海洋信道随机性引起的船舶噪声线谱衰减
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摘要
阐述准周期性随机声脉冲序列作为船舶噪声模型的普适性,侧重讨论船舶噪声准周期性随机声脉冲序列所产生的线谱经随机海洋信道传输后的变化。指出在大多数工况下,船舶噪声并不是以几种不同频率的加性正弦波直接叠加在宽带连续谱噪声上,而是一类本身并不含有任何有限强度加性正弦波分量的信号。研究结果表明:海洋信道多途效应引起船舶噪声脉冲序列信号时域上时延扩展;海洋信道的随机性使船舶噪声随机声脉冲序列信号准周期性下降,导致船舶噪声线谱相对幅度"额外"快速衰减,对于存在大范围不均匀水团的海洋信道,50 km传播距离上其介质随机起伏引起的船舶噪声线谱"额外"衰减最高可达11 dB。海洋信道随机性引起的船舶噪声线谱衰减不可忽视。
The universality of quasi-periodic random sound pulse sequence ship noise model is elaborated.The focus is on studying changes of line-spectra produced by quasi-periodic random sound pulse sequence after transmission in random inhomogeneous ocean channel.It is pointed out that under most working conditions,ship noise is not the superposition of several different frequency additive sine waves and the broadb and continuous spectrum noise directly,but is a kind of signal itself without containing any limited strength additivesinusoidal components.It is shown that the ocean channel multipath effect causes time delay extension of shipnoise pulse sequence signal,and the random inhomogeneity of the ocean channel makes the quasi-periodicity downturn of ship noise random sound pulse sequence signal,and can lead to ship noise line-spectrum "extra" attenuation.For the ocean channel with a wide range non-uniform watermass,the random inhomogeneity of water medium can cause ship noise line-spectrum "extra" attenuation of up to 11 dB on the propagation distance of 50 km.
The universality of quasi-periodic random sound pulse sequence ship noise model is elaborated.The focus is on studying changes of line-spectra produced by quasi-periodic random sound pulse sequence after transmission in random inhomogeneous ocean channel.It is pointed out that under most working conditions,ship noise is not the superposition of several different frequency additive sine waves and the broadb and continuous spectrum noise directly,but is a kind of signal itself without containing any limited strength additivesinusoidal components.It is shown that the ocean channel multipath effect causes time delay extension of shipnoise pulse sequence signal,and the random inhomogeneity of the ocean channel makes the quasi-periodicity downturn of ship noise random sound pulse sequence signal,and can lead to ship noise line-spectrum "extra" attenuation.For the ocean channel with a wide range non-uniform watermass,the random inhomogeneity of water medium can cause ship noise line-spectrum "extra" attenuation of up to 11 dB on the propagation distance of 50 km.
引文
1李启虎等.浅海波导中目标辐射噪声干涉条纹的理论分析.声学学报,2011;36(3):253-257
2余赟,惠俊英.基于波导不变量的目标运动参数估计及被动测距.声学学报,2011;36(3):258-264
3孙军平等.多源多途船舶辐射噪声场及浅海声源级测量仿真.声学技术,2013;32(4,Pt.2):443-446
4吴国清.背景噪声中检测船舶辐射噪声的周期性调制的性能估算.声学学报,1982;7(4):222-231
5吴国清,王美刚,陈耀明.水声波导中包络线谱强度数值预报.声学学报,2012;37(4):432-439
6 Wu Guoqing et al.Numerical predection of envelope linespectrum intensity in underwater acoustic waveguide.Chinese Journal of Acoustics,2013;32(3):241-253
7程玉胜等.船舶辐射噪声解调谱相位耦合特性和应用.声学学报,2012;37(1):25-29
8程玉胜,王易川,史广智,惠俊英.基于现代信号处理技术的船舶噪声信号DOMEN分析.声学技术,2006(1)
9蒋国健.舰船螺旋桨空化泡噪声理论模型.第三届全国声学会议论文摘要,上海,1982
10蒋国健等.船舶噪声不同窄带包络间相关.声学学报,2002;27(5):425-428
11蒋国健,林建恒等.船舶螺旋桨空泡噪声的数理模型.声学学报,1998;23(5):401-408
12 Jiang Guojian,Lin Jianheng et al.A model of propeller noise for high-speed ship.Inter-Noise 1999:1741-1746,Fort Lauderdale,Florida,USA.
