液氮用于天然气井喷抢险应用前景
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摘要
美国墨西哥湾井喷及我国开县井喷都是天然气井钻井失控导致的严重事故,造成了严重的人员伤亡和环境污染。天然气的三级井控是世界难题,若井筒内能形成天然气水合物封堵井喷,将有利于井喷失控状态的控制,井况回归到二级井控的状态,可为后期处理井喷提供时间。液氮已经应用在煤矿降温、灭火作业,用于井筒降温已达到天然气水合物形成的条件。虽然液氮用于天然气井喷控制还存在着注入方式、设备配套等很多挑战,距工业应用还有一定距离,但液氮用于天然气井控具有可行性。
Gas blowout accidents occurring in the Gulf of Mexico of America and China Kaixian are considered the most severe ones resulted from drilling runaway, further leading to serious casualties and environmental pollution. Tertiary well control is a global difficulty. If gas hydrate may form in the wellbore to plug blowout, it should be favorable for controlling this uncontrolled blowout to recover secondary well control so as to provide with sufficient time for blowout control in the late stage. Liquid nitrogen has already been used to implement cooling and fire extinguishing for coal mines. Furthermore, it can be used to decrease wellbore temperature to satisfy certain condition to form gas hydrate. Even through its application to blowout control faces many challenges from aspects of injection mode and support equipment, and it needs to advance a certain distance to realize industrial application. And it's feasible in gas well control.
Gas blowout accidents occurring in the Gulf of Mexico of America and China Kaixian are considered the most severe ones resulted from drilling runaway, further leading to serious casualties and environmental pollution. Tertiary well control is a global difficulty. If gas hydrate may form in the wellbore to plug blowout, it should be favorable for controlling this uncontrolled blowout to recover secondary well control so as to provide with sufficient time for blowout control in the late stage. Liquid nitrogen has already been used to implement cooling and fire extinguishing for coal mines. Furthermore, it can be used to decrease wellbore temperature to satisfy certain condition to form gas hydrate. Even through its application to blowout control faces many challenges from aspects of injection mode and support equipment, and it needs to advance a certain distance to realize industrial application. And it's feasible in gas well control.
引文
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