单窄条控制件对横向振荡柱体尾流2P模式旋涡脱落的改变
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摘要
横向强迫振荡柱体尾流控制是柱体涡激振动控制的基础,在海洋、土木等工程中具有重要意义.横向强迫振荡柱体尾流中存在一种锁频旋涡脱落模式,即在一个振荡周期内柱体上、下侧各脱落旋转方向相反的一对涡,称为2P模式.本文将相对宽度b/D=0.32的窄条控制件置于横向强迫振荡柱体下游,对振幅比A/D=1.25,无量纲振频f_eD/V_∞=0.22,雷诺数Re=1 200的2P模式旋涡脱落进行干扰,并通过改变控制件位置,研究旋涡的变化规律.采用二维大涡模拟和实验验证方法进行研究,在控制件位置范围0.8 X/D 3.2,0.4 Y/D 3.2内,得到了2P,2S,P+S和另外6种新发现的旋涡脱落模式,并对各模式旋涡的形成过程作了详细描述.在控制件位置平面上给出了各旋涡模式的存在区域,画出了旋涡脱落强度的等值线图,并发现在一个相当大的区域内,旋涡脱落强度可减小一半以上,尾流变窄.发现柱体大幅振荡引起的横向剪切流在旋涡生成中起关键作用.探讨了控制件对横向剪切流的影响,分析了控制件在每种旋涡模式形成中的作用机制.
The control of vortex shedding from a forced oscillating cylinder is the basis of control of vortex-induced cylinder vibration, and of significance in civil and ocean engineering. A lock-on mode of vortex shedding called 2 P mode exists in the wake of an oscillating cylinder, i.e., in a period of oscillation, a pair of vortices shed from each side. A strip element of width b/D = 0.32 is used and set in the wake to influence the 2 P mode vortex shedding at oscillating amplitude A/D = 1.25, frequency f_eD/V_∞= 0.22, and Reynolds number Re = V_∞D/ν = 1 200. Using the method of 2D large eddy simulation with experimental confirmation, we find that with the change of strip position in the area 0.8 X/D 3.2,0.4 Y/D 3.2, vortex shedding is changed between 2P, 2S, P+S and other 6 new modes. The detailed generation process of every mode of vortex shedding is described in the paper. The zones of the modes and the contours of vortex strength are figured out on the plane of strip position. It is shown that vortex strength can be reduced by 50% or more and the wake is narrowed if the strip is set at places in a considerably large region. The transverse shear flow induced by large amplitude cylinder oscillation plays a key role in the generation of vortex shedding. The influence of the strip on the transverse shear flow is discussed and the mechanism of the strip function to the formation of every mode of vortex shedding is analyzed.
The control of vortex shedding from a forced oscillating cylinder is the basis of control of vortex-induced cylinder vibration, and of significance in civil and ocean engineering. A lock-on mode of vortex shedding called 2 P mode exists in the wake of an oscillating cylinder, i.e., in a period of oscillation, a pair of vortices shed from each side. A strip element of width b/D = 0.32 is used and set in the wake to influence the 2 P mode vortex shedding at oscillating amplitude A/D = 1.25, frequency f_eD/V_∞= 0.22, and Reynolds number Re = V_∞D/ν = 1 200. Using the method of 2D large eddy simulation with experimental confirmation, we find that with the change of strip position in the area 0.8 X/D 3.2,0.4 Y/D 3.2, vortex shedding is changed between 2P, 2S, P+S and other 6 new modes. The detailed generation process of every mode of vortex shedding is described in the paper. The zones of the modes and the contours of vortex strength are figured out on the plane of strip position. It is shown that vortex strength can be reduced by 50% or more and the wake is narrowed if the strip is set at places in a considerably large region. The transverse shear flow induced by large amplitude cylinder oscillation plays a key role in the generation of vortex shedding. The influence of the strip on the transverse shear flow is discussed and the mechanism of the strip function to the formation of every mode of vortex shedding is analyzed.
