基于有限元法的不同带槽球面轴承结构的对比分析
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摘要
为进一步优化最佳带槽的球面轴承结构,建立螺旋槽和环形槽球面轴承模型,应用有限元软件分析球面轴承槽数目和槽半径对球面轴承力学性能的影响。结果表明:对于螺旋槽球面轴承,随螺旋槽槽数增大,最大应力和体积应变值都增大,随螺旋槽半径增大,最大应力值减小,而最大体积应变值则增大,螺旋槽槽数和半径太大或太小时,都易使轴承位移量增大;对于环形槽球面轴承,其最大位移量随槽数和半径的增大而增大,最大应力和体积应变量随着槽数目增大及槽半径的减小而增大;螺旋槽球面轴承的最大位移、最大应力和体积应变量大于环形槽球面轴承,但环形槽球面轴承的位移分布变化较快且范围大,压力分布不均匀,多次出现压力峰值,容易造成应力集中现象;对比环形槽球面轴承,槽数为5、半径为2.5 mm的螺旋槽球面轴承最大位移量最小,形变位置分布相对合理。
In order to further optimize the structure of spherical bearing with groove,the model of spiral groove and annular groove bearing was established,and the influence of the number of spherical bearing grooves and groove radius on the mechanical properties of spherical bearings was analyzed by using finite element software.The results show that,for the spherical bearing with spiral groove,the maximum stress and volumetric strain are increased with the increasing of the number of spiral grooves,while the maximum stress value is decreased and the maximum volume strain value is increased with the increasing of the radius of spiral groove.The displacement of spiral groove spherical bearings is easy to be increased when the number and radius of spiral grooves are too large or too small.For the the spherical bearing with annular groove,the maximum displacement is increased with the increasing of groove number and radius,and the maximum stress and volume strain are increased with the increasing of groove number and the decreasing of groove radius.The maximum displacement,maximum stress and volume strain of the spiral groove spherical bearing are larger than those of the annular groove spherical bearing,but the displacement distribution of the annular groove spherical bearing changes rapidly and has a large range,the pressure distribution is uneven,and the pressure peaks appear many times,easily causing stress concentration phenomenon.Compared with the annular groove spherical bearing,the spiral groove spherical bearing with groove number of 5 and radius of 2.5 mm has the smallest maximum displacement,and relatively reasonable distribution of deformation.
In order to further optimize the structure of spherical bearing with groove,the model of spiral groove and annular groove bearing was established,and the influence of the number of spherical bearing grooves and groove radius on the mechanical properties of spherical bearings was analyzed by using finite element software.The results show that,for the spherical bearing with spiral groove,the maximum stress and volumetric strain are increased with the increasing of the number of spiral grooves,while the maximum stress value is decreased and the maximum volume strain value is increased with the increasing of the radius of spiral groove.The displacement of spiral groove spherical bearings is easy to be increased when the number and radius of spiral grooves are too large or too small.For the the spherical bearing with annular groove,the maximum displacement is increased with the increasing of groove number and radius,and the maximum stress and volume strain are increased with the increasing of groove number and the decreasing of groove radius.The maximum displacement,maximum stress and volume strain of the spiral groove spherical bearing are larger than those of the annular groove spherical bearing,but the displacement distribution of the annular groove spherical bearing changes rapidly and has a large range,the pressure distribution is uneven,and the pressure peaks appear many times,easily causing stress concentration phenomenon.Compared with the annular groove spherical bearing,the spiral groove spherical bearing with groove number of 5 and radius of 2.5 mm has the smallest maximum displacement,and relatively reasonable distribution of deformation.
引文
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[2]李争,孙克军,王群京,等.一种多自由度电机三维磁场分析及永磁体设计[J].电机与控制学报,2012,16(7):65-71.LI Z,SUN K J,WANG Q J,et al.3D magnetic field analysis and permanent magnet design of a M-DOF motor[J].Electric Machines and Control,2012,16(7):65-71.
[3]李争,聂雅盟,薛增涛,等.液质悬浮式三自由度电机电磁特性的计算分析[J].电机与控制学报,2017,21(4):44-52.LI Z,NIE Y M,XUE Z T,et al.Calculation and analysis of the electromagnetic characteristics of a liquid suspension threedegree-of-freedom Motor[J].Electric Machines and Control,2017,21(4):44-52.
[4]ONER Y,ALTINTAS A.Computer aided design and 3D magneto-static analysis of a permanent magnet spherical motor[J].Journal of Applied Science,2007,7(22):3400-3409.
[5]邢殿辉.液质悬浮式混合驱动多自由度永磁电机的设计与分析[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2016.
[6]LESLIE R.Lubricant additives:chemistry and applications[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,2010.
[7]LIN X,JIANG S,ZHANG C,et al.Thermohydrodynamic analysis of high speed water-lubricated spiral groove thrust bearing considering effects of cavitation,inertia and turbulence[J].Tribology International,2018,119:645-658.
[8]汪久根,陈芳华,陈李果,等.螺旋槽轴承研究综述[J].润滑与密封,2017,42(3):1-7.WANG J G,CHEN F H,CHEN L G,et al.A review on groove bearings[J].Lubrication Engineering,2017,42(3):1-7.
[9]HIRS G G.The load capacity and stability characteristics of hy-drodynamic grooved journal bearing[J].ASLE Transactions,1965,8(3):296-305.
[10]MUIJDERMAN E A.Analysis and design of spiral-groove bearings[J].Journal of Lubrication Technology,1967,89(3):291-305.
[11]律辉,王优强,卢宪玖,等.基于Ansys的不同螺旋槽艉轴承的结构静力分析[J].润滑与密封,2014,39(3):57-62.LV H,WANG Y Q,LU X J,et al.The static structural analysis of the various spiral groove stern bearing based on Ansys[J].Lubrication Engineering,2014,39(3):57-62.
[12]律辉.海水润滑船舶艉轴承沟槽结构的有限元分析[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2014.
[13]律辉,王优强,刘昺丽,等.基于有限元法不同螺旋槽橡胶艉轴承静态接触分析[J].船舶力学,2015(1/2):106-114.LV H,WANG Y Q,LIU Y L,et al.Static contact analysis of different spiraling groove of rubber stern bearing based on FEM[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2015(1/2):106-114.
[14]王建,王优强,王涛,等.基于有限元法不同型腔结构艉轴承的力学性能分析[J].机电设备,2016,33(3):1-4.WANG J,WANG Y Q,WANG T,et al.Mechanical properties of different stern bearing cavity structures based on FEM analysis[J].Electromechanical Equipment,2016,33(3):1-4.
[15]李振宇,蒋丹,尹忠慰.导水槽结构对水润滑滑动轴承水膜压强影响分析[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2012,38(5):509-513.LI Z Y,JIANG D,YIN Z W.Effect analysis of grooves on water film pressure distribution of water-lubricated bearings[J].Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science),2012,38(5):509-513.
[16]董荣荣,王宏.Solidworks2011中文版工业设计案例实战[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011.