, length of service, scale of enterprise, nature of enterprise and industry(χ~2=37.622,124.305, 61.770, 3.766, 184.693, 114.605, all P<0.05).[Conclusion] The abnormal rate of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold is high among noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City. It is necessary to strengthen the control and supervision of key groups and enterprises to protect the health of workers.
[Objective]To understand the occupational health status of noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City in 2017, provide scientific basis for occupational disease prevention and occupational health management of noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City. [Methods] The occupational health examination data of noise-exposed workers were screened in the Occupational Health Examination Case Card database and imported into Excel 2013. Statistical analysis was performed.[Results]In 2017, a total of3 429 noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City received the in-service occupational health checks. The average age was(38.95±9.45)years old and the average working age was(14.07±11.43) years. One case of suspected occupational noise deafness and 48 cases of occupational contraindications were detected. There were 290 cases of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold ≥40 d B(abnormal rate was 8.45%). The abnormal rate of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold in males was higher than that in females. The differences in the abnormal rate of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold were statistically significant among different groups in age, length of service, scale of enterprise, nature of enterprise and industry(χ~2=37.622,124.305, 61.770, 3.766, 184.693, 114.605, all P<0.05).[Conclusion] The abnormal rate of bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold is high among noise-exposed workers in Xiangtan City. It is necessary to strengthen the control and supervision of key groups and enterprises to protect the health of workers.
引文
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[9]黄邵玲,金若刚,许旭丹,等.2016年长沙市噪声作业人员职业健康监护分析[J]中国卫生标准管理,2018,9(9):20-23.
[10]李盛,王宇红,王金玉,等.2016年兰州市噪声作业工人职业健康结果分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2018,8(1):29-32.
[11]龚斌忠,雷程远,陈燕圆.南宁市噪声作业人员职业健康体检结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2012,18(3):144-146.
[12]闫芳娟,陈影,傅惠平,等.职业性噪声对接触人群听力影响的4年随访[J].工业卫生与职业病,2016,44(4):253-255.
[13]杨秀英,赵丹萍.2015年石家庄市藁城区噪声作业人员专项检查结果[J].职业与健康,2017,33(13):1750-1753.
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[15]罗丽,刘勇,徐昇,等. 2015年德阳市噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果分析[J].工业卫生与职业病,2018,44(1):58-60.
[16]黄志石,钟学飘,朱志良.观澜中小型企业职业病危害哨点监测分析[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2012,30(10):799-800.
[2]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.职业性噪声聋的诊断:GBZ 49-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015:1-3.
[3]孙贵范,邬堂春,牛侨.职业卫生与职业医学[M]. 7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:217.
[4]王颖华,陈晓敏,何冬冬.某市3455名噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果分析[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2017,35(4):353-355.
[5]沈美东,范存华.噪声岗位工人职业健康体检结果分析[J].中国卫生产业,2016,36(28):42-44.
[6]冯瑞文,古艳卿,梁炼华,等.鹤山市职业健康检查和职业病发病情况[J].职业与健康,2014,30(8):1038-1039,1043.
[7]陈银芳,梁健华. 2009—2013年江门市新会区职业健康检查中发现疑似职业病情况分析[J].职业与健康,2015,31(6):831-833.
[8]王宜庆,张金龙,王苗苗,等. 2015年无锡市职业健康检查现状分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2017,30(1):45-46.
[9]黄邵玲,金若刚,许旭丹,等.2016年长沙市噪声作业人员职业健康监护分析[J]中国卫生标准管理,2018,9(9):20-23.
[10]李盛,王宇红,王金玉,等.2016年兰州市噪声作业工人职业健康结果分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2018,8(1):29-32.
[11]龚斌忠,雷程远,陈燕圆.南宁市噪声作业人员职业健康体检结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2012,18(3):144-146.
[12]闫芳娟,陈影,傅惠平,等.职业性噪声对接触人群听力影响的4年随访[J].工业卫生与职业病,2016,44(4):253-255.
[13]杨秀英,赵丹萍.2015年石家庄市藁城区噪声作业人员专项检查结果[J].职业与健康,2017,33(13):1750-1753.
[14]谢德兴,温建斌,连理云.龙岩市噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2017,16(1):75-76.
[15]罗丽,刘勇,徐昇,等. 2015年德阳市噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果分析[J].工业卫生与职业病,2018,44(1):58-60.
[16]黄志石,钟学飘,朱志良.观澜中小型企业职业病危害哨点监测分析[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2012,30(10):799-800.