引文
1 Williamson CHK,Govardhan R.A brief review of recent results in vortex-induced vibrations.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2008,96:713-735
2 Roshko A.Perspectives on bluff body aerodynamics.Journal of wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1993,49(1-3):79-100
3 Blevens RD.The effect of sound on vortex shedding from cylinders.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1985,161:217-237
4 You D,Choi H,Choi M-R,et al.Control of flow induced noise behind a circular cylinder using splitter plates.AIAA Journal,1998,36(11):1961-1 967
5 Sarpkaya T.Vortex-induced oscillations.Transactions of ASMEJournal of Applied Mechanics,1979,46:241-258
6 Sarpkaya T.A critical review of the intrinsic nature of vortexinduced vibrations.Journal of Fluids and Structures,2004,19:389-447
7 Bearman PW,Currie IG.Pressure-fluctuation measurements on an oscillating circular cylinder.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1979,91(4):661-677
8 Bearman PW.Vortex shedding from oscillating bluff bodies.Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1984,16:195-222
9何长江,段忠东.二维圆柱涡激振动的数值模拟.海洋工程,2008,26(1):57-63(He Changjiang,Duan Zhongdong.Numerical simulation of vortex-induced vibration on 2D cylinders.Ocean Engineering,2008,26(1):57-63(in Chinese))
10黄旭东,张海,王雪松.海洋立管涡激振动的研究现状、热点与展望.海洋学研究,2009,27(4):95-101(Huang Xudong,Zhang Hai,Wang Xuesong.An overview on the study of vortex-induced vibration of marine risers.Journal of Marine Sciences,2009,27(4):95-101(in Chinese))
11 Carberry J,Sheridan J,Rockwell D.Controlled oscillations of a cylinder:Forces and wake modes.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2005,538:31-69
12 Khalak A,Williamson CHK.Motions,forces,and mode transitions in vortex-induced vibrations at low mass damping.Journal of Fluids and Structures,1999,13:813-851
13 Stewart BE,Leontini JS,Hourigan K,et al.Vortex wake and energy transitions of an oscillating cylinder at low Reynolds number//15th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference,The University of Sydney,Sydney,Australia,13-17 December 2004
14 Hover FS,Techet AH,Triantafyllou MS.Forces on oscillating uniform and tapered cylinders in cross flow.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1998,363:97-114
15 Ongoren A,Rockwell D.Flow structure from an oscillating cylinder.Part 1 Mechanisms of phase shift and recovery in the near wake.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1988,191:197-223
16 Ongoren A,Rockwell D.Flow structure from an oscillating cylinder.Part 2 Mode competition in the near wake.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1988,191:225-245
17宋振华,段梦兰.海洋立管横流向与双流向涡激振动研究.石油机械,2016,44(7):65-69,75(Song Zhenhua,Duan Menglan.Study on the 1-DOF and 2-DOF VIV of marine riser.China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(7):65-69,75(in Chinese))
18 Williamson CHK,Roshko A.Vortex formation in the wake of an oscillating cylinder.Journal of Fluids and Structures,1988,2(4)355-381
19 Huera-Huarte FJ,Bangash ZA,Gonzalez LM.Towing tank experiements on the vortex-induced vibrations of low mass ratio long flexible cylinders.Journal of fluids and Structures,2014,48:81-92
20陈东阳,Abbas LK,王国平等.复合材料立管涡激振动数值模拟.上海交通大学学报,2017,51(4):495-503(Chen Dongyang Abbas LK,Wang Guoping,et al.Numerical calculations of vortexinduced vibration of composite riser.Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2017,51(4):495-503(in Chinese))
21 Zdravkovich MM.Review and classification of various aerodynamic and hydrodynamic means for suppressing vortex shedding.Journa of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1981,7:145-189
22 Sumer BM,Freds?e H.Hydrodynamics around Cylindrical Structures.Singapore:World Scientific,1981
