对虾虾头中磷脂提取工艺的研究
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摘要
为充分利用对虾加工副产物资源,采用溶剂提取法,探讨以对虾虾头为原料提取磷脂的最佳工艺和影响因素。以磷脂纯度为指标,通过单因素实验与正交实验,考察料液比、乙醇体积分数、提取时间及提取次数对磷脂提取的影响,制定出虾头磷脂的最佳提取工艺。结果表明,虾头磷脂的最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比1∶6,采用90%乙醇溶液作为提取液提取虾头2次,每次提取6 h。在最佳提取工艺条件下,虾头提取物中磷脂纯度为45.81%。该提取工艺简单、污染少、提取效率高,为低附加值海产品加工副产物的高值化利用提供有效途径。
In order to make full use of the byproducts of shrimp processing,the optimal process and influencing factors of extraction phospholipids from shrimp head were studied by solvent extraction method.The effects of ratio of material to solvent,volume fraction of ethanol,extraction time and extraction times on the extraction of phospholipids were researched by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment with phospholipids purity as index to obtain the optimal extraction process of phospholipids from shrimp head. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of phospholipids from shrimp head were obtained as follows: ratio of material to solvent 1∶ 6,volume fraction of ethanol 90%,extraction time 6 h and extraction twice. Under these conditions,the phospholipids purity in shrimp head extract was45. 81%. The process had advantages of simple,less pollution and high extraction efficiency,which provided an effective way for the high value utilization of low-value-added seafood byproducts.
In order to make full use of the byproducts of shrimp processing,the optimal process and influencing factors of extraction phospholipids from shrimp head were studied by solvent extraction method.The effects of ratio of material to solvent,volume fraction of ethanol,extraction time and extraction times on the extraction of phospholipids were researched by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment with phospholipids purity as index to obtain the optimal extraction process of phospholipids from shrimp head. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of phospholipids from shrimp head were obtained as follows: ratio of material to solvent 1∶ 6,volume fraction of ethanol 90%,extraction time 6 h and extraction twice. Under these conditions,the phospholipids purity in shrimp head extract was45. 81%. The process had advantages of simple,less pollution and high extraction efficiency,which provided an effective way for the high value utilization of low-value-added seafood byproducts.
引文
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[14]袁延强,侯海荣,王希敏,等.分光光度法测定鱿鱼生殖腺提取物中总磷脂[J].现代药物与临床,2011,26(1):63-65.
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[2]王湘,魏芳,吕晰,等.磷脂分析方法与应用研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2015,17(2):141-150.
[3]路英军,杨福明.大豆磷脂的应用及展望[J].科技信息,2007(18):291,424.
[4]吕名蕊,吕名秀,蔡春明,等.注射级大豆磷脂提取工艺的研究[J].中国油脂,2010,35(9):59-62.
[5]ALONZO F,VIRTUE P,NICOL S,et al.Lipids as trophic markers in Antarctic krill.II.Lipid composition of the body and digestive gland of Euphausia superba in controlled conditions[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2005,296:65-79.
[6]吕晴,隋晓,刘坤,等.太平洋磷虾磷脂提取工艺研究及脂肪酸组成分析[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(15):236-240.
[7]王琦,薛长湖,徐杰,等.HPLC-ELSD法测定几种水产品卵及生殖腺中磷脂的组成[J].分析仪器,2012(5):18-22.
[8]郝颖,汪之和.EPA、DHA的营养功能及其产品安全性分析[J].现代食品科技,2006,22(3):180-183.
[9]赵静,姜国良,田丹.常见海产动物磷脂研究进展[J].食品工业,2011(10):86-89.
[10]杨洋.虾头的综合开发利用研究进展[J].齐鲁渔业,2005,22(1):34-35.
[11]CAO W H,ZHANG C H,HONG P Z,et al.Autolysis of shrimp head by gradual temperature and nutritional quality of the resulting hydrolysate[J].LWT-Food Sci Technol,2009,42(1):244-249.
[12]GUERARD F,SUMAYA-MARTINEZ M T,LAROQUE D,et al.Optimization of free radical scavenging activity by response surface methodology in the hydrolysis of shrimp processing discards[J].Process Biochem,2007,42(11):1486-1491.
[13]边晶晶,谢晶,陈舜胜.南美白对虾虾头中磷脂提取工艺的优化[J].食品科学,2011,32(24):11-16.
[14]袁延强,侯海荣,王希敏,等.分光光度法测定鱿鱼生殖腺提取物中总磷脂[J].现代药物与临床,2011,26(1):63-65.
[15]陈文娟,陈丽娇.大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂提取及磷脂成分分析[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2012,41(4):498-502.