高副接触机械零件弹流动力润滑研究新进展
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摘要
弹性流体动力润滑是润滑理论的一个重要分支,也是关系到高副接触机械零件使用耐久性和可靠性的关键技术问题。计算机模拟仿真技术、数值计算方法和弹流测试技术的发展,推动了弹流润滑理论的发展和该理论在高副零件摩擦副设计中的广泛应用。综述齿轮、凸轮、轴承3种高副接触零件基于表面粗糙纹理、轮齿修形、有限长接触、热效应、镀层等因素的弹流润滑研究发展概况。指出现代弹流润滑理论虽然在高副接触零件中的应用已逐渐接近工程实际要求,能够较可靠地解决实际工况下的润滑难题,但在非稳态效应和真实粗糙表面对高副零件弹流润滑的影响方面,高副零件弹流润滑的多重参数耦合、计算机仿真及相关实验验证方面,还须进一步深入研究。
Elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) is an important branch of lubrication theory.And it is also one of the key technical factors affecting working durability and reliability of the mechanical parts with higher pairs.EHL theory has become more and more perfect with development of computer technology,numerical calculation and elasto-hydrodynamic testing technology.Therefore,the theory has been widely used in the design of friction pairs.The main research directions of elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication of three higher pairs including gears,cams and bearings were reviewed including surface roughness texture,geartooth modification,finite line contact,thermal effect,coating,etc.It was pointed out that modern EHL theory has got better application in these three parts that fulfills the practical demands step by step,and now it can reliably solve some lubrication problems in the actual working conditions,however,the influence of unsteady state effect and real rough surface on the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of high pair parts,the coupling of multiple parameters,computer simulation and related experimental verification of elastohydrodynamic lubrication of high pair still need to be further studied.
Elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) is an important branch of lubrication theory.And it is also one of the key technical factors affecting working durability and reliability of the mechanical parts with higher pairs.EHL theory has become more and more perfect with development of computer technology,numerical calculation and elasto-hydrodynamic testing technology.Therefore,the theory has been widely used in the design of friction pairs.The main research directions of elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication of three higher pairs including gears,cams and bearings were reviewed including surface roughness texture,geartooth modification,finite line contact,thermal effect,coating,etc.It was pointed out that modern EHL theory has got better application in these three parts that fulfills the practical demands step by step,and now it can reliably solve some lubrication problems in the actual working conditions,however,the influence of unsteady state effect and real rough surface on the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of high pair parts,the coupling of multiple parameters,computer simulation and related experimental verification of elastohydrodynamic lubrication of high pair still need to be further studied.
引文
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[2]温诗铸,杨沛然.弹性流体动力润滑[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1992.
[3]LI S,KAHRAMAN A.A transient mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication model for spur gear pairs[J].Journal of Tribology,2010,132(1):219-226.
[4]LI S,KAHRAMAN A.Influence of dynamic behaviour on elastohydrodynamic lubrication of spur gears[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,2011,225(8):740-753.
[5]YUAN S H,DONG H L,LI X Y.Analysis of lubricating performance for involute gear based on dynamic loading theory[J].Journal of Mechanical Design,2012,134(12):67-75.
[6]邹玉静,常德功.渐开线直齿轮的动力学与弹流润滑耦合[J].航空动力学报,2016,31(8):2010-2020.ZOU Y J,CHANG D G.Coupling of dynamics and elastohydrodynamic lubrication for spur gear[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2016,31(8):2010-2020.
[7]刘明勇,刘怀举,朱才朝,等.粗糙度纹理对有限长线接触混合润滑影响[J].摩擦学学报,2015,35(6):690-698.LIU M Y,LIU H J,ZHU C C,et al.Effects of rough surface topography on the characteristics of mixed lubrication in finite line contact[J].Tribology,2015,35(6):690-698.
[8]陶昆,亓秀梅,高创宽.粗糙齿面接触应力与齿轮转速关系的理论探析[J].机械传动,2017(5):1-4.TAO K,QI X M,GAO C K.Theoretical analysis of the relationship between contact stress on rough tooth surface and gear speed[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2017(5):1-4.
[9]HUANG K,XIONG Y,WANG T,et al.Research on the dynamic response of high-contact-ratio spur gears influenced by surface roughness under EHL condition[J].Applied Surface Science,2017,392:8-18.
[10]JIA X P,WANG W Z,ZHAO Z Q,et al.A contact fatigue model of helical gear under elastohydrodynamic lubrication[J].Tribology,2014,34(1):8-14.
[11]LIU M Y,ZHU C C,LIU H J.A micro-TEHL finite line contact model for a helical gear pair[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2015,7(1):104790.
