光伏发电系统低压浪涌保护器的选择
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摘要
光伏发电是利用半导体界面的光生伏特效应而将太阳光能直接转变为电能的一种技术。光伏发电系统可以安装于厂房屋顶、山地、沙漠、湖泊等场所,应用很广泛。但光伏发电系统安装于户外,且位置较高或处于空旷地带,容易遭受雷击及其电磁脉冲的影响,一般都需要采用浪涌保护器(SPD)进行保护。同时电位诱导衰减(PID)是光伏电池衰减的重要形式,而具有抗PID功能的逆变器的面世,较大程度上减弱了光伏电池的衰减,具有一定的技术经济价值。结合抗PID模块的工作原理,指出了光伏发电系统中的SPD选型时应注意的事项,根据电气的绝缘和配合原则并结合实例给出了计算方法。
Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy by using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interface.Photovoltaic power generation system can be installed in plant roofs, mountains, deserts, lakes and other places, and is widely used.However, photovoltaic power generation system is installed in the outdoor, and located in a high position or in an open area, vulnerable to lightning and electromagnetic pulse, generally need to use Surge Protective Device(SPD) to protect. At the same time, Potential induced degradation(PID) is an important form of photovoltaic cell attenuation, and anti-PID inverter, greatly weakened the attenuation of photovoltaic cells, has certain technical and economic value. Based on the working principle of anti-PID module, this paper points out the matters needing attention in SPD selection in photovoltaic power generation system, and gives the calculation method according to the principle of electrical insulation and coordination and combining with an example.
Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy by using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interface.Photovoltaic power generation system can be installed in plant roofs, mountains, deserts, lakes and other places, and is widely used.However, photovoltaic power generation system is installed in the outdoor, and located in a high position or in an open area, vulnerable to lightning and electromagnetic pulse, generally need to use Surge Protective Device(SPD) to protect. At the same time, Potential induced degradation(PID) is an important form of photovoltaic cell attenuation, and anti-PID inverter, greatly weakened the attenuation of photovoltaic cells, has certain technical and economic value. Based on the working principle of anti-PID module, this paper points out the matters needing attention in SPD selection in photovoltaic power generation system, and gives the calculation method according to the principle of electrical insulation and coordination and combining with an example.
引文
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[3]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50057-2010建筑物防雷设计规范[S],中国计划出版社,2013:附录J.Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development of People's Republic of China.GB 50057-2010 building lightning protection design specification[S],China planning press,2013:The appendix J.
[4]周志敏,纪爱华.太阳能光伏逆变器设计与工程应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2013.:16.ZHOU Zhimin,JI Aihua.Design and application of solar PV inverter[M].Beijing:Electronic industry press,2013:16.
[5]中国航空规划设计研究总院有限公司.工业与民用供配电设计手册[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2016:1312.China Aviation Planning and Design Institute(group)Co.,Ltd.Industrial and civil distribution design manual[M].Beijing:China electric power press,2016:1312.
[6]李祥超.电涌保护器(SPD)原理与应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2011:第九章.LI Xiangchao.Principle and application of surge protective device(SPD)[M].Beijing:Meteorology press,2011:Chapter 9.
[7]王厚余.低压电气装置的设计安装和校验[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2012:121.WANG Houyu.Installation and calibration of low voltage electrical installations[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2012:121.
[8]杨思俊.光伏并网电流与电网电压同频同相的技术实现[J].微处理机,2017,38(1):83-85.YANG Sijun.Technology of photovoltaic grid current and grid voltage with same frequency and phase[J].Microprocessors,2017,38(1):83-85.