南渡江河口水体氢氧同位素特征及对台风“海鸥”的响应
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摘要
夏季亚热带地区频繁的台风天气对河口水体环境具有重要影响。以2014年台风"海鸥"过境前后在南渡江河口地区的水文要素现场观测资料,分析了台风降雨前后南渡江河口地区的水体同位素组成特征和变化规律。研究表明:大气降水是控制台风"海鸥"期间河水氢氧同位素的主要因素,其主要来源为热带太平洋地区输送的水汽。台风"海鸥"过后,降雨补给变少,温度升高,蒸发作用加强,氢氧同位素值有所升高。台风带来的大量河流淡水资源入海改变了河口水体环境,使得潮流界向河口后退,水体混合强烈,口门外形成咸淡水锋面。此次观测研究将有助于认识台风对亚热带地区中小河流河口水循环过程的影响。
Frequent summer typhoon in subtropical regions brings significant impacts on water environment in estuaries.Based on the in-situ hydrographic observation in 2014,this paper portrays the characteristics and changes of water H-O isotope compositions in the Nandu River Estuary during the typhoon Kalmaegi.Results show that atmospheric precipitation,which is mainly derived from the water vapor transported from the tropical Pacific,is the main factor controlling the compositions of the H-O isotope in the typhoon period.After the typhoon,evaporation is strengthened with the decrease in rainfall and increase in temperature,and as the results,the contents of H-O isotopes are increased in water.The large amount of fresh water brought in by the Typhoon Kalmaegi will certainly bring in changes in the estuarine environment.The tidal current limit will move towards the river mouth,water mix strongly,and brackish water front form outside the river mouth.This study provides observational evidence for understanding the impact of typhoon on the water cycle of small-medium rivers in subtropical regions.
Frequent summer typhoon in subtropical regions brings significant impacts on water environment in estuaries.Based on the in-situ hydrographic observation in 2014,this paper portrays the characteristics and changes of water H-O isotope compositions in the Nandu River Estuary during the typhoon Kalmaegi.Results show that atmospheric precipitation,which is mainly derived from the water vapor transported from the tropical Pacific,is the main factor controlling the compositions of the H-O isotope in the typhoon period.After the typhoon,evaporation is strengthened with the decrease in rainfall and increase in temperature,and as the results,the contents of H-O isotopes are increased in water.The large amount of fresh water brought in by the Typhoon Kalmaegi will certainly bring in changes in the estuarine environment.The tidal current limit will move towards the river mouth,water mix strongly,and brackish water front form outside the river mouth.This study provides observational evidence for understanding the impact of typhoon on the water cycle of small-medium rivers in subtropical regions.
引文
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[18]庞洪喜,何元庆,张忠林,等.季风降水中δ^18 O与季风水汽来源[J].科学通报,2005,50(20):2263-2266.[PANG Hongxi,HE Yuanqing,ZHANG Zhonglin,et al.The source ofδ18 O in Monsoon precipition and rain water[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(20):2263-2266.]
[19]陈伟斌,黄荣成,屈梅芳,等.快速台风“海鸥”强度、路径特点及成因分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(26):200-209.[CHEN Weibin,HUANG Rongcheng,QU Meifang,et al.Analysis of intensity,track characteristics and causes of fast moving typhoon“Kalmaegi”[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(26):200-209.]
[20]陈中笑,程军,郭品文,等.中国降水稳定同位素的分布特点及其影响因素[J].大气科学学报,2010,33(6):667-679.[CHEN Zhongxiao,CHENG Jun,GUO Pinwen,et al.Distribution characters and its control factors of stable isotope in precipitation over China[J].Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences,2010,33(6):667-679.]
[21]Ye F,Deng W,Xie L,et al.Surface waterδ18 O in the marginal China seas and its hydrological implications[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,2014,147:25-31.
[2]Dansgaard W.Stable isotopes in precipitation[J].Tellus,1964,16(4):436-468.
[3]丁悌平,高建飞,石国钰,等.长江水氢、氧同位素组成的时空变化及其环境意义[J].地质学报,2013,87(5):661-676.[DING Tiping,GAO Jianfei,SHI Guoyu,et al.Spacial and temporal variations of H isotope compositions of the Yangtze River water and their environmental implications[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2013,87(5):661-676.]
[4]高建飞,丁悌平,罗续荣,等.黄河水氢、氧同位素组成的空间变化特征及其环境意义[J].地质学报,2011,85(4):596-602.[GAO Jianfei,DING Tiping,LUO Xurong,et al.δD andδ18 O variations of water in the Yellow River and its environmental signigicance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2011,85(4):596-602.]
[5]李小飞,张明军,王圣杰,等.黄河流域大气降水氢、氧稳定同位素时空特征及其环境意义[J].地质学报,2013,87(2):269-277.[LI Xiaofei,ZHANG Mingjun,WANG Shengjie,et al.Spatial an temporal variations of Hydrogen and Oxygen isotopes in precipitation in the Yellow River Basin and its environmental significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2013,87(2):269-277.]
