涠西南凹陷涠洲组构造圈闭有效性定量评价技术及应用
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摘要
北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷是南海西部海域最重要的原油产区,主力含油层系涠洲组断裂发育,主要为构造圈闭。涠洲组勘探开发一体化目标的成藏关键因素为构造圈闭有效性研究,主要存在哪种圈闭形态更有利于成藏,有利圈闭潜在资源量规模两方面的问题。针对这些问题,在潜力目标评价实践过程中,利用统计学方法对圈闭构造特征进行类比分析,解决哪种圈闭形态更有利于成藏的问题;提出了断层侧向封堵性与含油气性分析技术、断层垂向封堵性分析技术及油柱高度定量预测技术,提高了断层封堵性及潜在资源量的预测精度。将圈闭有效性评价技术应用于涠西南凹陷勘探开发一体化潜力目标评价实践中的效果显示,该技术提升了实际评价精度和效率,为凹陷增储上产做出了重要贡献。
Weixinan sag in Beibuwan Basin is the most important crude oil producing region of the western South China Sea.In Weizhou Formation as the main oil-bearing bed,many fractures are developed,dominated by structural trap.Aiming at the integrated exploration and development of Weizhou Formation,the structural trap validity is a key factor for reservoir accumulation.Two problems mainly exist,i.e.,it is difficult to determine the type of trap more favorable for accumulation and the potential resources of favorable traps.Thus,an analogy analysis of the trap structural characteristics is conducted using statistical method in evaluation of the potential target,so as to solve the first problem about the type of trap more favorable to accumulation.In addition,this study proposes the lateral fault sealing and oil-bearing property analysis technology,and establishes the vertical fault sealing analysis technology as well as the quantitative prediction technology of oil column height,thus improving the accuracy of predicting fault sealing and potential resources.The evaluation technique of trap validity is applied to assess the potential targets of exploration and development integration in Weixinan sag.The application results indicate that this technology improves the actual evaluation accuracy and efficiency,making an important contribution to the increase of reservoir and production in the sag.
Weixinan sag in Beibuwan Basin is the most important crude oil producing region of the western South China Sea.In Weizhou Formation as the main oil-bearing bed,many fractures are developed,dominated by structural trap.Aiming at the integrated exploration and development of Weizhou Formation,the structural trap validity is a key factor for reservoir accumulation.Two problems mainly exist,i.e.,it is difficult to determine the type of trap more favorable for accumulation and the potential resources of favorable traps.Thus,an analogy analysis of the trap structural characteristics is conducted using statistical method in evaluation of the potential target,so as to solve the first problem about the type of trap more favorable to accumulation.In addition,this study proposes the lateral fault sealing and oil-bearing property analysis technology,and establishes the vertical fault sealing analysis technology as well as the quantitative prediction technology of oil column height,thus improving the accuracy of predicting fault sealing and potential resources.The evaluation technique of trap validity is applied to assess the potential targets of exploration and development integration in Weixinan sag.The application results indicate that this technology improves the actual evaluation accuracy and efficiency,making an important contribution to the increase of reservoir and production in the sag.
引文
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[19]李勇,钟建华,王海侨,等.东营凹陷东辛油田沙河街组一段成藏条件[J].石油学报,2006,27(3):42-46.LI Yong,ZHONG Jianhua,WANG Haiqiao,et al.Conditions of reservoir-forming in the first Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongxin oilfield of Dongying depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(3):42-46.
[20]袁奕群,高雅文.厚油层注气数值模拟研究[J].石油学报,1987,8(2):73-82.YUAN Yiqun,GAO Yawen.Anumerical simulation study of gas injection in a thick oil reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1987,8(2):73-82.
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[22]吕延防,沙子萱,付晓飞,等.断层垂向封闭性定量评价方法及其应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(5):34-38.LYanfang,SHA Zixuan,FU Xiaofei,et al.Quantitative evaluation method for fault vertical sealing ability and its application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(5):34-38.
[23]朱伟林,江文荣.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断裂与油气藏[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):6-10.ZHU Weilin,JIANG Wenrong.Relations between fractures and hydrocarbon reservoirs in Weixinan sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1998,19(3):6-10.
[24]付晓飞,潘国强,贺向阳,等.大庆长垣南部黑帝庙浅层生物气的断层侧向封闭性[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):678-684.FU Xiaofei,PAN Guoqiang,HE Xiangyang,et al.Lateral sealing of faults for shallow biogas in Heidimiao Formation of the southern Daqing placanticline[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):678-684.