23 Gad-el-Hak M.Flow Control,Passive,Active and Reactive Flow Management.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2000
24 Feng LH,Wang JJ.Modification of a circular cylinder wake with synthetic jet:Vortex shedding modes and mechanism.European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids,2014,43:14-32
25 Feng LH,Wang JJ.Circular cylinder vortex-synchronization contro with a synthetic jet positioned at the real stagnation point.Journa of Fluid Mechanics,2010,662:232-259
26 Shi LL,Liu YZ,Sung HJ.On the wake with and without vortex shedding suppression behind a two-dimensional square cylinder in proximity to a plane wall.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2010,98:492-503
27吴浩,孙大鹏.深海立管涡激振动被动抑制措施的研究.中国海洋平台,2009,24(4):1-8(Wu Hao,Sun Dapeng.Study on suppression measures for vortex-induced vibration of deep water risers China Offshore Platform,2009,24(4):1-8(in Chinese))
28宋吉宁,吕林,张建侨等.三根附属控制杆对海洋立管涡激振动抑制作用实验研究.海洋工程,2009,27(3):23-29(Song Jining,L¨u Lin,Zhang Jianqiao,et al.Experimental investigation of suppression of vortex-induced vibration of marine risers by three contro rods.The Ocean Engineering,2009,27(3):23-29(in Chinese))
29徐泉.大跨度桥梁涡激振动及其气动减振措施研究.[硕士论文]成都:西南交通大学,2007(Xu Quan.Study on vortex-induced vibration of large span bridge and its aerodynamic reduction measures.[Master Thesis].Chengdu:South West Jiao Tong University2007(in Chinese))
30周建龙.桥梁结构涡激振动及其控制措施.[硕士论文].西安:长安大学,2010(Zhou Jianlong.Vortex-induced vibration of bridge structures and its control.[Master Thesis].Xi’an:Chang-An University,2010(in Chinese))
31 Shao CP,Wei QD.Control of vortex shedding from a square cylinder.AIAA Journal,2008,46(2):397-407
32邵传平.钝体尾流控制机理及方法研究进展.力学进展,2008,38(3):314-328(Shao Chuanping.Advances in the study of methods and mechanism of bluff body wake control.Advances in Mechanics,2008,38(3):314-328(in Chinese))
33邵传平,陈野军,王赛等.流向振荡柱体尾流控制研究进展.力学进展,2014,44:201405(Shao Chuanping,Chen Yejun,Wang Sai,et al.Advances in the control of wakes behind an in-line oscillating cylinder.Advances in Mechanics,2014,44:201405(in Chinese))
34 Lecinte Y,Piquet J.Flow structure in the wake of an oscillating cylinder.Transactions of ASME,Journal of Fluids Engineering,1986,111:139-149
35 Zhang JF,Dalton C.Interaction of a steady approach flow and a circular cylinder undergoing forced oscillation.Transactions of ASME,Journal of Fluids Engineering,1997,119:802-813
36 Liu S,Fu S.Regimes of vortex shedding from an in-line oscillating circular cylinder in the uniform flow.Acta Mechanica Sinica,2003,19(2):118-126
37 Ongoren A,Rockwell D.Flow structure from an oscillating cylinder,Part 2.Mode competition in the near wake.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1988,191:225-245
38 Williamson CHK,Jauvtis N.A high-amplitude 2T mode of vortexinduced vibration for a light body in XY motion.European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids,2004,23:107-114
39 Roshko A.On the wake and drag of bluff bodies.Journal of Aeronautical Science,1955,22:124-132
40 Wille R.Generation of oscillatory flows//Naudascher E ed.Flow Induced Structural Vibration,Berlin:Springer,1974:1-16
41 Gerrard JH.The mechanics of the formation region of vortices behind bluff bodies.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1966,25:401-413
42 Hammond D,Redekopp L.Global dynamics of symmetric and asymmetric wakes.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1997,331:236-260
43 Monkewitz PA,Nuygen LN.Absolute instability in the near-wake of two-dimensional bluff bodies.Journal of Fluids and Structures,1987,1:165-184
44 Monkewitz PA,Huerre P,Chomaz JM.Global linear stability analysis of weakly non-parallel shear flows.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1993,251:1-20
