水产种质资源保护区的生态系统服务价值评估——以北部湾为例
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摘要
水产种质资源保护区是养护水产种质资源及其栖息地,保护生物多样性的重要措施,具有重要的生态服务价值。以北部湾二长棘鲷长毛对虾国家级水产种质资源保护区为例,在现场调查的基础上,利用市场价值法、影子工程法、旅行费用法等开展了水产种质资源保护区生态系统主要服务价值评估。结果表明:2008年北部湾二长棘鲷长毛对虾国家级水产种质资源保护区的生态系统服务功能的总价值为836087.52万元,平均单位面积的服务价值为7321.26万元·hm-2;在总服务价值中,供给服务(食品供给和原材料供给)为585078.42万元,占保护区总服务价值的69.98%;调节服务价值和文化服务价值分别为182680.00万元和68329.10万元,分别占保护区总服务价值的21.85%和8.17%;突出了保护区对维系北部湾生物产出和沿海社会经济发展的重要作用,提出了建立水产种质保护区生态服务价值评价标准、加强基础理论研究和加快建立生态补偿机制等建议。
Aquatic germplasm resources conservation zone plays vital roles in protecting aquatic biodiversity,aquatic germplasm resources and their habitats,having great value of ecosystem services.Taking the National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Zone for Paragyrops edita and Penaeus penicillatus in the Beibu Gulf of South China as a case,and based on field investigation,an evaluation was made on the total value of ecosystem services(VES) of this conservation zone by the methods of market value,shadow project,and travel cost,etc.The total VES of the Conservation Zone in 2008 amounted to 836087.52×104 $,with an average VES per unit area of 7321.26×104 $·hm-2.Among all the service function types,the value of provision service was 585078.42×104 $,occupying 69.98% of the total VES,and those of regulation service and culture service were 182680.00×104 $ and 68329.10×104 $,occupying 21.85% and 8.17% of the total,respectively.The large value of the ecosystem services indicated the vital role of the Conservation Zone in maintaining the biological production of Beibu Gulf and in promoting the sustainable economic development of the surrounding areas of the Gulf.Some suggestions were made on the construction of the criteria of ecosystem services value evaluation,strengthening of related basic theoretical research,and acceleration of the establishment of ecological compensation mechanisms for aquatic germplasm resources conservation zone.
Aquatic germplasm resources conservation zone plays vital roles in protecting aquatic biodiversity,aquatic germplasm resources and their habitats,having great value of ecosystem services.Taking the National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Zone for Paragyrops edita and Penaeus penicillatus in the Beibu Gulf of South China as a case,and based on field investigation,an evaluation was made on the total value of ecosystem services(VES) of this conservation zone by the methods of market value,shadow project,and travel cost,etc.The total VES of the Conservation Zone in 2008 amounted to 836087.52×104 $,with an average VES per unit area of 7321.26×104 $·hm-2.Among all the service function types,the value of provision service was 585078.42×104 $,occupying 69.98% of the total VES,and those of regulation service and culture service were 182680.00×104 $ and 68329.10×104 $,occupying 21.85% and 8.17% of the total,respectively.The large value of the ecosystem services indicated the vital role of the Conservation Zone in maintaining the biological production of Beibu Gulf and in promoting the sustainable economic development of the surrounding areas of the Gulf.Some suggestions were made on the construction of the criteria of ecosystem services value evaluation,strengthening of related basic theoretical research,and acceleration of the establishment of ecological compensation mechanisms for aquatic germplasm resources conservation zone.
引文
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黄鹄,胡自宁,陈新庚,等.2006.基于遥感和GIS相结合的广西海岸线时空变化特征分析.热带海洋学报,25(1):66-70.
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王伟,陆健健.2005.生态系统服务功能分类与价值评估探讨.生态学杂志,24(11):1314-1316.
王保栋,陈爱萍,刘峰.2003.海洋中Redfield比值的研究.海洋科学进展,21(2):232-235.
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袁华荣,陈丕茂,贾晓平,等.2011.北部湾东北部游泳生物资源现状.南方水产科学,7(3):31-38.
曾江宁,陈全震,高爱根.2005.海洋生态系统服务功能与价值评估研究进展.海洋开发与管理,(4):114-118.
张朝晖,叶属峰,朱明远.2007.典型海洋生态系统服务及价值评估.北京:海洋出版社.
张继红,方建光,唐启升.2005.中国浅海贝藻养殖对海洋碳循环的贡献.地球科学进展,20(3):359-365.
赵同谦,欧阳志云,王效科,等.2003.中国陆地地表水生态系统服务功能及其生态经济价值评价.自然资源学报,18(4):443-452.
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中华人民共和国农业部渔业局.2009.2009年中国渔业统计年鉴.北京:中国农业出版社.
宗文君,蒋德明,阿拉木萨.2006.生态系统价值评估的研究进展.生态学杂志,25(2):212-217.