[6]Kai D,Yang S,Lian E,et al.Three Gorges Dam alters the Changjiang(Yangtze)river water cycle in the dry seasons:Evidence from H-O isotopes[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,562:89-97.
[7]Li C,Yang S,Lian E,et al.Damming effect on the Changjiang(Yangtze River)river water cycle based on stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic records[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2016,165:125-133.
[8]Zhang J,Letolle R,Martin J M,et al.Stable oxygen isotope distribution in the Huanghe(Yellow River)and the Changjiang(Yangtze River)estuarine systems[J].Continental Shelf Research,1990,10(4):369-384.
[9]赵军鹏,龚文平,王道儒.海南岛南渡江河口的盐水入侵[J].海洋学报,2013,35(5):14-28.[ZHAO Junpeng,GONG Wenping,WANG Daoru,et al.Saline intrusion in the Nandu River estuary,Hainan Island[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2013,35(5):14-28.]
[10]龚文平,吴家信,莫李帅.用EOF方法分析海口湾东部浅滩区的泥沙来源与泥沙运动[J].泥沙研究,2004(1):63-69.[GONG Wenping,WU Jiaxin,MO Lishuai,et al.Using EOF method to analyze the sediment source and transport in the east shallow area of Haikou bay[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2004(1):63-69.]
[11]谢华亮,戴志军,吴莹,等.海南岛南渡江河口动力沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2014,32(5):884-892.[XIE Hualiang,DAI Zhijun,WU Ying,et al.Sedimentation dynamic modes of the Nandujiang Estuary,Hainan Island[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2014,32(5):884-892.]
[12]陈斌,高飞,印萍,等.南渡江河口洪、枯季节水文泥沙变化特征及台风“海鸥”对入海水沙的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2015,46(6):1279-1291.[CHEN Bin,GAO Fei,YIN Ping,et al.Variations in hydrodynamics and sedimentation in flood and dry seasons and impact of typhoon kalmaegi on rounoff and sediment discharge in Nandu River Estuary[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2015,46(6):1279-1291.]
[13]吴创收,杨世伦,罗向欣,等.近四十年南渡江水下三角洲的冲淤变化及其主控原因[J].海洋科学进展,2011,29(3):339-345.[WU Chuangshou,YANG Shilun,LUO Shilun,et al.Erosion and accretion of the Nandu River underwater Delta during 1963—2003[J].Advances in Marine Science,2011,29(3):339-345.]
[14]罗宪林,李春初,罗章仁.海南岛南渡江三角洲的废弃与侵蚀[J].海洋学报,2000(3):55-60.[LUO Xianlin,LI Chunchu,LUO Zhangren,et al.Erosion and abandonment of the Nandu River Delta,Hainan Island[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2000(3):55-60.]
[15]李瑞娴,李龙兵,李海朋,等.南渡江入海径流量变化及其影响因素[J].水力发电,2015(8):13-16,57.[LI Ruixian,LI Longbing,LI Haipeng,et al.Study on variation and influencing factors of discharge into the sea from Nandu River[J].Water Power,2015(8):13-16,57.]
[16]龚文平,王道儒,赵军鹏,等.海南岛南渡江河口枯季大小潮的盐度变化特征[J].海洋通报,2012(6):621-629.[GONG Wenping,WANG Daoru,ZHAO Junpeng,et al.Salinity variability during spring-neap tidal cycle in the Nandu River Estuary of Hainan Island in the dry season[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2012(6):621-629.]
[17]陈静生,王忠.海南岛雨水、河水、地下水氢氧稳定同位素特征及其关系[J].地理科学,1993,13(3):273-278.[CHEN Jingsheng,WANG Zhong.A study on stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in rain water,river water and groundwater from Hainan Island of China[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,1993,13(3):273-278.]
[18]庞洪喜,何元庆,张忠林,等.季风降水中δ^18 O与季风水汽来源[J].科学通报,2005,50(20):2263-2266.[PANG Hongxi,HE Yuanqing,ZHANG Zhonglin,et al.The source ofδ18 O in Monsoon precipition and rain water[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(20):2263-2266.]
[19]陈伟斌,黄荣成,屈梅芳,等.快速台风“海鸥”强度、路径特点及成因分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(26):200-209.[CHEN Weibin,HUANG Rongcheng,QU Meifang,et al.Analysis of intensity,track characteristics and causes of fast moving typhoon“Kalmaegi”[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(26):200-209.]
[20]陈中笑,程军,郭品文,等.中国降水稳定同位素的分布特点及其影响因素[J].大气科学学报,2010,33(6):667-679.[CHEN Zhongxiao,CHENG Jun,GUO Pinwen,et al.Distribution characters and its control factors of stable isotope in precipitation over China[J].Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences,2010,33(6):667-679.]
[21]Ye F,Deng W,Xie L,et al.Surface waterδ18 O in the marginal China seas and its hydrological implications[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,2014,147:25-31.