液压抽油机研究现状及展望
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摘要
相比较于常规的游梁式抽油机,液压抽油机具有如下优点:结构比较紧凑、重量比较轻、造价低、工作平稳、容易实现长冲程,并且冲程冲次调节方便,易于实现安全保护以及节能效果明显等,受到人们的广泛关注。国外对液压抽油机研究的比较早,目前已有应用于现场的成熟产品;国内对液压抽油机的研究起步虽晚,目前也有样机应用于现场。将对液压抽油机的国内国外发展现状进行介绍,并对液压抽油机的发展趋势进行展望,供业内人士参考。
Compared to the traditional beam pumping unit,hydraulic pumping units have the following advantages:more compact in structure,lighter in weight,lower in cost,smooth and steady in running,easier in realizing long stroke and adjusting frequency stroke and safety protection,very efficient in energy saving,and so on. Therefore hydraulic pumping units have attracted considerable attention of industry people and have been applied more and more widely in industry. Hydraulic pumping units are developed relatively early abroad,and currently they have been used in oil field successfully. Although hydraulic pumping units are studied a little late in China,some of the prototypes are also applied on testing ground. In this study,the research situation and application of hydraulic pumping units at home and abroad are summarized,and the development prospect of hydraulic pumping units is presented,which is served as a reference for industry people.
Compared to the traditional beam pumping unit,hydraulic pumping units have the following advantages:more compact in structure,lighter in weight,lower in cost,smooth and steady in running,easier in realizing long stroke and adjusting frequency stroke and safety protection,very efficient in energy saving,and so on. Therefore hydraulic pumping units have attracted considerable attention of industry people and have been applied more and more widely in industry. Hydraulic pumping units are developed relatively early abroad,and currently they have been used in oil field successfully. Although hydraulic pumping units are studied a little late in China,some of the prototypes are also applied on testing ground. In this study,the research situation and application of hydraulic pumping units at home and abroad are summarized,and the development prospect of hydraulic pumping units is presented,which is served as a reference for industry people.
引文
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[4]SIVAM srl.SIVAM POWERLIFT[EB/OL].[2011-9-30].Http://www.sivam.com/media/pdf/en/powerlift.pdf.
[5]Weatherford International Ltd.VSH2TM Nitrogenohydraulic Pumping Unit.[EB/OL].[2008-7-1].www.weath erford.com/doc/wft030516.
[6]National Oilwell Varco.30-144.[EB/OL].[2005-4-6].www.nov.com/Work Area/Download Asset.aspx?id=13070.
[7]BPR Enterprises,Inc.HPU.[EB/OL].[2010-9-15].http://www.bpr-enterprises.com/resources/HPUs.pdf.
[8]A Schlumberger Company.KUDU.[EB/OL].[2012.3.1].http://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/artificial_lift/rodlift/KUDU_HSU_brochure.pdf.
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[10]Devon Energy Inc.Lufkin.[EB/OL].[2015-10-11].http://www.lufkin.com/index.php/products-a-services/oilfield/hydraulic-pumping-unit.
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[12]Fesi M A,Lapeyrouse W J,Vincent K H.Hydraulic Oil Well Pumping Apparatus:EP,US 7762321 B2[P].2010.
[13]薄涛.中国液压抽油机的发展概况与技术水平[J].钻采工艺,2002,25(2):60-62.BO Tao.The Development and State of Art of the Hydr-aulic Pumping Unit in China[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2002,25(2):60-62.
[14]陈春安,陈铁民.YCH-抽油机的研制[J].石油机械,1988,16(11):9-14.CHEN Chun'an,CHEN Tiemin.Development of YCH-ⅡHydraulic Pumping Unit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,1988,16(11):9-14.
[15]严少雄.滚筒式液压抽油机[J].液压与气动,1993,(6):14-15.YAN Shaoxiong.Drum Type Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,1993,(6):14-15.
[16]严少雄.长冲程滚筒式液压抽油机[J].石油矿场机械,1994,23(1):40-43.YAN Shaoxiong.Long-stroke Drum-type Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Oil Field Equipment,1994,23(1):40-43.