45 Huerre P,Monkewitz PA.Local and global instabilities in spatially developing flows.Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1990,22:473-537
2 Roshko A.Perspectives on bluff body aerodynamics.Journal of wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1993,49(1-3):79-100
3 Blevens RD.The effect of sound on vortex shedding from cylinders.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1985,161:217-237
4 You D,Choi H,Choi M-R,et al.Control of flow induced noise behind a circular cylinder using splitter plates.AIAA Journal,1998,36(11):1961-1 967
5 Sarpkaya T.Vortex-induced oscillations.Transactions of ASMEJournal of Applied Mechanics,1979,46:241-258
6 Sarpkaya T.A critical review of the intrinsic nature of vortexinduced vibrations.Journal of Fluids and Structures,2004,19:389-447
7 Bearman PW,Currie IG.Pressure-fluctuation measurements on an oscillating circular cylinder.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1979,91(4):661-677
8 Bearman PW.Vortex shedding from oscillating bluff bodies.Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1984,16:195-222
9何长江,段忠东.二维圆柱涡激振动的数值模拟.海洋工程,2008,26(1):57-63(He Changjiang,Duan Zhongdong.Numerical simulation of vortex-induced vibration on 2D cylinders.Ocean Engineering,2008,26(1):57-63(in Chinese))
10黄旭东,张海,王雪松.海洋立管涡激振动的研究现状、热点与展望.海洋学研究,2009,27(4):95-101(Huang Xudong,Zhang Hai,Wang Xuesong.An overview on the study of vortex-induced vibration of marine risers.Journal of Marine Sciences,2009,27(4):95-101(in Chinese))
11 Carberry J,Sheridan J,Rockwell D.Controlled oscillations of a cylinder:Forces and wake modes.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2005,538:31-69
12 Khalak A,Williamson CHK.Motions,forces,and mode transitions in vortex-induced vibrations at low mass damping.Journal of Fluids and Structures,1999,13:813-851
13 Stewart BE,Leontini JS,Hourigan K,et al.Vortex wake and energy transitions of an oscillating cylinder at low Reynolds number//15th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference,The University of Sydney,Sydney,Australia,13-17 December 2004
14 Hover FS,Techet AH,Triantafyllou MS.Forces on oscillating uniform and tapered cylinders in cross flow.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1998,363:97-114
15 Ongoren A,Rockwell D.Flow structure from an oscillating cylinder.Part 1 Mechanisms of phase shift and recovery in the near wake.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1988,191:197-223
16 Ongoren A,Rockwell D.Flow structure from an oscillating cylinder.Part 2 Mode competition in the near wake.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1988,191:225-245
17宋振华,段梦兰.海洋立管横流向与双流向涡激振动研究.石油机械,2016,44(7):65-69,75(Song Zhenhua,Duan Menglan.Study on the 1-DOF and 2-DOF VIV of marine riser.China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(7):65-69,75(in Chinese))
18 Williamson CHK,Roshko A.Vortex formation in the wake of an oscillating cylinder.Journal of Fluids and Structures,1988,2(4)355-381
19 Huera-Huarte FJ,Bangash ZA,Gonzalez LM.Towing tank experiements on the vortex-induced vibrations of low mass ratio long flexible cylinders.Journal of fluids and Structures,2014,48:81-92
20陈东阳,Abbas LK,王国平等.复合材料立管涡激振动数值模拟.上海交通大学学报,2017,51(4):495-503(Chen Dongyang Abbas LK,Wang Guoping,et al.Numerical calculations of vortexinduced vibration of composite riser.Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2017,51(4):495-503(in Chinese))
21 Zdravkovich MM.Review and classification of various aerodynamic and hydrodynamic means for suppressing vortex shedding.Journa of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1981,7:145-189
22 Sumer BM,Freds?e H.Hydrodynamics around Cylindrical Structures.Singapore:World Scientific,1981
23 Gad-el-Hak M.Flow Control,Passive,Active and Reactive Flow Management.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2000
