微波联合润湿剂改性浮选分离ABS的研究
|
摘要
以分离丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、聚碳酸酯(PC)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)废旧混合塑料为目标,提出了微波预处理联合润湿剂改性的方法,通过单因素实验,详细考察了润湿剂种类、浓度及调整时间、微波辐照功率、辐照时间、搅拌速率、起泡剂浓度、浮选时间等因素对浮选效率的影响,并在此基础上探究了混合塑料质量比对浮选行为的影响。实验结果表明,最优浮选工艺为:羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)浓度25 mg/L,调整时间5 min,微波辐照功率700 W,辐照3 min,搅拌速率1 800 r/min,松油醇浓度40 mg/L,浮选时间4 min。在最优工艺条件下,ABS作为上浮产物分离,回收率和纯度分别可达97.68%和99.86%,同时发现不同混合质量比条件下均可实现ABS的有效分离。实验结果对实现ABS的浮选分离及工业化循环利用具有重要的指导意义。
Combining wetting reagent modification and microwave pretreatment were applied for the floatation separation of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS) from polycarbonate(PC) and polyethylene terephthalate(PET). The effects of the type and concentration of wetting reagent, treatment time, microwave irradiation power, irradiation time, stirring rate, frother concentration, and flotation time were examined in details. Plastic mixtures of ABS, PC and PET with different mixing ratios were also investigated. The optimum conditions are wetting reagent CMC concentration 25 mg/L, treatment time 5 min, microwave irradiation power 700 W, irradiation time 3 min, stirring rate 1 800 r/min, frother concentration 40 mg/L, and flotation time 4 min. ABS was efficiently separated from PC and PET under the optimum conditions. The recovery and purity of the separated ABS was 97.68% and 99.86%, respectively. The results provide technical insights into the industrial separation of ABS from PC and PET.
Combining wetting reagent modification and microwave pretreatment were applied for the floatation separation of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS) from polycarbonate(PC) and polyethylene terephthalate(PET). The effects of the type and concentration of wetting reagent, treatment time, microwave irradiation power, irradiation time, stirring rate, frother concentration, and flotation time were examined in details. Plastic mixtures of ABS, PC and PET with different mixing ratios were also investigated. The optimum conditions are wetting reagent CMC concentration 25 mg/L, treatment time 5 min, microwave irradiation power 700 W, irradiation time 3 min, stirring rate 1 800 r/min, frother concentration 40 mg/L, and flotation time 4 min. ABS was efficiently separated from PC and PET under the optimum conditions. The recovery and purity of the separated ABS was 97.68% and 99.86%, respectively. The results provide technical insights into the industrial separation of ABS from PC and PET.
引文
[1]陈丹,黄兴元,汪朋,等.废旧塑料回收利用的有效途径[J].工程塑料应用,2012,40(9):92-94.Chen Dan,Huang Xingyuan,Wang Peng,et al.Recycling effective ways of waste plastics[J].Engineering Plastics Application,2012,40(9):92-94.
[2]2017年1-8月塑料制品行业运行情况分析[EB/OL].(217-9-30).http://www.askci.com/news/chanye/20170930/142230108937.shtml.
[3]汤桂兰,胡彪,康在龙,等.废旧塑料回收利用现状及问题[J].再生资源与循环经济,2013,6(1):31-35.Tang Guilan,Hu Biao,Kang Zailong,et al.Current situation and problems of recycling and utilization of waste plastics[J].Recyclable Resource and Circular Economy,2013,6(1):31-35.
[4]尹凤福,闫磊,韩清新,等.近红外光谱(NIR)分选技术在塑料分选领域的应用[J].环境工程,2017(12):134-138.Yin Fengfu,Yan Lei,Han Qingxin,et al.Review on application of near infrared spectroscopy technology(NIR)in plastic sorting[J].Environmental Engineering,2017(12):134-138.
[5]Fraunholcz N.Separation of waste plastics by froth flotation-a review,partⅠ[J].Minerals Engineering,2004,17(2):261-268.
[6]Silveira A V M,Cella M,Tanabe E H,et al.Application of tribo-electrostatic separation in the recycling of plastic wastes[J].Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2018,114:219-228.
[7]王晖.再生资源的物理化学分选塑料浮选体系中的界面相互作用[D].长沙:中南大学,2007.Wang Hui.Physi-chemical Separation of Recyclable Resource Interface Interaction in Plastic Floatation System[D].Changsha:Central South University,2007.
[8]Pongstabodee S,Kunachitpimol N,Damronglerd S.Combination of three-stage sink-float method and selective flotation technique for separation of mixed post-consumer plastic waste[J].Waste Management,2008,28(3):475-83.
[9]Wang H,Chen X L,Bai Y,et al.Application of dissolved air flotation on separation of waste plastics ABS and PS[J].Waste Management,2012,32(7):1297-1305.
[10]Wang H,Wang C Q,Fu J G,et al.Flotability and flotation separation of polymer materials modulated by wetting agents[J].Waste Management,2014,34(2):309-315.