[17]路甬祥,俞浙青,吴根茂.功率回收型液压抽油机的设计原理[J].石油机械,1995,(2):42-45.LU Yongxiang,YU Zheqing,WU Genmao.Design Principle of Power Recovery Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,1995,(2):42-45.
[18]金波,朱世强,胡辰,等.海上采油平台液压抽油机[J].工程设计学报,2002,9(3):162-164.JIN Bo,ZHU Shiqiang,HU Chen,et al.Offshore Oil Extraction Platform Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2002,9(3):162-164.
[19]刘宇辉,姜继海,刘庆和.基于二次调节技术的液压抽油机节能原理[J].机床与液压,2004,(10):43-44.LIU Yuhui,JIANG Jihai,LIU Qinghe.Energy-saving Prin-ciple of Hydraulic Oil Pumping Units with Secondary Regulation Technique[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2004,(10):43-44.
[20]刘宇辉.液压蓄能器储能型二次调节流量耦联系统研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2009.LIU Yuhui.Study on the Flow-coupled Hydraulic Transmissionwith Secondary Regulation Feeding Regenerative Potential Energy to the Hydraulic Accumulators[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2009.
[21]徐兵,黄方平,黄琪.以蓄能器平衡载荷的变频液压闭式节能抽油机[J].石油机械,2005,33(5):30-32,54.XU Bing,HUANG Fangping,HUANG Qi.An Energy-saving Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Closed Oil Circuit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2005,33(5):30-32,54.
[22]徐兵,黄方平,张斌.新型节能变频闭式液压抽油机的设计[J].机床与液压,2006,(1):72-74.XU Bing,HUANG Fangping,ZHANG Bin.Design of a New Energy-saving Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Variable Speed Control and Closed Oil Circuits[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2006,(1):72-74.
[23]魏新,孙军,周华,等.新型电液比例控制液压抽油机的设计[J].机床与液压,2009,37(2):39-41.WEI Xin,SUN Jun,ZHOU Hua,et al.Design of New Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Electro-hydraulic Proportional Control[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2009,37(2):39-41.
[24]姜继海,刘海昌,谷峰,等.基于二次调节静液传动-变频回馈技术的电能回馈型液压抽油机[J].液压与气动,2009,33(11):41-43.JIANG Jihai,LIU Haichang,GU Feng,et al.Hydraulicpumping Unit Using Secondary Regulation Technology and Variable Frequency Feedback Technology[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2009,33(11):41-43.
[25]齐保良,杨宝昆,高鹤.风电互补液压抽油机的设计[J].液压与气动,2010,(12):72-74.QI Baoliang,YANG Baokun,GAO He.The Design of Wind Power Complementary Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2010,(12):72-74.
[26]刘峰,林超群,李占勇,等.复合式滑轮增程液压抽油机设计[J].石油矿场机械,2015,44(7):39-42。LIU Feng,LIN Chaoqun,LI Zhanyong,et al.Design of Complex Pulley Increasing Stroke Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Oil Field Equipment,2015,44(7):39-42。
[27]刘峰,肖富强,王永信,等.滑轮增程式液压抽油机液压系统设计研究[J].液压与气动,2015,(4):98-101.LIU Feng,XIAO Fuqiang,WANG Yongxin,et al.Design of Hydraulic System of Pulley Increasing Stroke Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2015,(4):98-101.
[28]范文明,宋锦春.新型节能液压抽油机驱动系统设计[J].机械设计与制造,2014,(7):68-71.FAN Wenming,SONG Jinchun.Design of a New Energysaving Driving System for Oil Pumping Unit[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2014,(7):68-71.
[29]王晓宇,梁宏宝.多腔液压缸新型液压抽油机的设计[J].液压与气动,2015,(8):87-90.WANG Xiaoyu,LIANG Hongbao.Design of Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Multicavity Cylinder[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2015,(8):87-90.
[30]赵鹏宇,陈英龙,孙军,等.基于液压平衡的试油试采系统建模与仿真[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(4):650-656.ZHAO Pengyu,CHEN Yinglong,SUN Jun,et al.Modeling and Simulation of Well Test and Production Test System Based on Hydraulic Balance[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2016,50(4):650-656.
