不同颜色薄膜覆盖对越橘光合特性的影响
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摘要
以越橘品种"双丰"为试验材料,采用拱棚覆膜方式,设置白膜、绿膜、红膜、黄膜、蓝膜5个处理,研究不同颜色薄膜覆盖下越橘叶片叶绿素含量、光合日变化和光响应变化差异。结果表明,绿膜覆盖下越橘叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素a+b含量显著提高,蓝膜覆盖下叶绿素a和叶绿素a+b含量显著提高,不同颜色薄膜覆盖下越橘叶片中叶绿素a/b值无显著差异。不同颜色薄膜处理下越橘叶片净光合速率(Pn)日变化曲线均为"双峰型",最高峰值均出现在8:00,Pn数值排序为蓝膜>白膜>红膜>黄膜>绿膜,不同颜色薄膜处理下越橘叶片均在11:00出现光合午休现象。气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)总体变化趋势与Pn类似,而胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)则呈"W型"曲线。通过拟合光响应曲线可知,不同处理下越橘叶片光补偿点(LCP)均降低,其中红膜和绿膜降低幅度较大。蓝膜下光饱和点(LSP)增加,且最大净光合速率(Pn_(max))最高。结果表明,蓝膜覆盖促进越橘光合作用,生产中可通过覆盖蓝色薄膜或者补充蓝光方式使越橘光合效率最大化。红膜、黄膜和绿膜对光合作用有抑制作用,但红膜和绿膜有助于增强越橘对弱光的适应能力。
Taking 'Sweetheart' blueberry as material, five treatments of white, green, red, yellow and blue films were set by means of arch mulching. The effects of chlorophyll content, diurnal variation of photosynthesis and photoresponse of blueberry leaves under different color films were investigated.The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b of blueberry leaves increased significantly under green film, and the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a+b of blueberry increased significantly under blue film. However, there weren't significant differences in chlorophyll a/b in blueberry leaves under different color films. The diurnal variation curves of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of blueberry leaves under different color film treatments were all "double peak", and the highest peak of Pn appeared at a.m. 8:00, the values of Pn from high to low were blue film>white film>red film>yellow film>green film. Midday depression of photosynthesis appeared at a.m. 11:00. The stomatal conductance(Gs) and transpiration rate(Tr) showed a similar trend to Pn, while the intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci) showed a "W-shaped" curve. By fitting the photoresponse curve, it could be concluded that the light compensation point(LCP) of the blueberry leaves decreased under different color films, and it decreased greatly under the red and green films. The light saturation point(LSP) of blueberry leaves under the blue film increased, and the maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pn_(max)) was the highest. The test results showed that blue film coverage could promote the photosynthesis of blueberry, and the photosynthetic efficiency of blueberry could maximize by covering blue film or supplementing blue light in production. The red, yellow and green films had a certain inhibitory effect on photosynthesis, but the red and green films could help to enhance the adaptability of blueberries to low light.
Taking 'Sweetheart' blueberry as material, five treatments of white, green, red, yellow and blue films were set by means of arch mulching. The effects of chlorophyll content, diurnal variation of photosynthesis and photoresponse of blueberry leaves under different color films were investigated.The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b of blueberry leaves increased significantly under green film, and the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a+b of blueberry increased significantly under blue film. However, there weren't significant differences in chlorophyll a/b in blueberry leaves under different color films. The diurnal variation curves of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of blueberry leaves under different color film treatments were all "double peak", and the highest peak of Pn appeared at a.m. 8:00, the values of Pn from high to low were blue film>white film>red film>yellow film>green film. Midday depression of photosynthesis appeared at a.m. 11:00. The stomatal conductance(Gs) and transpiration rate(Tr) showed a similar trend to Pn, while the intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci) showed a "W-shaped" curve. By fitting the photoresponse curve, it could be concluded that the light compensation point(LCP) of the blueberry leaves decreased under different color films, and it decreased greatly under the red and green films. The light saturation point(LSP) of blueberry leaves under the blue film increased, and the maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pn_(max)) was the highest. The test results showed that blue film coverage could promote the photosynthesis of blueberry, and the photosynthetic efficiency of blueberry could maximize by covering blue film or supplementing blue light in production. The red, yellow and green films had a certain inhibitory effect on photosynthesis, but the red and green films could help to enhance the adaptability of blueberries to low light.
引文
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[11]李根柱,张自川,郑云普,等.五种北高丛蓝莓对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其耐旱性评价[J].北方园艺,2016(24):10-14.
[12]赵爽.氮素形态及氮素配比对越橘生长发育影响的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2007.
