水平轴式海流发电装置的设计研究
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摘要
为了提升海流能发电装置的的能量转换效率,研发了一种水平轴式S形叶轮海流发电装置。采用升力法设计叶轮结构,建立CATIA模型并开发了模具,以便于大规模的加工叶轮。设计了9槽8极绕组水下防腐永磁发电机,并进行了发电机系统结构的设计。导流罩的线性选择使得海流速度增加14%~23%,但流速过大又造成了装置不稳定。通过工程样机海上试验,验证了永磁发电机的发电性能,同时检测了发电装置实验阶段的防水及防腐效果。轮机在流速达到0.32 m/s时即实现无负载自起动。在海水流速为2.5 m/s时,轮机的获能功率可达到1 150 W;在海水流速为2 m/s左右的海况下,轮机的实际获能功率在900 W上下,获能效率最高为32%,提高了能量的转换效率。
In order to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of marine current power generation device,a horizontal-axial marine current power generation device equipped with S-shaped impeller is developed. The impeller structure is designed with lifting-line method,for which CATIA model is established and the relevant mould is developed,so as to manufacture the impeller on a large scale. A 9-slot/8-pole winding under-water connective anti-corrosive permanent magnet generator is designed,while the design of the structure of the generator system is made as well. The linear selection of the guide diffuser makes the current velocity increased by 14% ~ 23%,but the over-large velocity makes the generation device instability. Through the marine experiment of the engineering prototype,the generating performance of the permanent magnet generator is verified,while the water proof and anti-corrosive effects of the generation device during the experimental phase are tested as well. The no-load self-starting of the turbine for the power generation is realized at a flow rate of 0. 32 m/s. When the seawater flow rate is 2. 5 m/s,the energy-yielding power can reach to 1 150 W,while the actual energy-yielding power is to be about 900 W under the sea state with the seawater flow rate of about 2 m/s,of which the maximum energy-yielding efficiency is 32%,and then the energy conversion efficiency is enhanced.
In order to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of marine current power generation device,a horizontal-axial marine current power generation device equipped with S-shaped impeller is developed. The impeller structure is designed with lifting-line method,for which CATIA model is established and the relevant mould is developed,so as to manufacture the impeller on a large scale. A 9-slot/8-pole winding under-water connective anti-corrosive permanent magnet generator is designed,while the design of the structure of the generator system is made as well. The linear selection of the guide diffuser makes the current velocity increased by 14% ~ 23%,but the over-large velocity makes the generation device instability. Through the marine experiment of the engineering prototype,the generating performance of the permanent magnet generator is verified,while the water proof and anti-corrosive effects of the generation device during the experimental phase are tested as well. The no-load self-starting of the turbine for the power generation is realized at a flow rate of 0. 32 m/s. When the seawater flow rate is 2. 5 m/s,the energy-yielding power can reach to 1 150 W,while the actual energy-yielding power is to be about 900 W under the sea state with the seawater flow rate of about 2 m/s,of which the maximum energy-yielding efficiency is 32%,and then the energy conversion efficiency is enhanced.
引文
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[3]MICHAEL J D,ROGER A R,GRAHAM R D.Potential impact of large-scale tidal power developments in the upper bay of fundy on fisheries resources of the northwest atlantic[J].Fisheries,1986,11(4):26-35.
[4]TIAN L,SU M M.Bidirectional axial fan design method of research[J].Fan technology,2010(5):32-34,39.
[5]李景银,魏百锁,李超俊.可用于木材干燥轴流风机的新型翼型实验研究[J].林产工业,1997,24(4):8-10.
[6]汤方平,刘超,周济人,等.“S”翼型叶片双向轴流泵设计[J].水泵技术,2002(5):11-13.
[7]耿在明,郑源,陈创新,等.双向贯流泵叶轮设计与装置模型试验[J].水泵技术,2005(4):3-5.
[8]关醒凡.泵的理论与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[9]张克危.流体机械原理(上册)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[10]何希杰,劳学苏.轴流泵叶轮翼型升力系数的影响参数及其排序[J].河北工程技术高等专科学校学报,2014(1):1-3.
[11]徐松,王海峰,潘洪军,等.低启动转矩直驱型潮流能发电机关键参数分析与研究[J].海洋技术学报,2016,35(5):95-99.
[12]吴霞.低流速潮流能捕获机构导流装置性能研究[D].太原:太原科技大学,2014.