施用不同品种硅钙钾镁肥对香蕉产量、品质及土壤养分的影响
|
摘要
为改善香蕉蕉园土壤酸化和硅、钙、镁养分水平,提高香蕉产量和品质,在大田试验条件下研究不同品种硅钙钾镁肥对香蕉产量、品质及土壤pH值和养分含量的影响。与习惯施肥相比,施用750 kg/hm~2硅钙钾镁肥能显著提高香蕉产量,不同品种的硅钙钾镁肥增产率为3.82%～5.64%,但品种之间的产量差异不显著。施用硅钙钾镁能增加果指长,并一定程度的提高果肉中维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量。施用硅钙钾镁肥可使收获期土壤pH值比对照处理提高0.12～0.72个单位,有效缓解土壤pH值下降,并显著提高土壤有效钙和有效镁的含量。综合比较,以灰粉状硅钙钾镁肥在香蕉上的田间应用效果较好。
To regulate the soil acidity and silicon, calcium and magnesium nutrient content in banana orchards, and improve banana yield and quality, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different varieties of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium(SCPM) fertilizers on banana yield, quality and soil nutrients. Compared with conventional fertilization, the results showed that the annual production of banana increased significantly by 3.82%-5.64% under the application of 750 kg/hm~2 of SCPM fertilizers, butthere was no significant difference of yield between different treatments(P>0.05). The length of banana fingercould be significantly increased by SCPM. The results of quality analysis indicated that the application of SCPM were effective to improve the content of vitamin C, soluble sugar and soluble solids in fruit pulp. The useof SCPM could increase soil pH value by 0.12-0.72 units, and raise the available level of calcium and magnesium in the soil. Comprehensively compared, the gray-powder SCPM fertilizer has the best effect in banana cultivation.
To regulate the soil acidity and silicon, calcium and magnesium nutrient content in banana orchards, and improve banana yield and quality, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different varieties of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium(SCPM) fertilizers on banana yield, quality and soil nutrients. Compared with conventional fertilization, the results showed that the annual production of banana increased significantly by 3.82%-5.64% under the application of 750 kg/hm~2 of SCPM fertilizers, butthere was no significant difference of yield between different treatments(P>0.05). The length of banana fingercould be significantly increased by SCPM. The results of quality analysis indicated that the application of SCPM were effective to improve the content of vitamin C, soluble sugar and soluble solids in fruit pulp. The useof SCPM could increase soil pH value by 0.12-0.72 units, and raise the available level of calcium and magnesium in the soil. Comprehensively compared, the gray-powder SCPM fertilizer has the best effect in banana cultivation.
引文
[1]樊小林,李进.碱性肥料调节香蕉园土壤酸度及防控香蕉枯萎病的效果[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(4):938-946.
[2]Guo J H,Liu X J,Zhang Y,et al.Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands[J].Science,2010,327:1008-1010.
[3]蔡泽江,孙楠,王伯仁,等.长期施肥对红壤pH、作物产量及氮、磷、钾养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(1):71-78.
[4]郭春铭,刘卫军,樊小林.碱性长效缓释氮肥对蕉园土壤pH和香蕉氮肥利用效率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(1):128-136.
[5]刘广富.“金正大”新产品-硅钙镁磷钾肥[J].科技致富向导,2013,29:150.
[6]张青,栗方亮,王煌平,等.不同品种及用量的硅钙镁磷钾肥对番茄产量、品质及土壤pH的影响[J].磷肥与复肥,2015,30(12):46-49.
[7]姚华龙,孟昭颂.磷石膏制酸联产硅钙钾镁肥技术的生产实践[J].硫酸工业,2018,1(1):41-44.
[8]刘毅,陈日远,王范昌,等.硅钙镁钾肥对桑树生长、桑叶产量及品质的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2013(23):49-51,63.
[9]侯文通,代明,陈日远,等.硅钙磷钾肥对花生产量品质及经济效益的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(2):89-91.
[10]宋效宗,林海涛,张玉凤,等.不同用量硅钙镁钾肥对设施黄瓜长势、产量及品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(12):49-52.
[11]李敏,叶舒娅,刘枫,等.硅钙镁磷钾肥用量对油菜产量及磷钾吸收利用的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(30):114-118.
[12]李敏,叶舒娅,刘枫,等.硅钙钾镁磷钾肥不同用量对超级稻产量及磷钾吸收利用的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(30):122-126.
[13]叶建海,陈余平,孙文岳,等.硅钙镁磷钾肥3年定位试验对早稻产量及性状的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(5):752-753.
[14]曾建华,潘孝忠,谢良商,等.硅钙镁磷钾肥在海南甘蔗上的施用效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2017,8:64-65.
[15]辛广,马学文,丁方军.硅钙钾镁肥土壤调理剂的研发与应用[J].化肥工业,2018,1:72-75
[16]廖汝玉,徐庆贤,林斌,等.沼渣、食用菌菌渣对香蕉生长和结果的影响[J].福建农业学报,2009,24(4):333-337.
[17]金志强.香蕉果实生长发育的生理学与分子生物学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006:81-82.
