与蔊菜属间杂交产生的甘蓝型油菜新材料的抗旱性综合评价
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摘要
通过远缘杂交将蔊菜的抗逆性状转移到甘蓝型油菜中,对油菜种质创新研究具有重要意义。本研究以生产上应用的抗旱性存在差异的3个甘蓝型油菜品种为对照,采用盆栽模拟干旱胁迫的方法,对15份与蔊菜属间杂交产生的甘蓝型油菜新材料进行苗期抗旱性综合评价。结果显示:1苗期干旱胁迫严重抑制油菜植株生长,使得苗高变矮,全展叶数和绿叶数减少,叶片萎蔫,生物量下降;干旱对植株鲜重影响最为严重,其次是苗高和叶片萎蔫程度。2通过主成分分析和隶属函数法,将全展叶数、绿叶率、未萎蔫叶片率、苗高、根长、地上部分鲜重、根鲜重、植株总鲜重、地上部分干重、根干重和植株总干重等11个性状指标值转化成单一的综合评价值(D值),客观、科学、准确地对参试的18份材料进行了综合评价,为甘蓝型油菜苗期抗旱性评价提供了方法参考。3抗旱性综合评价结果显示,4份新材料的D值(0.541~0.737)高于高抗旱性品种中双9号(0.538),聚类得到的高抗旱性类群的7份材料中新材料占6份。说明通过与蔊菜远缘杂交获得的新材料对甘蓝型油菜的抗旱性有了较为明显的改良和提高。
Transfering resistance of Rorippa indica into Brassica napus through wide crosses is very important to germplasm innovation research of rapeseeds.Taking three B.napus cultivars with different drought resistance as the control,drought resistance of 15 novel B.napus germplasm derived from intergeneric hybridization with R.indica were evaluated comprehensively in seedling period by using simulated drought stress in plastic pots.The results showed that:( i) drought stress in seedling period seriously restrained rape plant growth,resulting in shorter plant,less number of leaves and green leaves,leaf wilting and biomass decreased.Effects of drought on fresh weight of plant were most serious compared to the seedling height and leaf wilting.( ii) Through principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis,11 character indexes,including number of leaves,ratio of green and non wilting leaves,seedling height,root length,fresh weight of plant upside,root and the whole plant,dry weight of plant upside,root and the whole plant,were transformed into a single comprehensive evaluation value( D value),which accurately provided comprehensive evaluation for 18 materials,also provided method reference for B.napus drought tolerance evaluation in seedling period.( iii) Comprehensive evaluation results showed D value of 4 novel germplasm( 0.541- 0.737) were higher than Zhongshuang No.9( 0.538) with high drought resistance,Cluster analysis showed novel germplasm accounted for 6 in 7 materials with high drought resistance,which indicated that novel germplasm from wide cross with R.indica obviously improved drought resistance of B.napus.
Transfering resistance of Rorippa indica into Brassica napus through wide crosses is very important to germplasm innovation research of rapeseeds.Taking three B.napus cultivars with different drought resistance as the control,drought resistance of 15 novel B.napus germplasm derived from intergeneric hybridization with R.indica were evaluated comprehensively in seedling period by using simulated drought stress in plastic pots.The results showed that:( i) drought stress in seedling period seriously restrained rape plant growth,resulting in shorter plant,less number of leaves and green leaves,leaf wilting and biomass decreased.Effects of drought on fresh weight of plant were most serious compared to the seedling height and leaf wilting.( ii) Through principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis,11 character indexes,including number of leaves,ratio of green and non wilting leaves,seedling height,root length,fresh weight of plant upside,root and the whole plant,dry weight of plant upside,root and the whole plant,were transformed into a single comprehensive evaluation value( D value),which accurately provided comprehensive evaluation for 18 materials,also provided method reference for B.napus drought tolerance evaluation in seedling period.( iii) Comprehensive evaluation results showed D value of 4 novel germplasm( 0.541- 0.737) were higher than Zhongshuang No.9( 0.538) with high drought resistance,Cluster analysis showed novel germplasm accounted for 6 in 7 materials with high drought resistance,which indicated that novel germplasm from wide cross with R.indica obviously improved drought resistance of B.napus.