24 Feng LH,Wang JJ.Modification of a circular cylinder wake with synthetic jet:Vortex shedding modes and mechanism.European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids,2014,43:14-32
25 Feng LH,Wang JJ.Circular cylinder vortex-synchronization contro with a synthetic jet positioned at the real stagnation point.Journa of Fluid Mechanics,2010,662:232-259
26 Shi LL,Liu YZ,Sung HJ.On the wake with and without vortex shedding suppression behind a two-dimensional square cylinder in proximity to a plane wall.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2010,98:492-503
27吴浩,孙大鹏.深海立管涡激振动被动抑制措施的研究.中国海洋平台,2009,24(4):1-8(Wu Hao,Sun Dapeng.Study on suppression measures for vortex-induced vibration of deep water risers China Offshore Platform,2009,24(4):1-8(in Chinese))
28宋吉宁,吕林,张建侨等.三根附属控制杆对海洋立管涡激振动抑制作用实验研究.海洋工程,2009,27(3):23-29(Song Jining,L¨u Lin,Zhang Jianqiao,et al.Experimental investigation of suppression of vortex-induced vibration of marine risers by three contro rods.The Ocean Engineering,2009,27(3):23-29(in Chinese))
29徐泉.大跨度桥梁涡激振动及其气动减振措施研究.[硕士论文]成都:西南交通大学,2007(Xu Quan.Study on vortex-induced vibration of large span bridge and its aerodynamic reduction measures.[Master Thesis].Chengdu:South West Jiao Tong University2007(in Chinese))
30周建龙.桥梁结构涡激振动及其控制措施.[硕士论文].西安:长安大学,2010(Zhou Jianlong.Vortex-induced vibration of bridge structures and its control.[Master Thesis].Xi’an:Chang-An University,2010(in Chinese))
31 Shao CP,Wei QD.Control of vortex shedding from a square cylinder.AIAA Journal,2008,46(2):397-407
32邵传平.钝体尾流控制机理及方法研究进展.力学进展,2008,38(3):314-328(Shao Chuanping.Advances in the study of methods and mechanism of bluff body wake control.Advances in Mechanics,2008,38(3):314-328(in Chinese))
33邵传平,陈野军,王赛等.流向振荡柱体尾流控制研究进展.力学进展,2014,44:201405(Shao Chuanping,Chen Yejun,Wang Sai,et al.Advances in the control of wakes behind an in-line oscillating cylinder.Advances in Mechanics,2014,44:201405(in Chinese))
34 Lecinte Y,Piquet J.Flow structure in the wake of an oscillating cylinder.Transactions of ASME,Journal of Fluids Engineering,1986,111:139-149
35 Zhang JF,Dalton C.Interaction of a steady approach flow and a circular cylinder undergoing forced oscillation.Transactions of ASME,Journal of Fluids Engineering,1997,119:802-813
36 Liu S,Fu S.Regimes of vortex shedding from an in-line oscillating circular cylinder in the uniform flow.Acta Mechanica Sinica,2003,19(2):118-126
37 Ongoren A,Rockwell D.Flow structure from an oscillating cylinder,Part 2.Mode competition in the near wake.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1988,191:225-245
38 Williamson CHK,Jauvtis N.A high-amplitude 2T mode of vortexinduced vibration for a light body in XY motion.European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids,2004,23:107-114
39 Roshko A.On the wake and drag of bluff bodies.Journal of Aeronautical Science,1955,22:124-132
40 Wille R.Generation of oscillatory flows//Naudascher E ed.Flow Induced Structural Vibration,Berlin:Springer,1974:1-16
41 Gerrard JH.The mechanics of the formation region of vortices behind bluff bodies.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1966,25:401-413
42 Hammond D,Redekopp L.Global dynamics of symmetric and asymmetric wakes.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1997,331:236-260
43 Monkewitz PA,Nuygen LN.Absolute instability in the near-wake of two-dimensional bluff bodies.Journal of Fluids and Structures,1987,1:165-184
44 Monkewitz PA,Huerre P,Chomaz JM.Global linear stability analysis of weakly non-parallel shear flows.Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1993,251:1-20
45 Huerre P,Monkewitz PA.Local and global instabilities in spatially developing flows.Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1990,22:473-537