海水浇灌对不同品种火龙果扦插苗生长和若干生理指标的影响
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摘要
为明确海水胁迫对火龙果生长生理的影响,以不同品种火龙果(‘帝龙’、‘红龙’、‘紫蜜龙’和‘白龙’)为研究对象,研究了海水(浓度为0、10%、20%和30%)浇灌下不同品种火龙果生长指标和生理特征的变化。结果表明:(1)海水浇灌下4个品种火龙果地上部鲜重均表现为减小趋势,但10%海水浇灌可显著增加‘帝龙’的株高增加量。(2)与淡水相比,海水浇灌下4个品种火龙果地上部和根部K+/Na+均呈不同程度下降趋势,当海水浓度为30%时,与其他3个品种相比,‘帝龙’地上部和根部K+/Na+下降幅度最小。(3)4个品种火龙果地上部可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、CAT活性和SOD活性随海水浓度增加均呈先上升后下降趋势。其中,20%海水处理下,‘帝龙’可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量和CAT活性上升幅度均高于其他品种。可见,低浓度海水胁迫下,火龙果表现出一定耐盐性,且‘帝龙’耐盐性相对较好。
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of seawater irrigation on the growth and physiological characteristics of different cultivars of Hylocereus undatus(Dilong, Honglong, Zimilong and Bailong). Four treatments with 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of seawater concentration were employed. The results showed that:( 1) The fresh shoot weight tendencies of the 4 cultivars of H. undatus declined when seawater concentration increased, but the height addation of Dilong significantly increased when irrigated 10% seawater;(2) The K+/Na+ratios in shoot and root of H. undatus decreased with increasing seawater concentrations. Dilong displayed that K+/Na+ratios in shoot and root decreased less than other cultivars when irrigated with 30% seawater;(3) The contents of soluble sugar and proline increased first and then decreased as concentrations of the seawater increased, so as the activities of CAT and SOD. Dilong displayed that soluble sugar and proline contents, and CAT activities in shoot increased most when seawater concentration was 20%. Therefore, H. undatus withstood salt stress when suffered low concentration of seawater stress, and Dilong displayed better.
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of seawater irrigation on the growth and physiological characteristics of different cultivars of Hylocereus undatus(Dilong, Honglong, Zimilong and Bailong). Four treatments with 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of seawater concentration were employed. The results showed that:( 1) The fresh shoot weight tendencies of the 4 cultivars of H. undatus declined when seawater concentration increased, but the height addation of Dilong significantly increased when irrigated 10% seawater;(2) The K+/Na+ratios in shoot and root of H. undatus decreased with increasing seawater concentrations. Dilong displayed that K+/Na+ratios in shoot and root decreased less than other cultivars when irrigated with 30% seawater;(3) The contents of soluble sugar and proline increased first and then decreased as concentrations of the seawater increased, so as the activities of CAT and SOD. Dilong displayed that soluble sugar and proline contents, and CAT activities in shoot increased most when seawater concentration was 20%. Therefore, H. undatus withstood salt stress when suffered low concentration of seawater stress, and Dilong displayed better.
引文
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[21]刘正祥,张华新,杨秀艳,等.Na Cl胁迫下沙枣幼苗生长和阳离子吸收、运输与分配特征[J].生态学报,2014,34(2):326-336.
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[29]韩宇,生艳菲,罗茜,等.药用红花幼苗对盐胁迫的生理响应机制[J].生态学杂志,2014,3(7):1 833-1 838.
[30]杨素欣,王振镒.盐胁迫下小麦愈伤组织生理生化特性的变化[J].西北农业大学学报,1999,27(2):48-52.
[31]刘凤岐,刘杰淋,朱瑞芬,等.4种燕麦对Na Cl胁迫的生理响应及耐盐评价[J].草业学报,2015,24(1):183-189.
[32]周泉澄,华春,周峰,等.毕氏海蓬子和盐角草幼苗抗氧化酶与渗透物质对海水浇灌的适应性研究[J].中国草地学报,2010,32(5):101-105.
[2]徐鹏程,冷翔鹏,刘更森,等.盐碱土改良利用研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(5):293-298.
[3]沈根祥,杨建军,黄沈发,等.塑料大棚盐渍化土壤灌水洗盐对水环境污染负荷的研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(1):124-128.
