连云港市海洋资源环境承载力评估研究
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摘要
选取连云港沿海3个县(区)为评价单元,以邻近海域为评价对象,通过对岸线、海域开发强度、渔业资源综合承载指数、海洋功能区水质达标率、海洋生态承载指数、无居民海岛开发强度和生态状况7项指标测算,开展海域空间资源、海洋渔业资源、海洋生态环境和海岛资源环境四项要素的基础评价研究,按照"基础评价—专项评价—过程评价"相结合的思路,采用"短板效应法"确定县(区)海域的超载和预警等级。结果表明,3个县(区)的综合承载类型均为"超载",预警等级均为"重警"。海水环境超载、部分岸线开发强度较高和个别无居民岛生态状况退化是影响连云港市邻近海域海洋资源环境承载力水平的超载因子。最后,从现实状况和评价标准优化两方面对超载因子展开成因分析并给出相应的对策建议。
Taking three coastal districts of Lianyungang city as research units and adjacent sea areas as evaluation objectives,this essay analyzed the development intensity of both coastline and sea area,the fishery resources comprehensive bearing index,marine functional zones sea water quality standard rate,marine ecological carrying index and the intensity of the development of the islands with no residents. This essay carried out basic environmental research of marine space resources,marine fishery resources,marine ecological environment and island resources,and combining the method of‘basic evaluation-special evaluation-progress evaluation,'adopted the buffet effect evaluation method to divide sea level of overload and early warning of districts. The results showed that comprehensive bearing types of the three districts were "overload"and the warning level reached "severe warning". The main factors which affected the Lianyungang marine resources environmental bearing capacity were sea water quality overloading,high strength of some coastline development and ecological degradation of several no residents' islands. After all,this essay analyzed the overload factors from the reality and assessment standard,and provided the corresponding strategies and suggestions.
Taking three coastal districts of Lianyungang city as research units and adjacent sea areas as evaluation objectives,this essay analyzed the development intensity of both coastline and sea area,the fishery resources comprehensive bearing index,marine functional zones sea water quality standard rate,marine ecological carrying index and the intensity of the development of the islands with no residents. This essay carried out basic environmental research of marine space resources,marine fishery resources,marine ecological environment and island resources,and combining the method of‘basic evaluation-special evaluation-progress evaluation,'adopted the buffet effect evaluation method to divide sea level of overload and early warning of districts. The results showed that comprehensive bearing types of the three districts were "overload"and the warning level reached "severe warning". The main factors which affected the Lianyungang marine resources environmental bearing capacity were sea water quality overloading,high strength of some coastline development and ecological degradation of several no residents' islands. After all,this essay analyzed the overload factors from the reality and assessment standard,and provided the corresponding strategies and suggestions.
引文
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[4]连云港市地方志办公室.连云港年鉴2017[M].北京:方志出版社,2017.
[5]国家发展和改革委员会.资源环境承载能力监测预警技术方法(试行)[R].北京:海洋出版社,2016.
[6]关道明,张志锋,杨正先,等.海洋资源环境承载能力理论与测度方法的探索[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(9):1241-1247.
[7]吴以桥,钱春泰.江苏沿海开发中的海洋环境保护[J].环境保护,2010(14):53-55.
[8]江苏省海洋与渔业局.2016年江苏海洋环境质量公报[R].南京:江苏省海洋与渔业局,2016.
[9]江苏省海洋与渔业局.江苏省海岛保护规划(2011-2020)[R].南京:江苏省海洋与渔业局,2013.
[10]杨正先,张志锋,韩建波,等.海洋资源环境承载能力超载阈值确定方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):313-319.
[11]孙欢.海洋资源环境承载力研究——以渤海湾天津近岸海域为例[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2017.
[12]李洋.钦州茅尾海资源环境承载力研究[D].桂林:广西师范学院,2016.
[13]黄苇,谭映宇,张平.渤海湾海洋资源、生态和环境承载力评价[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(6):101-109.
[14]曹可,张志锋,马红伟,等.基于海洋功能区划的海域开发利用承载力评价——以津冀海域为例[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):320-326.
[15]孙芳芳,叶友华,喻本德,等.广东大鹏半岛资源环境承载力评估研究[J].生态科学,2014,33(6):1194-1199.
[16]吕雪松.上海市无居民海岛生态承载力评价[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2016.