铜钼混合精矿浮选分离技术研究进展
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摘要
从铜钼混合精矿浮选分离预处理工艺、浮选工艺和浮选药剂等3个方面总结了铜钼混合精矿的浮选分离技术进展情况。从现阶段看,铜钼混合精矿浮选分离预处理工艺主要包括浓缩脱药、加温脱药、氧化脱药和活性炭吸药4种方式,其中浓缩脱药和加温脱药最为常用,其具有操作简单、耗费成本低等特点;浮选工艺主要包括浮铜抑钼和浮钼抑铜2种工艺,其中浮钼抑铜工艺由于其顺应辉钼矿具有良好的天然可浮性的特点,遵循浮选可浮性更好的矿物的原则,因而被广泛应用;浮选药剂主要包括钼矿物及铜矿物的捕收剂和抑制剂2种类型药剂,钼矿常用捕收剂有柴油和煤油,抑制剂主要是糊精和淀粉等有机物,铜矿常用捕收剂主要是黄药类、黑药类和硫胺酯类捕收剂,抑制剂主要是硫化钠和巯基乙酸,其中铜矿的新型抑制剂近年来被重点研究,开发的新型抑制剂往往具有低耗、低毒、高效等特点。通过分析比较可以看出铜钼分离过程中预处理工艺、浮选工艺、浮选药剂的有效选择和深入研究,对于铜钼分离过程降耗增效起到关键的作用,最后指出了铜钼混合精矿浮选分离技术发展和进步的主要方向。
The progress of flotation separation technology of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate was summarized from pretreatment process,flotation process and flotation agent three aspects of flotation separation of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate. From the present stage,the flotation separation pretreatment process of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate mainly includes four ways: concentrated decontamination,heat removal,oxidative decontamination,and activated carbon adsorption. Concentrated decontamination and heating decontamination are most commonly used. It has the characteristics of simple operation,low cost,etc. The flotation processes mainly include two methods,floating copper and depresses molybdenum,and floating molybdenum and depresses copper. The floating molybdenum and depresses copper technology are widely used,because it conforms the molybdenite natural floatability characteristics and follow the principle of floating for better floatability minerals. Flotation agents mainly include collectors and depressant of molybdenum and copper ore,the commonly used collectors for molybdenum include diesel and kerosene,and the depressants are mainly organic substances such as dextrin and starch. The commonly used collectors of copper ore are xanthate,aerofloat,and thiamine ester collectors. The depressants are mainly sulfurized sodium and thioglycolic acid. New depressant of copper ore are being researched in recent years,they have the characteristics of low consumption,low toxicity,high efficiency and so on. Through analysis and comparison,it can be seen that effective selection and in-depth study of the pretreatment process,flotation process,and the flotation agent in the separation process of copper and molybdenum which has a key role in reducing consumption and increasing efficiency in the copper-molybdenum separation process. Finally,the main direction of the development and advancement of the copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate flotation separation technology was pointed out.
The progress of flotation separation technology of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate was summarized from pretreatment process,flotation process and flotation agent three aspects of flotation separation of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate. From the present stage,the flotation separation pretreatment process of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate mainly includes four ways: concentrated decontamination,heat removal,oxidative decontamination,and activated carbon adsorption. Concentrated decontamination and heating decontamination are most commonly used. It has the characteristics of simple operation,low cost,etc. The flotation processes mainly include two methods,floating copper and depresses molybdenum,and floating molybdenum and depresses copper. The floating molybdenum and depresses copper technology are widely used,because it conforms the molybdenite natural floatability characteristics and follow the principle of floating for better floatability minerals. Flotation agents mainly include collectors and depressant of molybdenum and copper ore,the commonly used collectors for molybdenum include diesel and kerosene,and the depressants are mainly organic substances such as dextrin and starch. The commonly used collectors of copper ore are xanthate,aerofloat,and thiamine ester collectors. The depressants are mainly sulfurized sodium and thioglycolic acid. New depressant of copper ore are being researched in recent years,they have the characteristics of low consumption,low toxicity,high efficiency and so on. Through analysis and comparison,it can be seen that effective selection and in-depth study of the pretreatment process,flotation process,and the flotation agent in the separation process of copper and molybdenum which has a key role in reducing consumption and increasing efficiency in the copper-molybdenum separation process. Finally,the main direction of the development and advancement of the copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate flotation separation technology was pointed out.
引文
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