Brannlund R.1999.The Swedish green tax commission//Green Taxes:Economic Theory and Empirical Evidencefrom Scandinavia.Edward Elgar Publishing Limited:2332.
Costanza R,d’Arge R,de Groot R,et al.1997.The value ofthe world’s ecosystem services and natural capital.Nature,387:253-260.
Duarte CM.2000.Marine biodiversity and ecosystem services:An elusive link.Journal of Experimental Marine Biologyand Ecology,250:117-131.
Reid WV,Mooney HA,Cropper A,et al.2005.MillenniumEcosystem Assessment:Ecosystems and Human Well-being-Synthesis.Washington DC:Island Press.
邓培雁,刘威.2007.湛江红树林湿地价值评估.生态经济,(6):126-128,133.
杜平,章远新.2004.21世纪初广西海洋产业发展研究.北京:海洋出版社.
广西壮族自治区海洋局.2009.2008年广西壮族自治区海洋环境质量公报[R/OL].[2009-08-14].http://www.coi.gov.cn/hygb/dfhjzl/2008/gx/200908/20090814_6425.Html.
韩秋影,黄小平,施平,等.2007.广西合浦海草床生态系统服务功能价值评估.海洋通报,26(3):33-38.
黄鹄,胡自宁,陈新庚,等.2006.基于遥感和GIS相结合的广西海岸线时空变化特征分析.热带海洋学报,25(1):66-70.
李晓,张锦玲,林忠.2010.罗源湾生态系统服务功能价值评估研究.海洋环境科学,29(3):401-405.
李纯厚,齐占会,黄洪辉,等.2010.海洋碳汇研究进展及南海碳汇渔业发展方向探讨.南方水产,6(6):81-86.
李琼珍,胡梦红.2011.广西北海中国鲎资源现状以及保育工作进展.海洋环境科学,30(1):131-134.
刘慧,唐启升.2011.国际海洋生物碳汇研究进展.中国水产科学,18(3):695-702.
刘立明.2011.水产种质资源保护区建设成效显著.中国水产,(1):28.
潘怡,叶属峰,刘星,等.2009.南麂列岛海域生态系统服务及价值评估研究.海洋环境科学,28(2):176180.
潘文斌,唐涛,邓红兵,等.2002.湖泊生态系统服务功能评估初探——以湖北保安湖为例.应用生态学报,13(10):1315-1318.
齐占会,王珺,黄洪辉,等.2012.广东省海水养殖贝藻类碳汇潜力评估.南方水产科学,8(1):30-35.
乔延龙,陈作志,林昭进.2008.北部湾春、秋季渔业生物群落结构的变化.中国水产科学,15(5):816-821.
王伟,陆健健.2005.生态系统服务功能分类与价值评估探讨.生态学杂志,24(11):1314-1316.
王保栋,陈爱萍,刘峰.2003.海洋中Redfield比值的研究.海洋科学进展,21(2):232-235.
吴瑞贞,马毅.2008.近20a南海赤潮的时空分布特征及原因分析.海洋环境科学,27(1):30-32.
杨文波,李继龙,冯庚菲,等.2011.国家级水产种质资源保护区划定状况研究.中国渔业经济,29(5):165171.
袁华荣,陈丕茂,贾晓平,等.2011.北部湾东北部游泳生物资源现状.南方水产科学,7(3):31-38.
曾江宁,陈全震,高爱根.2005.海洋生态系统服务功能与价值评估研究进展.海洋开发与管理,(4):114-118.
张朝晖,叶属峰,朱明远.2007.典型海洋生态系统服务及价值评估.北京:海洋出版社.
张继红,方建光,唐启升.2005.中国浅海贝藻养殖对海洋碳循环的贡献.地球科学进展,20(3):359-365.
赵同谦,欧阳志云,王效科,等.2003.中国陆地地表水生态系统服务功能及其生态经济价值评价.自然资源学报,18(4):443-452.
中华人民共和国农业部渔业局.2007.水产种质资源保护区划定工作规范(试行)[EB/OL].[2008-04-24].http://2010jiuban.agov.cn/xxgkgzdt/20080424_1027627.htm
中华人民共和国农业部渔业局.2009.2009年中国渔业统计年鉴.北京:中国农业出版社.
宗文君,蒋德明,阿拉木萨.2006.生态系统价值评估的研究进展.生态学杂志,25(2):212-217.
Brannlund R.1999.The Swedish green tax commission//Green Taxes:Economic Theory and Empirical Evidencefrom Scandinavia.Edward Elgar Publishing Limited:2332.
Costanza R,d’Arge R,de Groot R,et al.1997.The value ofthe world’s ecosystem services and natural capital.Nature,387:253-260.
Duarte CM.2000.Marine biodiversity and ecosystem services:An elusive link.Journal of Experimental Marine Biologyand Ecology,250:117-131.
Reid WV,Mooney HA,Cropper A,et al.2005.MillenniumEcosystem Assessment:Ecosystems and Human Well-being-Synthesis.Washington DC:Island Press.