引文
[1]杨春杰,张学昆,邹崇顺,等.PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对不同甘蓝型油菜品种萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2007,29(4):425-430.
[2]谢小玉,张兵,张霞,等.干旱胁迫下油菜消减文库的构建与分析[J].作物学报,2013,39(4):744-752.
[3]杨春杰,程勇,邹崇顺,等.模拟干旱胁迫下不同甘蓝型油菜品种发芽能力的配合力与遗传效应分析[J].作物学报,2008,34(10):1744-1749.
[4]卢坤,张琳,曲存民,等.利用RNA-Seq鉴定甘蓝型油菜叶片干旱胁迫应答基因[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(4):630-645.
[5]于澄宇,徐会善,王成军.不同油菜品种(系)在严重干旱条件下越冬能力及保苗方法效果的比较[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(10):65-69.
[6]Richards R A.Genetic analysis of drought stress response in rapeseed(Brassica campestris and B.napus).I.Assessment of environments for maximum selection response in grain yield[J].Euphytica,1978,27(2):609-615.
[7]朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
[8]李真,梅淑芳,梅忠,等.甘蓝型油菜DH群体苗期抗旱性的评价[J].作物学报,2012,38(11):2108-2114.
[9]胡承伟,张学昆,邹锡玲,等.PEG模拟干旱胁迫下甘蓝型油菜的根系特征与抗旱性[J].中国油料作物学报,2013,35(1):48-53.
[10]Richards R A,Thurling N.Genetic analysis of drought stress response in rapeseed(Brassica campestris and B.Napus).III.physiological characters[J].Euphytica,1979,28(3):755-759.
[11]蒙祖庆,宋丰萍,刘振兴,等.干旱及复水对油菜苗期光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2012,34(1):40
[12]白鹏,冉春艳,谢小玉.干旱胁迫对油菜蕾薹期生理特性及农艺性状的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3566-3576.
[13]谢小玉,张霞,张兵.油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱性相关指标变化分析[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(3):476-485.
[14]Richards R A,Thurling N.Geneticanalysis of drought stress response in rapeseed(Brassica campestris and B.Napus).II.Yield improvement and the application of selection indices[J].Euphytica,1979,28(1):169-177.
[15]原小燕,符明联,何晓莹.不同抗旱性油菜种子萌发期抗旱性指标比较研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(5):77-81.
[16]李震,杨春杰,张学昆,等.PEG胁迫下甘蓝型油菜品种(系)种子发芽耐旱性鉴定[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(4):438-442.
[17]涂玉琴,戴兴临,涂伟凤,等.芽期PEG模拟干旱胁迫下不同基因型甘蓝型油菜的反应差异研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(6):213-221.
[18]郭雪松,唐章林.PEG胁迫下42个油菜品种(系)耐旱性的评价[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(10):1-7.
[19]Li Z,Mei S F,Mei Z,et al.Mapping of QTL associated with waterlogging tolerance and drought resistance during the seedling stage in oilseed rape(Brassica napus)[J].Euphytica,2014,197(3):341-353.
[20]荐红举,肖阳,李加纳,等.利用SNP遗传图谱定位盐、旱胁迫下甘蓝型油菜种子发芽率的QTL[J].作物学报,2014,40(4):629-635.
[21]王丹丹,唐章林,荆蓉蓉,等.甘蓝型油菜遗传图谱构建及苗期耐旱相关性状的QTL定位[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(7):8-16.
[22]王景娜,高勇,安金玲,等.油菜一个WRKY基因对盐胁迫和干旱胁迫的表达响应[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2010,47(1):197-201.
[23]徐明月,肖庆生,张学昆,等.油菜干旱相关基因的表达及其与耐旱生理指标的相关性[J].中国油料作物学报,2013,35(5):557-563.
[24]Yang M G,Yang Q Y,Fu T D,et al.Overexpression of the Brassica napus Bn LAS gene in Arabidopsis affects plant development and increases drought tolerance[J].Plant Cell Reports,2011,30(3):373-388.
[25]熊任香,涂伟凤,涂玉琴,等.甘蓝型油菜与蔊菜远缘杂交后代抗旱性鉴定及综合评价[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(12):1-6.
[26]周太炎.中国植物志(第三十三卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:300-304.
