不同种植方式对紫花苜蓿生产性状及饲用品质的影响
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摘要
为探讨海河平原区不同种植方式对紫花苜蓿生产性状及饲用品质的影响。于2013-2016年开展了田间试验研究,在等播量条件下设置了10cm行距条播、20cm行距条播、30cm行距条播、20-40cm宽窄行条播以及撒播共5种种植方式处理,分析了株高、叶茎比、干草产量、倒伏级数、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量、粗蛋白含量、相对饲用价值等指标的变化规律。结果表明,不同种植方式下苜蓿的株高、叶茎比在相同年份、相同茬次下均无显著差异(P>0.05);20-40cm宽窄行条播下苜蓿第1茬干草产量显著低于30cm行距条播(P<0.05),但苜蓿前2茬干草产量、累计3年干草产量与30cm行距条播无显著差异(P>0.05);不同种植方式下苜蓿的饲用品质指标无显著差异(P<0.05);20-40cm宽窄行条播以及30cm行距条播下的苜蓿倒伏相对较轻。综合得出,海河平原区采用撒播,10cm至30cm的等行距条播,以及20-40cm宽窄行条播的种植方式均可,具体可根据实际情况而定。
To eplore the effects of different planting methods on the production traits and forage quality for alfalfa in Haihe Plain.Field experiments were conducted in 2013 to 2016 by setting different row space,including 10 cm row space,20 cm row space,30 cm row space,20-40 cm wide and narrow row sowing and spreading under the same amount of seeding The variation of plant height,leaf-to-stem ratio,hay yield,loding drage,neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),crude protein and relative feed value,were analyzed.The results showed that there were no significant differences in plant height,leaf-tostem ratio in the same year and same cutting under the different planting mehods(P>0.05).The hay yield of 1 st cutting with 20-40 cm row space treatment was significant lower than 30 cm row space(P<0.05).However,the first two cutting hay yield,total hay yield of the 20-40 cm row space were significant higher than that of in 30 cm row space treatment(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in forage quality under the different planting pattern treatment(P>0.05).The lodging of the 20-40 cm row space and 30-30 cm row space treatment were relatively light.According to the comprehensive results,all the planting pattern with broadcast seeding,equal row sapcing of 10 cm to 30 cm,and wide and narrow row of 20-40 cm will be suitable for cultivation in haihe plain,which depend on the actual situation.
To eplore the effects of different planting methods on the production traits and forage quality for alfalfa in Haihe Plain.Field experiments were conducted in 2013 to 2016 by setting different row space,including 10 cm row space,20 cm row space,30 cm row space,20-40 cm wide and narrow row sowing and spreading under the same amount of seeding The variation of plant height,leaf-to-stem ratio,hay yield,loding drage,neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),crude protein and relative feed value,were analyzed.The results showed that there were no significant differences in plant height,leaf-tostem ratio in the same year and same cutting under the different planting mehods(P>0.05).The hay yield of 1 st cutting with 20-40 cm row space treatment was significant lower than 30 cm row space(P<0.05).However,the first two cutting hay yield,total hay yield of the 20-40 cm row space were significant higher than that of in 30 cm row space treatment(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in forage quality under the different planting pattern treatment(P>0.05).The lodging of the 20-40 cm row space and 30-30 cm row space treatment were relatively light.According to the comprehensive results,all the planting pattern with broadcast seeding,equal row sapcing of 10 cm to 30 cm,and wide and narrow row of 20-40 cm will be suitable for cultivation in haihe plain,which depend on the actual situation.
引文
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[22]王莹,段学义,张胜昌,等.紫花苜蓿播种密度对草产量及其他生物学性状的影响[J].草业科学,2011,28(7):1400-1402
[2]景媛媛,贺翔,徐长林,等.覆膜种植方式对东祁连山区苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响[J].草地学报,2018,26(2):321-329
[3]康爱民.半干旱山区膜侧沟播苜蓿建植生产性能评析[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(12):313-314
[4]曹宏,韩雍,方刚.陇东地区紫花苜蓿播种技术试验[J].草业科学,2013,30(2):238-244
[5]李松阳,马玉寿,李世雄,等.不同播种方法对中苜1号紫花苜蓿生产性能的影响[J].青海大学学报,2017,35(6):9-13
[6]Bellettini S,Rosolem CA,Valerio M A.Alfalfa yield as affected by row spacing and plant population[J].Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira,1997,32(12):1273-1280
[7]唐永昌.紫花苜蓿条播与撒播对产草量影响的对比试验研究[J].当代畜牧,2013(17):21-22
[8]孙仕仙,毛华明,毕玉芬.苜蓿栽培试验研究[J].现代农业科技,2009(11):210-211
[9]刘东霞,刘贵河,杨志敏.种植及收获因子对紫花苜蓿干草产量和茎叶比的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(3):48-57
[10]柴凤久,刘泽东,尤海洋.松嫩平原苜蓿高产栽培技术研究[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(4):32-35
[11]赵萍,赵功强,马莉.半干旱地区苜蓿旱作播种技术研究[J].作物杂志,2010(1):100-102
[12]魏永鹏,南丽丽,于闯,等.种植密度和行距配置对紫花苜蓿群体产量及品质的影响[J].草业科学,2017,34(9):1898-1905
[13]刘贵波,乔仁甫,赵海明,等.黑龙港地区紫花苜蓿的适宜播种期研究[J].草业科学,2007,24(7):30-33
[14]赵海明,武瑞鑫,李源,等.紫花苜蓿不同茬次及年际间生产性能的动态规律[J].草地学报,2016,24(6):1349-1357
[15]谢楠,刘振宇,冯伟,等.沧州地区29个紫花苜蓿品种生产性能评价[J].河北农业科学,2016,20(6):19-26
[16]秦文利,刘忠宽,智建飞,等.河北省紫花苜蓿生产技术规程[J].草业科学,2008,25(6):67-71
[17]张铁军,龙瑞才,赵忠祥,等.河北地区紫花苜蓿品种的生产性能比较研究[J].中国草地学报,2018,40(3):35-42
[18]罗向光,蒙洋,李运起,等.20个紫花苜蓿品种在河北地区的适应性评价[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(5):44-50
[19]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007
[20]Van Soest P J,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74,3583-3597
[21]Rohweder D A,Barnes R F,Jorgensen N.Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality[J].Animal Science,1978,47,747-759
[22]王莹,段学义,张胜昌,等.紫花苜蓿播种密度对草产量及其他生物学性状的影响[J].草业科学,2011,28(7):1400-1402