[25]吕延防,陈章明,付广,等.盖岩排替压力研究[J].大庆石油学院学报,1993,17(4):1-8.LYanfang,CHEN Zhangming,FU Guang,et al.Research on the displacement pressure of caprock[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1993,17(4):1-8.
[26]吕延防,黄劲松,付广,等.砂泥岩薄互层段中断层封闭性的定量研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(6):824-829.LYanfang,HUANG Jinsong,FU Guang,et al.Quantitative study on fault sealing ability in sandstone and mudstone thin interbed[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(6):824-829.
[27] YIELDING G,FREEMAN B,NEEDHAM D T.Quantitative fault seal prediction[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(6):907-917.
[28]肖毓祥,龚幸林,贺向阳.SGR断层封堵性分析及断层圈闭烃柱高度估算——以中国东部G断块为例[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(4):51-58.XIAO Yuxiang,GONG Xinglin,HE Xiangyang.Analysis of fault sealing and estimate of height of hydrocarbon column in fault trap by SGR method:a case of application in G fault block in eastern China[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2005,10(4):51-58.
[2]李春荣,张功成,梁建设,等.北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):195-203.LI Chunrong,ZHANG Gongcheng,LIANG Jianshe,et al.Characteristics of fault structure and its control on hydrocarbons in the Beibuwan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):195-203.
[3]刘邦,潘校华,万仑坤,等.东尼日尔Termit盆地构造演化及古近系油气成藏主控因素[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):394-403.LIU Bang,PAN Xiaohua,WAN Lunkun,et al.Structural evolution and main controlling factors of the Paleogene hydrocarbon accumulation in Termit Basin,eastern Niger[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):394-403.
[4]夏庆龙,徐长贵.渤海海域复杂断裂带地质认识创新与油气重大发现[J].石油学报,2016,37(增刊1):22-33.XIA Qinglong,XU Changgui.New geological understandings and major hydrocarbon discoveries in the complex fault zone of Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(S1):22-33.
[5]朱伟林,崔旱云,吴培康,等.被动大陆边缘盆地油气勘探新进展与展望[J].石油学报,2017,38(10):1099-1109.ZHU Weilin,CUI Hanyun,WU Peikang,et al.New development and outlook for oil and gas exploration in passive continental margin basins[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(10):1099-1109.
[6]宋明水,赵乐强,宫亚军,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘超剥带圈闭含油性量化评价[J].石油学报,2016,37(1):64-72.SONG Mingshui,ZHAO Leqiang,GONG Yajun,et al.Quantitative assessment on trap oil-bearing property in ultra-denudation zones at the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(1):64-72.
[7]金凤鸣,侯凤香,焦双志,等.断陷盆地断层-岩性油藏成藏主控因素——以饶阳凹陷留107区块为例[J].石油学报,2016,37(8):986-995.JIN Fengming,HOU Fengxiang,JIAO Shuangzhi,et al.Major controlling factors of fault-lithologic reservoir accumulation in rifted basin:a case study of Liu 107 block,Raoyang sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(8):986-995.
[8]赵贤正,蒋有录,金凤鸣,等.富油凹陷洼槽区油气成藏机理与成藏模式——以冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷为例[J].石油学报,2017,38(1):67-76.ZHAO Xianzheng,JIANG Youlu,JIN Fengming,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism and model of sub-sags in hydrocarbon-rich sag:a case study of Raoyang sag in Jizhong depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(1):67-76.
[9]崔世凌,秦爽,杨泽蓉,等.惠民凹陷复杂断块精细描述技术及应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):347-353.CUI Shiling,QIN Shuang,YANG Zerong,et al.The fine description technique of complex fault blocks and its application in Huimin depression[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2002,41(3):347-353.
[10]王珂,戴俊生.地应力与断层封闭性之间的定量关系[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):74-81.WANG Ke,DAI Junsheng.A quantitative relationship between the crustal stress and fault sealing ability[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(1):74-81.
[11]付广,史集建,吕延防.断层侧向封闭性定量研究方法的改进[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):415-418.FU Guang,SHI Jijian,LYanfang.An improvement in quantitatively studying lateral seal of faults[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):415-418.