[27]涂玉琴,戴兴临,涂伟凤,等.蔊菜幼苗抗菌核病及抗旱和耐湿特性的鉴定[J].植物资源与环境学报,2011,20(3):9-15.
[28]戴兴临,程春明,宋来强,等.油菜×蔊菜远缘杂交创新油菜种质资源研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2005,6(2):242-244.
[29]姜淑慧,管荣展,唐三元,等.甘蓝型油菜与蔊菜的原生质体融合与植株再生[J].遗传,2007,29(6):745-750.
[30]周广生,梅方竹,周竹青,等.小麦不同品种耐湿性生理指标综合评价及其预测[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(11):1378-1382.
[31]胡标林,杨平,万勇,等.东乡野生稻BILs群体苗期抗旱性综合评价及其遗传分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(2):249-256.
[32]彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.加工番茄幼苗期耐盐生理指标筛选及耐盐性综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(5):61-66.
[33]李国龙,吴海霞,温丽,等.甜菜苗期抗旱鉴定指标筛选及其综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(4):69-74.
[34]孙建,张秀荣,张艳欣,等.芝麻不同品种(系)耐湿性的综合评价[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(4):518-521.
[35]Prakash S,Bhat S R,Quiros C F,et al.Brassica and its close allies:cytogenetics and evolution[J].Plant Breed Rev,2009,31:21-187.
[36]Chen H F,Wang H,Li Z Y.Production and genetic analysis of partial hybrids in intertribal crosses between Brassica species(B.rapa,B.napus)and Capsella bursa-pastoris[J].Plant Cell Rep,2007,26:1791-1800.
[37]赵合句,黄永菊,王玉叶.油菜与菘蓝和荠菜属间杂交初探[J].湖北农业科学,1993(5):17-18.
[38]Ma N,Li Z Y,Cartagena J A,et al.GISH and AFLP analysis of novel Brassica napus lines derived from one hybrid between B.napus and Orychophragmus violaceus[J].Plant Cell Rep,2006,25(10):1089-1093.
[39]Snowdon R J,Winter H,Diestel A et al.Development and characterisation of Brassica napus-Sinapis arvensis addition lines exhibiting resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans[J].Theor Appl Genet,2000,101:1008-1014.
[2]谢小玉,张兵,张霞,等.干旱胁迫下油菜消减文库的构建与分析[J].作物学报,2013,39(4):744-752.
[3]杨春杰,程勇,邹崇顺,等.模拟干旱胁迫下不同甘蓝型油菜品种发芽能力的配合力与遗传效应分析[J].作物学报,2008,34(10):1744-1749.
[4]卢坤,张琳,曲存民,等.利用RNA-Seq鉴定甘蓝型油菜叶片干旱胁迫应答基因[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(4):630-645.
[5]于澄宇,徐会善,王成军.不同油菜品种(系)在严重干旱条件下越冬能力及保苗方法效果的比较[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(10):65-69.
[6]Richards R A.Genetic analysis of drought stress response in rapeseed(Brassica campestris and B.napus).I.Assessment of environments for maximum selection response in grain yield[J].Euphytica,1978,27(2):609-615.
[7]朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
[8]李真,梅淑芳,梅忠,等.甘蓝型油菜DH群体苗期抗旱性的评价[J].作物学报,2012,38(11):2108-2114.
[9]胡承伟,张学昆,邹锡玲,等.PEG模拟干旱胁迫下甘蓝型油菜的根系特征与抗旱性[J].中国油料作物学报,2013,35(1):48-53.
[10]Richards R A,Thurling N.Genetic analysis of drought stress response in rapeseed(Brassica campestris and B.Napus).III.physiological characters[J].Euphytica,1979,28(3):755-759.
[11]蒙祖庆,宋丰萍,刘振兴,等.干旱及复水对油菜苗期光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2012,34(1):40
[12]白鹏,冉春艳,谢小玉.干旱胁迫对油菜蕾薹期生理特性及农艺性状的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3566-3576.
[13]谢小玉,张霞,张兵.油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱性相关指标变化分析[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(3):476-485.
[14]Richards R A,Thurling N.Geneticanalysis of drought stress response in rapeseed(Brassica campestris and B.Napus).II.Yield improvement and the application of selection indices[J].Euphytica,1979,28(1):169-177.
