不同焊接方法下440 MPa级海洋工程用钢焊接接头组织和力学性能研究
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摘要
使用CO_2气体保护焊和手工电弧焊对16 mm厚的440 MPa级海洋工程用钢板进行了对接试验,对比了两种焊接方法下焊接接头的组织和力学性能。结果表明,CO_2气体保护焊焊缝组织主要为针状铁素体、侧板条铁素体和少量残余奥氏体,而手工电弧焊的焊缝组织主要为针状铁素体、粒状贝氏体以及少量残余奥氏体,两者热影响区粗晶区组织均为板条结构;气体保护焊焊缝的硬度低于手工焊的,且其接头硬度分布更不均匀;相对于手工电弧焊,气体保护焊焊缝强度较高,塑性较差,-40℃下的冲击功远低于手工电弧焊的;两者冲击断口均为准解理断口形貌,但手工焊断口有许多延性脊,改善了韧性。
The butt welding tests of 440 MPa grade marine engineering steel plate with thickness of 16 mm were carried out by using CO_2 gas shielded arc welding and manual arc welding. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints under the two welding methods were compared. The results show that the weld microstructure of CO_2 gas shielded welding is mainly acicular ferrite, side lath ferrite and a small amount of retained austenite, while the weld microstructure of manual arc welding is mainly acicular ferrite, granular bainite and a small amount of retained austenite. The microstructure of the two coarse grain heat affected zones is slab structure. The weld hardness of gas shielded arc welding is lower than that of manual arc welding, and the hardness distribution of the welded joint is more uneven. Compared with manual arc welding, the weld of gas shielded arc welding has higher strength and poorer plasticity, and the impact energy at-40℃ is much lower than that of manual arc welding. Both the impact fractures are quasi cleavage fracture, but there are many ductile ridges in the manual welding fracture, which improves the toughness.
The butt welding tests of 440 MPa grade marine engineering steel plate with thickness of 16 mm were carried out by using CO_2 gas shielded arc welding and manual arc welding. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints under the two welding methods were compared. The results show that the weld microstructure of CO_2 gas shielded welding is mainly acicular ferrite, side lath ferrite and a small amount of retained austenite, while the weld microstructure of manual arc welding is mainly acicular ferrite, granular bainite and a small amount of retained austenite. The microstructure of the two coarse grain heat affected zones is slab structure. The weld hardness of gas shielded arc welding is lower than that of manual arc welding, and the hardness distribution of the welded joint is more uneven. Compared with manual arc welding, the weld of gas shielded arc welding has higher strength and poorer plasticity, and the impact energy at-40℃ is much lower than that of manual arc welding. Both the impact fractures are quasi cleavage fracture, but there are many ductile ridges in the manual welding fracture, which improves the toughness.
引文
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[3]宋伟,王桂芳,李松,等.945钢韧化工艺研究[J].热加工工艺,1998,27(5):9-12.
[4]刘培晟,郑赞,傅炳起.SF-36E药芯焊丝和GY945实芯焊丝的比较试验研究[C]//第九次全国焊接会议论文集(第2册).1999.
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[6]郭振,温永红,胡水平,等.F40高强船板钢组织中针状铁素体形成及细化机制研究[J].热加工工艺,2008,37(2):38-41.
[7]罗虹,刘家浚.残余奥氏体对GCr15钢强韧性的影响[J].热加工工艺,1993,22(5):14-17.
[8]朱莎莎,曹睿,冯伟,等.980 MPa高强钢焊接接头薄弱环节的确定[J].焊接学报,2011,32(3):77-80.
[9]上海交通大学.金属断口分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1979.
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