[12]管树巍,陈宁华,徐峰,等.库车坳陷秋里塔格褶皱带几何学和运动学特征与油气圈闭[J].石油学报,2003,24(6):30-34.GUAN Shuwei,CHEN Ninghua,XU feng,et al.Properties of geometry and kinematics related to hydrocarbon traps in Qiulitag anticline zone of Kuqa depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(6):30-34.
[13]罗群,庞雄奇.海南福山凹陷顺向和反向断裂控藏机理及油气聚集模式[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):363-367.LUO Qun,PANG Xiongqi.Reservoir controlling mechanism and petroleum accumulation model for consequent fault and antithetic fault in Fushan depression of Hainan area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(3):363-367.
[14]吕延防,付广,付晓飞,等.断层对油气的输导与封堵作用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.LYanfang,FU Guang,FU Xiaofei,et al.The effect of fault on oil and gas transport and sealing[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.
[15]中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋地质构造研究室.南海地质构造与陆缘扩张[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.Laboratory of Marine Geological Structures of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The geological structure and the continental margin expansion of the South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,1988.
[16] SIBSON R H.Fault rocks and fault mechanisms[J].Journal of the Geological Society of London,1977,133(3):191-231.
[17]万桂梅,汤良杰,周心怀,等.郯庐断裂带在渤海海域渤东地区的构造特征[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):342-346.WAN Guimei,TANG Liangjie,ZHOU Xinhuai,et al.Tectonic characteristics of the Tanlu fault zone in Bodong area of Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(3):342-346.
[18]孙龙涛,陈长民,詹文欢,等.珠江口盆地断层封堵特征及其影响因素[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):36-40.SUN Longtao,CHEN Changmin,ZHAN Wenhuan,et al.Characteristics and influencing factors of fault sealing in Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):36-40.
[19]李勇,钟建华,王海侨,等.东营凹陷东辛油田沙河街组一段成藏条件[J].石油学报,2006,27(3):42-46.LI Yong,ZHONG Jianhua,WANG Haiqiao,et al.Conditions of reservoir-forming in the first Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongxin oilfield of Dongying depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(3):42-46.
[20]袁奕群,高雅文.厚油层注气数值模拟研究[J].石油学报,1987,8(2):73-82.YUAN Yiqun,GAO Yawen.Anumerical simulation study of gas injection in a thick oil reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1987,8(2):73-82.
[21]赵密富,李阳,李东旭.泥岩涂抹定量研究[J].石油学报,2005,26(1):60-64.ZHAO Mifu,LI Yang,LI Dongxu.Quantitative study of shale smear[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(1):60-64.
[22]吕延防,沙子萱,付晓飞,等.断层垂向封闭性定量评价方法及其应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(5):34-38.LYanfang,SHA Zixuan,FU Xiaofei,et al.Quantitative evaluation method for fault vertical sealing ability and its application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(5):34-38.
[23]朱伟林,江文荣.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断裂与油气藏[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):6-10.ZHU Weilin,JIANG Wenrong.Relations between fractures and hydrocarbon reservoirs in Weixinan sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1998,19(3):6-10.
[24]付晓飞,潘国强,贺向阳,等.大庆长垣南部黑帝庙浅层生物气的断层侧向封闭性[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):678-684.FU Xiaofei,PAN Guoqiang,HE Xiangyang,et al.Lateral sealing of faults for shallow biogas in Heidimiao Formation of the southern Daqing placanticline[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):678-684.
[25]吕延防,陈章明,付广,等.盖岩排替压力研究[J].大庆石油学院学报,1993,17(4):1-8.LYanfang,CHEN Zhangming,FU Guang,et al.Research on the displacement pressure of caprock[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1993,17(4):1-8.
[26]吕延防,黄劲松,付广,等.砂泥岩薄互层段中断层封闭性的定量研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(6):824-829.LYanfang,HUANG Jinsong,FU Guang,et al.Quantitative study on fault sealing ability in sandstone and mudstone thin interbed[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(6):824-829.
[27] YIELDING G,FREEMAN B,NEEDHAM D T.Quantitative fault seal prediction[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(6):907-917.
[28]肖毓祥,龚幸林,贺向阳.SGR断层封堵性分析及断层圈闭烃柱高度估算——以中国东部G断块为例[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(4):51-58.XIAO Yuxiang,GONG Xinglin,HE Xiangyang.Analysis of fault sealing and estimate of height of hydrocarbon column in fault trap by SGR method:a case of application in G fault block in eastern China[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2005,10(4):51-58.