液压抽油机液压油的选用及配套液压系统设计
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摘要
针对游梁式抽油机存在的装机功率大、传递效率低、系统能耗大等弊端,各大油田和科研院所开展了大量的液压抽油机研发工作。与常规工程机械不同的是,液压抽油机属于户外工作设备,工作环境恶劣,需要经受高温、低温环境(新疆局部地面温度-40~60℃)的考验;抽汲换向动作频繁(2~3次/min)、连续24 h工作;这些特殊工况,要求在液压系统液压油的选用及系统加热、冷却设计方面要做相应的优化。在借鉴常规液压系统设计要点的基础上,结合液压抽油机的特殊工况,对液压油选用、液压站加热器、冷却器以及温度控制系统的设计原则进行了论述。
In view of the shortcomings of the beam pumping units,major oil fields and research institute researchers carry out a large number research of HPU( Hydraulic Pumping Units). Unlike conventional mechanical engineering,HPU belongs to outdoor equipment,must bear poor working conditions,must subject to high temperature and low temperature environment; swabs frequently and works 24 hours continuously. Optimizations on hydraulic oil selection and system design are needed to meet these special conditions for HPU. Based on the main points of traditional hydraulic system,both the selection of hydraulic oil and system design,including heater,cooler and temperature control system,were discussed.
In view of the shortcomings of the beam pumping units,major oil fields and research institute researchers carry out a large number research of HPU( Hydraulic Pumping Units). Unlike conventional mechanical engineering,HPU belongs to outdoor equipment,must bear poor working conditions,must subject to high temperature and low temperature environment; swabs frequently and works 24 hours continuously. Optimizations on hydraulic oil selection and system design are needed to meet these special conditions for HPU. Based on the main points of traditional hydraulic system,both the selection of hydraulic oil and system design,including heater,cooler and temperature control system,were discussed.
引文
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[2]范文明,宋锦春,刘艳梅.液压抽油机系统节能研究[J].机床与液压,2015,43(19):86-90.FAN W M,SONG J C,LIU Y M.Study on Energy Saving of Oil Pumping Machine Hydraulic System[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2015,43(19):86-90.
[3]宋锦春,李振河,黄裘俊.一种新型节能液压抽油机的设计[J].液压气动与密封,2015(11):62-65.SONG J C,LI Z H,HUANG Q J.Design of a New Energysaving Hydraulic Pumping Unit[J].Hydraulic Pneumatics&Seals,2015(11):62-65.
[4]吴用,刘冬一,胡侃,等.液压油用浸没管式电加热器的设计选用[J].液压气动与密封,2015(5):45-47.WU Y,LIU D Y,HU K,et al.The Selection of Immersion Tubular Electric Heater for Hydraulic Oil[J].Hydraulic Pneumatics&Seals,2015(5):45-47.
[5]梁研科,姚建.液压电梯液压油过热对使用的影响及热平衡验算[J].中国电梯,2012,23(5):37-38,42.LIANG Y K,YAO J.The Over-heat Oil Influence on the Use of Hydraulic Lifts and the Calculation of the Heat Balance[J].China Elevator,2012,23(5):37-38,42.
[6]陈强.液压油的黏度、黏度指数级其选择[J].建设机械技术与管理,2008,21(5):123-127.CHEN Q.The Viscidity Degree,Viscidity Indexes and Selection of Hydraulic Liquiol[J].Construction Machinery Technology&Management,2008,21(5):123-127.
[7]周志强,周海强.低温液压油的选择[J].液压气动与密封,2009,29(2):17-20.ZHOU Z Q,ZHOU H Q.Choice of Low-temperature Hydraulic Oil[J].Hydraulic Pneumatics&Seals,2009,29(2):17-20.
[8]陈惠卿.工程机械用液压油的选择[J].液压气动与密封,2012,32(12):46-51.CHEN H Q.The Selection of Hydraulic Oil for Construction Machine[J].Hydraulic Pneumatics&Seals,2012,32(12):46-51.
[9]吉春和,浮红霞,李华.液压系统中液压油的选择和污染的控制[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2003(8):45-46.JI C H,FU H X,LI H.The Choice and Pollution Control of Hydraulic Fluid in the Hydraulic System[J].Modular Machine Tool&Automatic Manufacturing Technique,2003(8):45-46.
[10]王贵义.液压油的选择与使用[J].工程机械与维修,2007(6):136-137.
[11]栾新立,栾文博.液压系统热平衡计算和冷却方式的设计[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2008,35(1):59-60,63.LUAN X L,LUAN W B.Heat Balance Calculation and Cooling System Design of Hydraulic System[J].Tractor&Farm Transporter,2008,35(1):59-60,63.
[12]张伟,贾福音,董孟娟.液压系统热平衡匹配研究[J].机床与液压,2013,41(10):74,86-87.ZHANG W,JIA F Y,DONG M J.Research on Thermal Equilibrium Match of Hydraulic System[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2013,41(10):74,86-87.