[15]原小燕,符明联,何晓莹.不同抗旱性油菜种子萌发期抗旱性指标比较研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(5):77-81.
[16]李震,杨春杰,张学昆,等.PEG胁迫下甘蓝型油菜品种(系)种子发芽耐旱性鉴定[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(4):438-442.
[17]涂玉琴,戴兴临,涂伟凤,等.芽期PEG模拟干旱胁迫下不同基因型甘蓝型油菜的反应差异研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(6):213-221.
[18]郭雪松,唐章林.PEG胁迫下42个油菜品种(系)耐旱性的评价[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(10):1-7.
[19]Li Z,Mei S F,Mei Z,et al.Mapping of QTL associated with waterlogging tolerance and drought resistance during the seedling stage in oilseed rape(Brassica napus)[J].Euphytica,2014,197(3):341-353.
[20]荐红举,肖阳,李加纳,等.利用SNP遗传图谱定位盐、旱胁迫下甘蓝型油菜种子发芽率的QTL[J].作物学报,2014,40(4):629-635.
[21]王丹丹,唐章林,荆蓉蓉,等.甘蓝型油菜遗传图谱构建及苗期耐旱相关性状的QTL定位[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(7):8-16.
[22]王景娜,高勇,安金玲,等.油菜一个WRKY基因对盐胁迫和干旱胁迫的表达响应[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2010,47(1):197-201.
[23]徐明月,肖庆生,张学昆,等.油菜干旱相关基因的表达及其与耐旱生理指标的相关性[J].中国油料作物学报,2013,35(5):557-563.
[24]Yang M G,Yang Q Y,Fu T D,et al.Overexpression of the Brassica napus Bn LAS gene in Arabidopsis affects plant development and increases drought tolerance[J].Plant Cell Reports,2011,30(3):373-388.
[25]熊任香,涂伟凤,涂玉琴,等.甘蓝型油菜与蔊菜远缘杂交后代抗旱性鉴定及综合评价[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(12):1-6.
[26]周太炎.中国植物志(第三十三卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:300-304.
[27]涂玉琴,戴兴临,涂伟凤,等.蔊菜幼苗抗菌核病及抗旱和耐湿特性的鉴定[J].植物资源与环境学报,2011,20(3):9-15.
[28]戴兴临,程春明,宋来强,等.油菜×蔊菜远缘杂交创新油菜种质资源研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2005,6(2):242-244.
[29]姜淑慧,管荣展,唐三元,等.甘蓝型油菜与蔊菜的原生质体融合与植株再生[J].遗传,2007,29(6):745-750.
[30]周广生,梅方竹,周竹青,等.小麦不同品种耐湿性生理指标综合评价及其预测[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(11):1378-1382.
[31]胡标林,杨平,万勇,等.东乡野生稻BILs群体苗期抗旱性综合评价及其遗传分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(2):249-256.
[32]彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.加工番茄幼苗期耐盐生理指标筛选及耐盐性综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(5):61-66.
[33]李国龙,吴海霞,温丽,等.甜菜苗期抗旱鉴定指标筛选及其综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(4):69-74.
[34]孙建,张秀荣,张艳欣,等.芝麻不同品种(系)耐湿性的综合评价[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(4):518-521.
[35]Prakash S,Bhat S R,Quiros C F,et al.Brassica and its close allies:cytogenetics and evolution[J].Plant Breed Rev,2009,31:21-187.
[36]Chen H F,Wang H,Li Z Y.Production and genetic analysis of partial hybrids in intertribal crosses between Brassica species(B.rapa,B.napus)and Capsella bursa-pastoris[J].Plant Cell Rep,2007,26:1791-1800.
[37]赵合句,黄永菊,王玉叶.油菜与菘蓝和荠菜属间杂交初探[J].湖北农业科学,1993(5):17-18.
[38]Ma N,Li Z Y,Cartagena J A,et al.GISH and AFLP analysis of novel Brassica napus lines derived from one hybrid between B.napus and Orychophragmus violaceus[J].Plant Cell Rep,2006,25(10):1089-1093.
[39]Snowdon R J,Winter H,Diestel A et al.Development and characterisation of Brassica napus-Sinapis arvensis addition lines exhibiting resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans[J].Theor Appl Genet,2000,101:1008-1014.