[4]李刚,张乃明,毛昆明,等.大棚土壤盐分积累特征与调控措施[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(3):44-47.
[5]陈影影,符跃鑫,张振克,等.中国滨海盐碱土治理相关专利技术评述[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(11):279-285.
[6]郑良永,曹启民,夏炜林.海南岛黄流镇土壤盐渍化的成因与改良措施初探[J].热带农业科学,2005,25(3):26-30.
[7]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会编.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1999,52(1):283-283.
[8]蔡永强,陈家龙,向青云,等.火龙果营养成分分析[J].经济林研究,2008,26(4):53-56.
[9]郑伟,王彬,蔡永强,等.Na Cl胁迫对火龙果种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2008,27(1):82-84.
[10]袁亚芳,陈明贤,陈清西,等.Na Cl胁迫对火龙果扦插苗若干生理生化指标的影响[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(7):1 256-1 260.
[11]袁亚芳,陈明贤,陈清西,等.不同品种火龙果耐盐差异性研究[J].热带作物学报,2013,34(1):92-97.
[12]宋达思,胡思敏.我国沿海滩涂资源的开发利用[J].水土保持通报,1983,4:32-35.
[13]郑春芳,陈琛,彭益全,等.海水养殖废水灌溉对碱蓬和海蓬子生长和品质的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(4):663-669.
[14]王宝山.逆境植物生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[15]王东明,贾媛,崔继哲.盐胁迫对植物的影响及植物盐适应性研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(4):124-128.
[16]朱义,谭贵娥,何池全,等.盐胁迫对高茅草(Festuca arundinacea)幼苗生长和离子分布的影响[J].生态学报,2007,20(12):5 447-5 454.
[17]隆小华,刘兆普,王磷,等.半干旱地区海涂海水灌溉对不同品系菊芋产量构成及离子分布的影响[J].土壤学报,2007,44(2):300-306.
[18]杨淑萍,危常州,梁永超.盐胁迫对海岛棉不同基因型幼苗生长及生理生态特征的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(9):2 322-2 331.
[19]李春俭.高级植物营养学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2015.
[20]姜琳,王有婧,周薇,等.植物抵抗盐胁迫的生理机制[J].北方园艺,2016,(23):190-194.
[21]刘正祥,张华新,杨秀艳,等.Na Cl胁迫下沙枣幼苗生长和阳离子吸收、运输与分配特征[J].生态学报,2014,34(2):326-336.
[22]赵春梅,崔继哲,金荣荣.盐胁迫下植物体内保持高K+/Na+比率的机制[J].东北农业大学学报,2012,43(7):155-160.
[23]张金林,李惠茹,郭姝媛,等.高等植物适应盐逆境研究进展[J].草业学报,2015,24(12):220-236.
[24]寇伟锋,刘兆普,郑宏伟.海水胁迫对向日葵妙棋生长及矿质营养吸收特征的影响[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(5):521-525.
[25]刘洪燕,郑青松,刘兆普,等.海水胁迫对苦荬菜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J].植物学报,2010,45(1):73-78.
[26]包云飞,李颖邦,粟盛颖,等.盐胁迫对马铃薯试管苗生理生化特征的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2013,13:24-27.
[27]Liang Y C,Chen Q,Liu Q,et al.Exogenous silicon(Si)increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2003,160(10):1 157-1 164.
[28]胡兴旺,金杭霞,朱丹华.植物抗旱耐盐机理的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(24):137-142.
[29]韩宇,生艳菲,罗茜,等.药用红花幼苗对盐胁迫的生理响应机制[J].生态学杂志,2014,3(7):1 833-1 838.
[30]杨素欣,王振镒.盐胁迫下小麦愈伤组织生理生化特性的变化[J].西北农业大学学报,1999,27(2):48-52.
[31]刘凤岐,刘杰淋,朱瑞芬,等.4种燕麦对Na Cl胁迫的生理响应及耐盐评价[J].草业学报,2015,24(1):183-189.
[32]周泉澄,华春,周峰,等.毕氏海蓬子和盐角草幼苗抗氧化酶与渗透物质对海水浇灌的适应性研究[J].中国草地学报,2010,32(5):101-105.