我国刺参养殖产业发展现状与对策研究
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摘要
在国家政策的正确引导和支持下,随着国民经济的持续增长和人民生活水平的不断提高,我国刺参养殖产业获得了前所未有的大发展,刺参已经成为海水养殖业的支柱性经济品种之一。分析了刺参养殖产业的发展现状,从全国传统主产区、南移养殖区的养殖状况和技术应用水平等方面深入剖析了产业发展的结构与格局,指出了当前刺参养殖产业存在的问题和不足,并在此基础上提出了以"五大发展理念"为指导,通过加强宏观调控、建立健全法律法规与标准体系、构建良种资源和病害防控体系、重视科技人才培养和加快新技术应用等具体发展策略,推动和促进"新常态"下我国刺参养殖产业的可持续健康发展。
Under the correct guidance and support of national policy,the Apostichopus japonicus culture industry of China achieved an unprecedented development,with the growth of national economy and improvement of people's living standard.A.japonicus has been one of the pillar economic species of Chinese mariculture industry.This paper analyzed the development status of A.japonicus culture industry,dissected the structure and pattern of industry development,from the aspects of culture states of nationwide,traditional producing regions,southward-culture regions and technology application levels,and pointed out the current problems and shortages of A.japonicus culture industry.On this basis,followed "Five Development Concepts " as guide,depended on the development countermeasures that tightening macro-control,perfecting the systems of laws,regulations and standards,building the systems of seed resources and disease controls,enhancing scientific talents cultivation and accelerating new technology application etc.to realize and promote the sustainable and healthy development of A.japonicus culture industry of China under the "new normal".
Under the correct guidance and support of national policy,the Apostichopus japonicus culture industry of China achieved an unprecedented development,with the growth of national economy and improvement of people's living standard.A.japonicus has been one of the pillar economic species of Chinese mariculture industry.This paper analyzed the development status of A.japonicus culture industry,dissected the structure and pattern of industry development,from the aspects of culture states of nationwide,traditional producing regions,southward-culture regions and technology application levels,and pointed out the current problems and shortages of A.japonicus culture industry.On this basis,followed "Five Development Concepts " as guide,depended on the development countermeasures that tightening macro-control,perfecting the systems of laws,regulations and standards,building the systems of seed resources and disease controls,enhancing scientific talents cultivation and accelerating new technology application etc.to realize and promote the sustainable and healthy development of A.japonicus culture industry of China under the "new normal".
引文
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[5]常亚青,丁君,宋坚,等.海参、海胆生物学研究与养殖[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004,27-29.
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[9]高菲.刺参营养成分、食物来源及消化生理的季节变化[D].山东青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,博士学位论文,2008.Gao F.Seasonal variations of nutritional composition,food resources,and digestive physiology in sea cucumber[D].Shandong Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Doctor Dissertation,2008.
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[22]吴杨镝.辽宁海参养殖业形势分析(下)[J].科学养鱼,2016(12):1-2.
[23]李成林,宋爱环,胡炜,等.山东省刺参养殖产业现状分析与可持续发展对策[J].渔业科学进展,2010,31(4):126-133.Li C L,Song A H,Hu W,et al..Status analysis a d sustainable development strategy of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka aquaculture indutry in Shandong province[J].Prog.Fish.Sci.,2010,31(4):126-133.
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[26]近期国内海参市场持续升温[EB/OL].http://www.haishennet.cn/a/003311.html,2016-11-22.
[27]农业部渔业渔政管理局.全国渔业发展第十三个五年规划[EB/OL].http://www.moa.gov.cn/sjzz/yzjzw/yyywyzj/201702/t20170220_5488731.htm,2017-02-20.
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[30]江国强.刺参南移养殖技术探讨[J].现代渔业信息,2008,23(9):24-25.
[31]刘常标,游岚.福建省刺参养殖产业发展现状与对策[J].福建水产,2013,35(1):64-67.Liu C B,You L.Situation and countermeasure of sea cucumber culturing industry in Fujian province[J].J.Fujian Fish.,2013,35(1):64-67.
[32]宁波市质量技术监督局.刺参南移吊笼养殖技术规范[EB/OL].http://www.cnnbzj.com/cn/bzgs/5289.html,2014-03-13.
[33]黄华伟,王印庚.海参养殖现状、存在问题与前景展望[J].中国水产,2007(10):50-53.
[34]常亚青,隋锡林,李俊.刺参增养殖业现状、存在问题与展望[J].水产科学,2006,25(4):198-201.Chang Y Q,Sui X L,Li J.The current situation,problem and prospect on the Apostichoupus japonicus aquaculture[J].Fish.Sci.,2006,25(4):198-201.
[35]张春云,王印庚,荣小军,等.国内外海参自然资源、养殖状况及存在问题[J].海洋水产研究,2004,25(3):89-97.Zhang C Y,Wang Y G,Rong X J,et al..Natural resources,culture and problems of sea cucumber world wide[J].Marine Fish.Res.,2004,25(3):89-97.
[36]姜森颢,周一兵,唐伯平,等.刺参养殖池塘初级生产力及其粒级结构周年变化[J].生态学报,2014,34(7):1698-1706.Jiang S H,Zhou Y B,Tang B P,et al..Annual variations of the primary productivity and its size-fractioned structure in culture ponds of Apostichopus japonicus Selenka[J].Acta Ecol.Sin.,2014,34(7):1698-1706.
[37]于瑞海,李琪,燕会东,等.无公害刺参稳产健康养殖新技术[J].海洋湖沼通报,2007(4):157-160.Yu R H,Li Q,Yan H D,et al..Non social effects of pullution,high yield and heal the culture technique of the sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)[J].Trans.Oceanol.Limnol.,2007(4):157-160.
[38]杜佳垠.刺参增养殖现状与发展[J].北京水产,2005(3):4-5.
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