[18]庄远红,吴桂花,黄育辉.不同护色剂对冻藏香蕉片护色效果及品质的影响[J].漳州师范学院学报,2010,23(1):110-114.
[19]Ma J F,Ryan P R,Delhaize E.Aluminium tolerance in plants and the complexing role of organic acids[J].Trends in plant science,2001,6(6):273-278.
[20]栗方亮,张青,王利民,等.连续施用土壤调理剂对茄子品质及土壤性状的影响[J].福建农业学报,2017,32(7):768-773.
[21]栗方亮,张青,王煌平,等.土壤调理剂对蜜柚产量、品质及土壤性状的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(6):39-44.
[22]王建康,李小玲,陈海宁,等.硅钙钾镁肥对果蔗产量品质及经济效益的影响[J].甘蔗糖业,2016,4:42-45.
[23]范文静,杨力,林海涛,等.土壤调理剂对油菜产量、品质及酸性土壤改良的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(9):114-117.
[24]杜加银,胡兆平,侯广军,等.微生物土壤调理剂对辣椒生长及产量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(22):5781-5783.
[25]韩科峰,陈余平,胡铁军,等.硅钙钾镁肥对浙江省酸性水稻土壤的改良效果[J].浙江农业学报,2018,30(1):117-122.
[26]杨苞梅,李进权,姚丽贤,等.钾钙镁营养对香蕉产量、品质及贮藏性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):290-294.
[2]Guo J H,Liu X J,Zhang Y,et al.Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands[J].Science,2010,327:1008-1010.
[3]蔡泽江,孙楠,王伯仁,等.长期施肥对红壤pH、作物产量及氮、磷、钾养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(1):71-78.
[4]郭春铭,刘卫军,樊小林.碱性长效缓释氮肥对蕉园土壤pH和香蕉氮肥利用效率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(1):128-136.
[5]刘广富.“金正大”新产品-硅钙镁磷钾肥[J].科技致富向导,2013,29:150.
[6]张青,栗方亮,王煌平,等.不同品种及用量的硅钙镁磷钾肥对番茄产量、品质及土壤pH的影响[J].磷肥与复肥,2015,30(12):46-49.
[7]姚华龙,孟昭颂.磷石膏制酸联产硅钙钾镁肥技术的生产实践[J].硫酸工业,2018,1(1):41-44.
[8]刘毅,陈日远,王范昌,等.硅钙镁钾肥对桑树生长、桑叶产量及品质的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2013(23):49-51,63.
[9]侯文通,代明,陈日远,等.硅钙磷钾肥对花生产量品质及经济效益的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(2):89-91.
[10]宋效宗,林海涛,张玉凤,等.不同用量硅钙镁钾肥对设施黄瓜长势、产量及品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(12):49-52.
[11]李敏,叶舒娅,刘枫,等.硅钙镁磷钾肥用量对油菜产量及磷钾吸收利用的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(30):114-118.
[12]李敏,叶舒娅,刘枫,等.硅钙钾镁磷钾肥不同用量对超级稻产量及磷钾吸收利用的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(30):122-126.
[13]叶建海,陈余平,孙文岳,等.硅钙镁磷钾肥3年定位试验对早稻产量及性状的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(5):752-753.
[14]曾建华,潘孝忠,谢良商,等.硅钙镁磷钾肥在海南甘蔗上的施用效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2017,8:64-65.
[15]辛广,马学文,丁方军.硅钙钾镁肥土壤调理剂的研发与应用[J].化肥工业,2018,1:72-75
[16]廖汝玉,徐庆贤,林斌,等.沼渣、食用菌菌渣对香蕉生长和结果的影响[J].福建农业学报,2009,24(4):333-337.
[17]金志强.香蕉果实生长发育的生理学与分子生物学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006:81-82.
[18]庄远红,吴桂花,黄育辉.不同护色剂对冻藏香蕉片护色效果及品质的影响[J].漳州师范学院学报,2010,23(1):110-114.
[19]Ma J F,Ryan P R,Delhaize E.Aluminium tolerance in plants and the complexing role of organic acids[J].Trends in plant science,2001,6(6):273-278.
[20]栗方亮,张青,王利民,等.连续施用土壤调理剂对茄子品质及土壤性状的影响[J].福建农业学报,2017,32(7):768-773.
[21]栗方亮,张青,王煌平,等.土壤调理剂对蜜柚产量、品质及土壤性状的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(6):39-44.
[22]王建康,李小玲,陈海宁,等.硅钙钾镁肥对果蔗产量品质及经济效益的影响[J].甘蔗糖业,2016,4:42-45.
[23]范文静,杨力,林海涛,等.土壤调理剂对油菜产量、品质及酸性土壤改良的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(9):114-117.
[24]杜加银,胡兆平,侯广军,等.微生物土壤调理剂对辣椒生长及产量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(22):5781-5783.
[25]韩科峰,陈余平,胡铁军,等.硅钙钾镁肥对浙江省酸性水稻土壤的改良效果[J].浙江农业学报,2018,30(1):117-122.
[26]杨苞梅,李进权,姚丽贤,等.钾钙镁营养对香蕉产量、品质及贮藏性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):290-294.