[11]Pascoe R D.The use of selective depressants for the separation of ABS and HIPS by froth flotation[J].Minerals Engineering,2005,18(2):233-237.
[12]扶娟,赵钺,刘珺,等.基于碱液预处理的泡沫浮选法分离PVC/PET[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(11):6124-6129.Fu Juan,Zhao Yue,Liu Jun,et al.Separation of PVC/PETby froth flotation with alkaline pretreatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(11):6124-6129.
[13]Stuckrad B,Lohr K.Method for Sorting Plastics from a Particle Mixture Composed of Different Plastics:US,5566832[P].1996-10-22.
[14]Wang C Q,Wang H,Liu Q,et al.Separation of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene waste plastics by froth flotation combined with ammonia pretreatment[J].Waste Management,2014,34(12):2656-2661.
[15]Wang C Q,Wang H,Wu B X,et al.Boiling treatment of ABS and PS plastics for flotation separation[J].Waste Management,2014,34(7):1206-1210.
[16]商平,刘涛利,孔祥军.微波改性沸石后处理垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的实验研究[J].非金属矿,2010,33(2):63-65.Shang Ping,Liu Taoli,Kong Xiangjun.Research on treatment of amonia-nitrogen of landfill leachate by microwave modified zeolite[J].Non-metallic Mines,2010,33(2):63-65.
[17]黄卫红,阮介兵,陈义群,等.微波辅助芬顿试剂降解联苯胺废水的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2009,32(8):130-133.Huang Weihong,Ruan Jiebing,Chen Yiqun,et al.Synergetic degradation of benzidine wastewater by microwave/Fenton reagent[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,32(8):130-133.
[18]董领锋,袁英.采用排液法测量多孔材料的密度[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,1998(1):77-80.Dong Lingfeng,Yuan Ying.Measurement of density of porous material by liquid discharge method[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,1998(1):77-80.
[19]赵钺.多组分废旧塑料的浮选分离及浮选药剂的作用机理研究[D].西安:长安大学,2016.Zhao Yue.Study on Separation of Multicomponent Waste Plastics by Froth Flotation and Functional Mechanisms of Flotation Reagents[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2016.
[20]Shen H,Forssberg E,Pugh R J.Selective flotation separation of plastics by chemical conditioning with methyl cellulose[J].Resources Conservation&Recycling,2002,35(4):229-241.
[21]Huang L,Wang H,Wang C,et al.Microwave-assisted surface modification for the separation of polycarbonate from polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride waste plastics by flotation[J].Waste Management&Research,2017,35(3):294-300.
[22]Thanh Truc N T,Lee B K.Sustainable and selective separation of PVC and ABS from a WEEE plastic mixture using microwave and/or mild-heat treatment with froth flotation[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2016,50(19):10580-10587.
[23]曾克文.浮选槽内矿浆紊流强度对浮选影响的理论及应用研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2001.Zeng Kewen.Theory and Application Study on the Effect of Pulp Turbulence Degree in Flotation Cell on Flotation[D].Changsha:Central South University,2001.
[24]史帅星,韩登峰,张跃军,等.浮选柱内紊流强度对气泡与颗粒碰撞概率的影响[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2016(4):81-86.Shi Shuaixing,Han Dengfeng,Zhang Yuejun,et al.Effects of turbulence intensity on bubbles and particles collision probability in flotation column[J].Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section),2016(4):81-86.
[25]赵钺,黄佳,李彦鹏,等.废旧塑料浮选分离中气泡黏附行为的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(4):582-588.Zhao Yue,Huang Jia,Li Yanpeng,et al.Research on bubble attachment behavior in the flotation process of waste[J].Research of Environmental Science,2015,28(4):582-588.
[26]Zhao Y,Li Y P,Huang J,et al.Rebound and attachment involving single bubble and particle in the separation of plastics by froth flotation[J].Separation&Purification Technology,2015,144:123-132.
[27]Wang H,Wang C Q,Fu J G.Floatability of polymer materials modulated by frothers[J].Waste Management,2013,33(12):2623-2631.
[2]2017年1-8月塑料制品行业运行情况分析[EB/OL].(217-9-30).http://www.askci.com/news/chanye/20170930/142230108937.shtml.
[3]汤桂兰,胡彪,康在龙,等.废旧塑料回收利用现状及问题[J].再生资源与循环经济,2013,6(1):31-35.Tang Guilan,Hu Biao,Kang Zailong,et al.Current situation and problems of recycling and utilization of waste plastics[J].Recyclable Resource and Circular Economy,2013,6(1):31-35.
[4]尹凤福,闫磊,韩清新,等.近红外光谱(NIR)分选技术在塑料分选领域的应用[J].环境工程,2017(12):134-138.Yin Fengfu,Yan Lei,Han Qingxin,et al.Review on application of near infrared spectroscopy technology(NIR)in plastic sorting[J].Environmental Engineering,2017(12):134-138.
[5]Fraunholcz N.Separation of waste plastics by froth flotation-a review,partⅠ[J].Minerals Engineering,2004,17(2):261-268.