[31]高翔.基于二次调节技术液压抽油机节能分析与计算[J].流体传动与控制,2015,(5):16-19.GAO Xiang.Analysis and Calculation on Energy-saving Section of Hydraulic Pumping Unit Based on Secondary Control Technology[J].Fluid Power Transmission&Control,2015,(5):16-19.
[32]李振河,宋锦春,黄裘俊.长冲程节能液压抽油机的创新设计[J].流体传动与控制,2016.LI Zhenhe,SONG Jinchun,HUANG Qiujun.Innovative Design of Long-stroke Energy-saving Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Fluid Power Transmission&Control,2016.
[2]Tundra Process Solutions Ltd.Dyna Pump.[EB/OL].[2001.12.3].http://www.albertacanada.com/mexico/images/TUN DRA_CHOA_presentation_jm_4-30-12_ENG.Pdf.
[3]刘新会,程邵进.全新自动化液压抽油机[J].国外油田工程,2005,21(3):21-22.LIU Xinhui,CHENG Shaojin.A Bran-new and Automatic Hydraulic-pumping Unit[J].Foreign Oilfield Engineering,2005,21(3):21-22.
[4]SIVAM srl.SIVAM POWERLIFT[EB/OL].[2011-9-30].Http://www.sivam.com/media/pdf/en/powerlift.pdf.
[5]Weatherford International Ltd.VSH2TM Nitrogenohydraulic Pumping Unit.[EB/OL].[2008-7-1].www.weath erford.com/doc/wft030516.
[6]National Oilwell Varco.30-144.[EB/OL].[2005-4-6].www.nov.com/Work Area/Download Asset.aspx?id=13070.
[7]BPR Enterprises,Inc.HPU.[EB/OL].[2010-9-15].http://www.bpr-enterprises.com/resources/HPUs.pdf.
[8]A Schlumberger Company.KUDU.[EB/OL].[2012.3.1].http://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/artificial_lift/rodlift/KUDU_HSU_brochure.pdf.
[9]International Artifical Lift LLC.Hydra-Lift.[EB/OL].[2014-9-25].http://www.ialllc.com/files/68401140.pdf.
[10]Devon Energy Inc.Lufkin.[EB/OL].[2015-10-11].http://www.lufkin.com/index.php/products-a-services/oilfield/hydraulic-pumping-unit.
[11]Lea J F,Winkler H W.What's New in Artificial Lift.Part One[J].World Oil,2012,(5):79-85.
[12]Fesi M A,Lapeyrouse W J,Vincent K H.Hydraulic Oil Well Pumping Apparatus:EP,US 7762321 B2[P].2010.
[13]薄涛.中国液压抽油机的发展概况与技术水平[J].钻采工艺,2002,25(2):60-62.BO Tao.The Development and State of Art of the Hydr-aulic Pumping Unit in China[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2002,25(2):60-62.
[14]陈春安,陈铁民.YCH-抽油机的研制[J].石油机械,1988,16(11):9-14.CHEN Chun'an,CHEN Tiemin.Development of YCH-ⅡHydraulic Pumping Unit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,1988,16(11):9-14.
[15]严少雄.滚筒式液压抽油机[J].液压与气动,1993,(6):14-15.YAN Shaoxiong.Drum Type Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,1993,(6):14-15.
[16]严少雄.长冲程滚筒式液压抽油机[J].石油矿场机械,1994,23(1):40-43.YAN Shaoxiong.Long-stroke Drum-type Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Oil Field Equipment,1994,23(1):40-43.
[17]路甬祥,俞浙青,吴根茂.功率回收型液压抽油机的设计原理[J].石油机械,1995,(2):42-45.LU Yongxiang,YU Zheqing,WU Genmao.Design Principle of Power Recovery Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,1995,(2):42-45.
[18]金波,朱世强,胡辰,等.海上采油平台液压抽油机[J].工程设计学报,2002,9(3):162-164.JIN Bo,ZHU Shiqiang,HU Chen,et al.Offshore Oil Extraction Platform Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2002,9(3):162-164.