[12]李文广,王家序,王骁鹏,等.基于真实粗糙表面斜齿轮瞬态混合弹流润滑研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2016,48(S2):173-179.LI W G,WANG J X,WANG X P,et al.Research of transient mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication model of helical gear with consideration of real roughness surface[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2016,48(S2):173-179.
[13]邹玉静,常德功.基于载荷分担理论的渐开线斜齿轮热混合弹流润滑分析[J].摩擦学学报,2015,35(4):495-504.ZOU Y J,CHANG D G.Mixed thermoelastohydrodynamic analysis of helical gears based on load sharing concept[J].Tribology,2015,35(4):495-504.
[14]CLARKE A,JAMALI H,WEEKS I.The influence of macro and micro geometry on the generation of adverse contact conditions associated with micropitting in gear tooth contacts[J].Croatian Journal of Food Science and Technology,2014,88(6):511-513.
[15]HAZIM U,JAMALI K J,SHARIF H P,et al.The transient effects of profile modification on elastohydrodynamic oil films in helical gears[J].Tribology Transactions,2015,58(1):119-130.
[16]NAJJARI M.Characterization of edge-contact influence on tridimensional elastohydrodynamic film shape,pressure,stress and temperature distributions[D].Quebec:University of Quebec,2014.
[17]HOLLAND J.Zur ausbilding eines tragfhigen schmierfil ms zwischen nocken und st9ssel[J].MTZ,1978,39:225-231.
[18]WANG J,MOTOHIRO K,YANG P R.Effect of surface waviness on the thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication in line contact under reciprocating motion[J].Journal of Qingdao Technological University,2010,31(2):1-7.
[19]王静,王娜,吉志宽.表面波纹度对偏心轮-平面挺杆接触润滑性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2013,33(3):289-297.WANG J,WANG N,JI Z K.Influence of harmonic waviness on the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of an eccentric-tappet pair[J].Tribology,2013,33(3):290-297.
[20]高江红,马银忠,李芳.提高凸轮机构强度和耐磨性的措施[J].机械研究与应用,2017,30(3):170-172.GAO J H,MA Y Z,LI F.Measures to improve the strength and wear resistance of cam mechanism[J].Mechanical Research and Application,2017,30(3):170-172.
[21]TORABI A,AKBARZADEH S,SALIMPOUR M R.Mixed thermo elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis of finite length cam and follower mechanism[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2016,30(3):1295-1303.
[22]QIN W,DUAN L.Wear predictions for cams in line contacts based on multidisciplinary simulation[J].Industrial Lubrication&Tribology,2015,67(2):159-165.
[23]张建军,杨沛然,王静,等.偏心轮机构时变点接触热弹流润滑分析[J].内燃机学报,2015,33(3):279-287.ZHANG J J,YANG P R,WANG J,et al.Analysis of transient point contact thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication of eccentric-tappet pair[J].Transactions of CSICE,2015,33(3):279-287.
[24]YU C,MENG X,XIE Y.Numerical simulation of the effects of coating on thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication in cam/tappet contact[J].ARCHIVE Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology1994-1996(vols 208-210),2016,231(2):221-239.
[25]DOBRENIZKI L,TREMMEL S,WARTZACK S,et al.Efficiency improvement in automobile bucket tappet/camshaft contacts by DLC coatings:Influence of engine oil,temperature and camshaft speed[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2016,308:360-373.
[26]OH K P,GOENKA P K.The elasohydro-dynamic solution of a journal bearing under dynamic loading[J].ASME Journal of Tribology,1985,107:389-395.
[27]余谱,汪久根,王庆九,等.制造误差对多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑性能的影响[J].润滑与密封,2012,37(12):5-8.YU P,WANG J G,WANG Q J,et al.Influences of manufacturing tolerances on thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance of multi-tilting-pad journal bearing[J].Lubrication Engineering,2012,37(12):5-8.
[28]黎伟,汪久根,洪玉芳,等.考虑轴颈偏斜的多瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑分析[J].润滑与密封,2012,37(11):1-4.LI W,WANG J G,HONG Y F,et al.Thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis on multi-tilting-pad journal bearing with misalignment[J].Lubrication Engineering,2012,37(11):1-4.
[29]YU R,CHEN W,LI P.The analysis of elastohydrodynamic lubrication in the textured journal bearing[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2016,230(10):1197-1208.
[30]余谱,汪久根,王庆九.多瓦可倾瓦轴承的瞬态热弹流润滑性能分析[J].润滑与密封,2014,39(1):5-8.YU P,WANG J G,WANG Q J.Transient thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance of multi-tilting-pad journal bearing[J].Lubrication Engineering,2014,39(1):5-8.
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