[6]Silveira A V M,Cella M,Tanabe E H,et al.Application of tribo-electrostatic separation in the recycling of plastic wastes[J].Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2018,114:219-228.
[7]王晖.再生资源的物理化学分选塑料浮选体系中的界面相互作用[D].长沙:中南大学,2007.Wang Hui.Physi-chemical Separation of Recyclable Resource Interface Interaction in Plastic Floatation System[D].Changsha:Central South University,2007.
[8]Pongstabodee S,Kunachitpimol N,Damronglerd S.Combination of three-stage sink-float method and selective flotation technique for separation of mixed post-consumer plastic waste[J].Waste Management,2008,28(3):475-83.
[9]Wang H,Chen X L,Bai Y,et al.Application of dissolved air flotation on separation of waste plastics ABS and PS[J].Waste Management,2012,32(7):1297-1305.
[10]Wang H,Wang C Q,Fu J G,et al.Flotability and flotation separation of polymer materials modulated by wetting agents[J].Waste Management,2014,34(2):309-315.
[11]Pascoe R D.The use of selective depressants for the separation of ABS and HIPS by froth flotation[J].Minerals Engineering,2005,18(2):233-237.
[12]扶娟,赵钺,刘珺,等.基于碱液预处理的泡沫浮选法分离PVC/PET[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(11):6124-6129.Fu Juan,Zhao Yue,Liu Jun,et al.Separation of PVC/PETby froth flotation with alkaline pretreatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(11):6124-6129.
[13]Stuckrad B,Lohr K.Method for Sorting Plastics from a Particle Mixture Composed of Different Plastics:US,5566832[P].1996-10-22.
[14]Wang C Q,Wang H,Liu Q,et al.Separation of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene waste plastics by froth flotation combined with ammonia pretreatment[J].Waste Management,2014,34(12):2656-2661.
[15]Wang C Q,Wang H,Wu B X,et al.Boiling treatment of ABS and PS plastics for flotation separation[J].Waste Management,2014,34(7):1206-1210.
[16]商平,刘涛利,孔祥军.微波改性沸石后处理垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的实验研究[J].非金属矿,2010,33(2):63-65.Shang Ping,Liu Taoli,Kong Xiangjun.Research on treatment of amonia-nitrogen of landfill leachate by microwave modified zeolite[J].Non-metallic Mines,2010,33(2):63-65.
[17]黄卫红,阮介兵,陈义群,等.微波辅助芬顿试剂降解联苯胺废水的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2009,32(8):130-133.Huang Weihong,Ruan Jiebing,Chen Yiqun,et al.Synergetic degradation of benzidine wastewater by microwave/Fenton reagent[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,32(8):130-133.
[18]董领锋,袁英.采用排液法测量多孔材料的密度[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,1998(1):77-80.Dong Lingfeng,Yuan Ying.Measurement of density of porous material by liquid discharge method[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,1998(1):77-80.
[19]赵钺.多组分废旧塑料的浮选分离及浮选药剂的作用机理研究[D].西安:长安大学,2016.Zhao Yue.Study on Separation of Multicomponent Waste Plastics by Froth Flotation and Functional Mechanisms of Flotation Reagents[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2016.
[20]Shen H,Forssberg E,Pugh R J.Selective flotation separation of plastics by chemical conditioning with methyl cellulose[J].Resources Conservation&Recycling,2002,35(4):229-241.
[21]Huang L,Wang H,Wang C,et al.Microwave-assisted surface modification for the separation of polycarbonate from polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride waste plastics by flotation[J].Waste Management&Research,2017,35(3):294-300.
[22]Thanh Truc N T,Lee B K.Sustainable and selective separation of PVC and ABS from a WEEE plastic mixture using microwave and/or mild-heat treatment with froth flotation[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2016,50(19):10580-10587.
[23]曾克文.浮选槽内矿浆紊流强度对浮选影响的理论及应用研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2001.Zeng Kewen.Theory and Application Study on the Effect of Pulp Turbulence Degree in Flotation Cell on Flotation[D].Changsha:Central South University,2001.
[24]史帅星,韩登峰,张跃军,等.浮选柱内紊流强度对气泡与颗粒碰撞概率的影响[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2016(4):81-86.Shi Shuaixing,Han Dengfeng,Zhang Yuejun,et al.Effects of turbulence intensity on bubbles and particles collision probability in flotation column[J].Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section),2016(4):81-86.
[25]赵钺,黄佳,李彦鹏,等.废旧塑料浮选分离中气泡黏附行为的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(4):582-588.Zhao Yue,Huang Jia,Li Yanpeng,et al.Research on bubble attachment behavior in the flotation process of waste[J].Research of Environmental Science,2015,28(4):582-588.
[26]Zhao Y,Li Y P,Huang J,et al.Rebound and attachment involving single bubble and particle in the separation of plastics by froth flotation[J].Separation&Purification Technology,2015,144:123-132.
[27]Wang H,Wang C Q,Fu J G.Floatability of polymer materials modulated by frothers[J].Waste Management,2013,33(12):2623-2631.