[19]刘宇辉,姜继海,刘庆和.基于二次调节技术的液压抽油机节能原理[J].机床与液压,2004,(10):43-44.LIU Yuhui,JIANG Jihai,LIU Qinghe.Energy-saving Prin-ciple of Hydraulic Oil Pumping Units with Secondary Regulation Technique[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2004,(10):43-44.
[20]刘宇辉.液压蓄能器储能型二次调节流量耦联系统研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2009.LIU Yuhui.Study on the Flow-coupled Hydraulic Transmissionwith Secondary Regulation Feeding Regenerative Potential Energy to the Hydraulic Accumulators[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2009.
[21]徐兵,黄方平,黄琪.以蓄能器平衡载荷的变频液压闭式节能抽油机[J].石油机械,2005,33(5):30-32,54.XU Bing,HUANG Fangping,HUANG Qi.An Energy-saving Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Closed Oil Circuit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2005,33(5):30-32,54.
[22]徐兵,黄方平,张斌.新型节能变频闭式液压抽油机的设计[J].机床与液压,2006,(1):72-74.XU Bing,HUANG Fangping,ZHANG Bin.Design of a New Energy-saving Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Variable Speed Control and Closed Oil Circuits[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2006,(1):72-74.
[23]魏新,孙军,周华,等.新型电液比例控制液压抽油机的设计[J].机床与液压,2009,37(2):39-41.WEI Xin,SUN Jun,ZHOU Hua,et al.Design of New Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Electro-hydraulic Proportional Control[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2009,37(2):39-41.
[24]姜继海,刘海昌,谷峰,等.基于二次调节静液传动-变频回馈技术的电能回馈型液压抽油机[J].液压与气动,2009,33(11):41-43.JIANG Jihai,LIU Haichang,GU Feng,et al.Hydraulicpumping Unit Using Secondary Regulation Technology and Variable Frequency Feedback Technology[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2009,33(11):41-43.
[25]齐保良,杨宝昆,高鹤.风电互补液压抽油机的设计[J].液压与气动,2010,(12):72-74.QI Baoliang,YANG Baokun,GAO He.The Design of Wind Power Complementary Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2010,(12):72-74.
[26]刘峰,林超群,李占勇,等.复合式滑轮增程液压抽油机设计[J].石油矿场机械,2015,44(7):39-42。LIU Feng,LIN Chaoqun,LI Zhanyong,et al.Design of Complex Pulley Increasing Stroke Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Oil Field Equipment,2015,44(7):39-42。
[27]刘峰,肖富强,王永信,等.滑轮增程式液压抽油机液压系统设计研究[J].液压与气动,2015,(4):98-101.LIU Feng,XIAO Fuqiang,WANG Yongxin,et al.Design of Hydraulic System of Pulley Increasing Stroke Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2015,(4):98-101.
[28]范文明,宋锦春.新型节能液压抽油机驱动系统设计[J].机械设计与制造,2014,(7):68-71.FAN Wenming,SONG Jinchun.Design of a New Energysaving Driving System for Oil Pumping Unit[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2014,(7):68-71.
[29]王晓宇,梁宏宝.多腔液压缸新型液压抽油机的设计[J].液压与气动,2015,(8):87-90.WANG Xiaoyu,LIANG Hongbao.Design of Hydraulic Pumping Unit with Multicavity Cylinder[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2015,(8):87-90.
[30]赵鹏宇,陈英龙,孙军,等.基于液压平衡的试油试采系统建模与仿真[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(4):650-656.ZHAO Pengyu,CHEN Yinglong,SUN Jun,et al.Modeling and Simulation of Well Test and Production Test System Based on Hydraulic Balance[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2016,50(4):650-656.
[31]高翔.基于二次调节技术液压抽油机节能分析与计算[J].流体传动与控制,2015,(5):16-19.GAO Xiang.Analysis and Calculation on Energy-saving Section of Hydraulic Pumping Unit Based on Secondary Control Technology[J].Fluid Power Transmission&Control,2015,(5):16-19.
[32]李振河,宋锦春,黄裘俊.长冲程节能液压抽油机的创新设计[J].流体传动与控制,2016.LI Zhenhe,SONG Jinchun,HUANG Qiujun.Innovative Design of Long-stroke Energy-saving Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Fluid Power Transmission&Control,2016.