[13]陈彦君,王德炉,郝加孝,等.遮阴对兔眼蓝莓光合特性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2014(11):28-30,42.
[14]叶子飘.光合作用对光响应新模型及其应用[J].生物数学学报,2008,23(4):710-716.
[15]Tennessen D J,Singsaas E L,Sharkey T D.Light-emitting diodes as a light source for photosynthesis research[J].Photosynthesis Research,1994,39:85-92.
[16]曹刚,张国斌,郁继华,等.不同光质LED光源对黄瓜苗期生长及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(6):1297-1304.
[17]蒲高斌,刘世琦,刘磊,等.不同光质对番茄幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2005(3):420-425.
[18]马宏,孟红志,李世军,等.不同光质对‘春美’桃光合特性和果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2017,34(7):835-842.
[19]陈薇,马怀宇,李亚东,等.三种栽培方式对越橘光合特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2008(9):1255-1260.
[20]钟军,张寒,熊兴耀.鱼腥草幼苗叶片结构和光合荧光特性对不同光质的响应[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2018,44(6):592-596.
[21]张欢,徐志刚,崔瑾,等.光质对番茄和莴苣幼苗生长及叶绿体超微结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4):959-965.
[22]许大全.光合作用的“午睡”现象[J].植物生理学通讯,1997(6):466-467.
[23]汪凤林,曹光球,叶义全,等.不同光质下杉木幼苗叶片光合作用的光响应[J].森林与环境学报,2017,37(3):366-371.
[24]邢歆,丁彦芬,余义亮.不同品种欧洲卫矛光合特性[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(1):12-16,26.
[2]陶汉之,王新长.茶树光合作用与光质的关系[J].植物生理学通讯,1989(1):19-23.
[3]冷平生,苏淑钗,王天华,等.光强与光质对银杏光合作用及黄酮苷与萜类内酯含量的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2002(1):1-4.
[4]黄枝,林魁,林碧英,等.光质对瓠瓜幼苗光合及若干生理特性的影响[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(2):85-90.
[5]高勇,李清明,刘彬彬,等.不同光质配比对紫叶生菜光合特性和品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(11):3649-3657.
[6]Sharkey T D,Raschke K.Effect of light quality on stomatal opening in leaves of Xanthium strumarium L[J].Plant Physiology,1981,68:1170-1174.
[7]苏娜娜.不同光质下黄瓜和番茄幼苗叶片光合特性和叶绿体超微结构分析[C].2013全国植物生物学大会论文集,2013.
[8]徐凯,郭延平,张上隆.不同光质对草莓叶片光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(2):369-375.
[9]李亚东,张志东,吴林,等.越橘(蓝莓)栽培与加工利用[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,2001.
[10]张治安,李亚东,徐辰,等.4种不同类型越桔叶片光合作用温度特性的比较研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,1999,21(4):16-19.
[11]李根柱,张自川,郑云普,等.五种北高丛蓝莓对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其耐旱性评价[J].北方园艺,2016(24):10-14.
[12]赵爽.氮素形态及氮素配比对越橘生长发育影响的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2007.
[13]陈彦君,王德炉,郝加孝,等.遮阴对兔眼蓝莓光合特性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2014(11):28-30,42.
[14]叶子飘.光合作用对光响应新模型及其应用[J].生物数学学报,2008,23(4):710-716.
[15]Tennessen D J,Singsaas E L,Sharkey T D.Light-emitting diodes as a light source for photosynthesis research[J].Photosynthesis Research,1994,39:85-92.
[16]曹刚,张国斌,郁继华,等.不同光质LED光源对黄瓜苗期生长及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(6):1297-1304.
[17]蒲高斌,刘世琦,刘磊,等.不同光质对番茄幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2005(3):420-425.
[18]马宏,孟红志,李世军,等.不同光质对‘春美’桃光合特性和果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2017,34(7):835-842.
[19]陈薇,马怀宇,李亚东,等.三种栽培方式对越橘光合特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2008(9):1255-1260.
[20]钟军,张寒,熊兴耀.鱼腥草幼苗叶片结构和光合荧光特性对不同光质的响应[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2018,44(6):592-596.
[21]张欢,徐志刚,崔瑾,等.光质对番茄和莴苣幼苗生长及叶绿体超微结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4):959-965.
[22]许大全.光合作用的“午睡”现象[J].植物生理学通讯,1997(6):466-467.
[23]汪凤林,曹光球,叶义全,等.不同光质下杉木幼苗叶片光合作用的光响应[J].森林与环境学报,2017,37(3):366-371.
[24]邢歆,丁彦芬,余义亮.不同品种欧洲卫矛光合特性[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(1):12-16,26.