13谢骏,笪良龙,唐帅.船舶螺旋桨噪声建模与仿真研究.兵工学报,2012;34(3):1000-1093
14苏晓乐,张明敏.浅海中船舶噪声非均匀调制特征分析.声学技术,2012;31(4):385-388
15 Coetzer M W,Lourens J G.Signal processing techniques to analyze and simulate radiated underwater ship noise,Proc of NATO ASI on Underwater,(D.Reidel Publishing Co.),Boston 1984
16 Hinich M J,Marandino D.Sullivan E J.Bispectrum of shipradiated noise.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,1989;85:1512-1517
17乌立克R.J.著,洪申译.工程水声原理.北京:国防工业出版社,1972
18 Clark P,Kirsteins I,Atlas L.Multiband analysis for colored amplitude-modulated ship noise.ICASSP,2010:3970-3973
19 Colin,M K G D,Groen J.Passive synthetic aperture sonar techniques in combination with tow ship noise canceling:application to a triplet towed array.OCEANS'02MTS/IEEE,2012;4:2302-2309
20 Val Veirs,Scott Veirs,Jason Wood.Shipping noise signatures.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2011;129(4):2368
21 Firat U,Akgul T.Spectral estimation of cavitation related narrow-band ship radiated noise based on fractional lower order statistics and multiple signal classification.OceansSan Diego,2013:1-6
22 Yann Le Gall,Julien Bonel.Separation of moving ship striation patterns using physics-based filtering.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(5):3527
23 Baxa B M,D'spain G L at el.Comparison of statistics of controlled source tones and single ship noise in the deep ocean.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(5):3346
24 Lani S W,Sabra KG et al.Coherent processing of shipping noise for ocean monitoring.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(2):EL108-113
25 Knobles D P,Koch R A,Sagers J D,Stotts S A.Geoacoustic inversion of noise radiated by surface ships.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;134(5):4150
26杨作升,郭志刚等.黄、东海毗邻海域悬浮体与水团的对应关系及影响因素.中国海洋大学学报,1991;21(3):55-69
27于非,张志欣等.黄海冷水团演变过程及其与邻近水团关系的分析.海洋学报,2006;28(5):26-34
2余赟,惠俊英.基于波导不变量的目标运动参数估计及被动测距.声学学报,2011;36(3):258-264
3孙军平等.多源多途船舶辐射噪声场及浅海声源级测量仿真.声学技术,2013;32(4,Pt.2):443-446
4吴国清.背景噪声中检测船舶辐射噪声的周期性调制的性能估算.声学学报,1982;7(4):222-231
5吴国清,王美刚,陈耀明.水声波导中包络线谱强度数值预报.声学学报,2012;37(4):432-439
6 Wu Guoqing et al.Numerical predection of envelope linespectrum intensity in underwater acoustic waveguide.Chinese Journal of Acoustics,2013;32(3):241-253
7程玉胜等.船舶辐射噪声解调谱相位耦合特性和应用.声学学报,2012;37(1):25-29
8程玉胜,王易川,史广智,惠俊英.基于现代信号处理技术的船舶噪声信号DOMEN分析.声学技术,2006(1)
9蒋国健.舰船螺旋桨空化泡噪声理论模型.第三届全国声学会议论文摘要,上海,1982
10蒋国健等.船舶噪声不同窄带包络间相关.声学学报,2002;27(5):425-428
11蒋国健,林建恒等.船舶螺旋桨空泡噪声的数理模型.声学学报,1998;23(5):401-408
12 Jiang Guojian,Lin Jianheng et al.A model of propeller noise for high-speed ship.Inter-Noise 1999:1741-1746,Fort Lauderdale,Florida,USA.
13谢骏,笪良龙,唐帅.船舶螺旋桨噪声建模与仿真研究.兵工学报,2012;34(3):1000-1093
14苏晓乐,张明敏.浅海中船舶噪声非均匀调制特征分析.声学技术,2012;31(4):385-388
15 Coetzer M W,Lourens J G.Signal processing techniques to analyze and simulate radiated underwater ship noise,Proc of NATO ASI on Underwater,(D.Reidel Publishing Co.),Boston 1984
16 Hinich M J,Marandino D.Sullivan E J.Bispectrum of shipradiated noise.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,1989;85:1512-1517
17乌立克R.J.著,洪申译.工程水声原理.北京:国防工业出版社,1972
18 Clark P,Kirsteins I,Atlas L.Multiband analysis for colored amplitude-modulated ship noise.ICASSP,2010:3970-3973
19 Colin,M K G D,Groen J.Passive synthetic aperture sonar techniques in combination with tow ship noise canceling:application to a triplet towed array.OCEANS'02MTS/IEEE,2012;4:2302-2309
20 Val Veirs,Scott Veirs,Jason Wood.Shipping noise signatures.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2011;129(4):2368
21 Firat U,Akgul T.Spectral estimation of cavitation related narrow-band ship radiated noise based on fractional lower order statistics and multiple signal classification.OceansSan Diego,2013:1-6
22 Yann Le Gall,Julien Bonel.Separation of moving ship striation patterns using physics-based filtering.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(5):3527
23 Baxa B M,D'spain G L at el.Comparison of statistics of controlled source tones and single ship noise in the deep ocean.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(5):3346
24 Lani S W,Sabra KG et al.Coherent processing of shipping noise for ocean monitoring.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(2):EL108-113
25 Knobles D P,Koch R A,Sagers J D,Stotts S A.Geoacoustic inversion of noise radiated by surface ships.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;134(5):4150
26杨作升,郭志刚等.黄、东海毗邻海域悬浮体与水团的对应关系及影响因素.中国海洋大学学报,1991;21(3):55-69
27于非,张志欣等.黄海冷水团演变过程及其与邻近水团关系的分析.海洋学报,2006;28(5):26-34