聚苯乙烯微球在乙醇/水混合分散介质悬浮液气-液界面自组装:快速组装单层胶粒晶体
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摘要
本文提出了一种组装单层聚苯乙烯(PS)胶粒晶体的方法。一定温度下,一定质量比乙醇和水(乙水比K)作为分散介质的悬浮液气-液界面处,可快速自组装出单层PS胶粒晶体。研究表明,悬浮液中的PS微球在对流的带动下到达气-液界面,在两个PS微球之间由弯液面产生的毛细管力推动下组装在一起,并形成组装核心。后续到达气-液界面的PS微球与组装核心持续组装,最终在悬浮液的气-液界面形成单层PS胶粒晶体。通过改变乙水比K,调整混合分散介质与到达气-液界面的PS微球之间的润湿性,进而改变组装推动力,最终实现单层PS晶体的组装。因此分散介质中的乙水比K是单层PS胶粒晶体形成的关键因素。PS微球的质量百分比浓度虽也可影响PS胶粒晶体薄膜的层数,但乙水比K<15∶1时,单纯降低浓度无法得到单层PS胶粒晶体。组装温度仅对晶体的质量产生影响。
A method for the preparation of polystyrene(PS) monolayer colloidal crystal(MCC) was presented in this paper. The sub-micrometer PS colloidal microspheres were self-assembled into MCC at the air-water interface of the emulsion using ethanol and water with certain mass ratio(K,Mass ratio of ethanol and water) as mixed dispersed medium under definite temperature. The results indicate that the PS colloidal microspheres protrude easily from the water surface as a result of water convection. The strong attractive capillary force generated from the meniscus between two PS colloidal microspheres at the air-water interface causes the PS colloidal particles to assemble into the ordered regions(nucleation).These ordered regions grow due to the convective transport of the particles to the ordered regions(aggregation),and the MCC was obtained successfully. The attractive capillary force was changed correspondingly while the wettability between the dispersion medium and the PS colloidal microspheres at the air-water interface was adjusted by the K,therefore the K is a key factor in the formation of the MCC.The layer number of the colloidal crystal were influenced by the mass percentage concentration of the PS microspheres,however the MCC can't be obtained by reducing the concentration merely under the K < 15∶ 1. The ordered arrangement and the number of defects of the MCC were related with temperature.
A method for the preparation of polystyrene(PS) monolayer colloidal crystal(MCC) was presented in this paper. The sub-micrometer PS colloidal microspheres were self-assembled into MCC at the air-water interface of the emulsion using ethanol and water with certain mass ratio(K,Mass ratio of ethanol and water) as mixed dispersed medium under definite temperature. The results indicate that the PS colloidal microspheres protrude easily from the water surface as a result of water convection. The strong attractive capillary force generated from the meniscus between two PS colloidal microspheres at the air-water interface causes the PS colloidal particles to assemble into the ordered regions(nucleation).These ordered regions grow due to the convective transport of the particles to the ordered regions(aggregation),and the MCC was obtained successfully. The attractive capillary force was changed correspondingly while the wettability between the dispersion medium and the PS colloidal microspheres at the air-water interface was adjusted by the K,therefore the K is a key factor in the formation of the MCC.The layer number of the colloidal crystal were influenced by the mass percentage concentration of the PS microspheres,however the MCC can't be obtained by reducing the concentration merely under the K < 15∶ 1. The ordered arrangement and the number of defects of the MCC were related with temperature.
引文
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[23]王晓冬,董鹏,陈胜利,等.亚微米聚苯乙烯微球在气-液界面组装的机理研究[J].物理学报,2007,56(3):1831-1836.
[2]张琦,孟庆波,程丙英,等.大直径聚苯乙烯小球自组织方法制备高质量Opal晶体[J].物理学报,2004,53(1):58-61.
[3]Park S H,Xia Y N.Assembly of Mesoscale Particles over Large Areas and Its Application in Fabricating Tunable Optical Filters[J].Langmuir,1999,15(1):266-273.
[4]Takano K,Nakagawa K.Frequency Analysis of Wavelength Demultiplexers and Optical Filters with Finite 2-D Photonic Crystals[J].Ieice Transactions On Electronics,2001,E84-C(5):669-677.
[5]Cumpston B H,Ananthavel S P,Barlow S,et al.Two-photon Polymerisation Initiators for Three-dimensional Optical Data Storage and Microfabrication[J].Nature,1999,398:51-54.
[6]Lee K,Asher S A.Photonic Crystal Chemical Sensors:p H and Ionic Strength[J].J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2000,122(39):9534-9537.
[7]李扬,齐利民.气液界面胶体球刻蚀法制备二维有序多孔薄膜[J].化学学报,2015,73(9):869-876.
[8]Warkiani M E,Bhagat A A S,Khoo B L,et al.Isoporous Micro/Nanoengineered Membranes[J].ACS Nano,2013,7(3):1882-1904.
[9]Van Rijn P,Tutus M,Kathrein C.Challenges and Advances in the Field of Self-assembled Membranes[J].Chem.Soc.Rev.,2013,42:6578-6592.
[10]Yu N,Capasso F.Flat Optics with Designer Metasurfaces[J].Nat.Mater.,2014,13:139-150.
[11]李群艳,董鹏,刘忍肖,等.单分散Si O2/Ti O2/Si O2多层复合微球的制备[J].无机材料学报,2001,16(5):896-902.
[12]Im S H,Kim M H,Park O O.Thickness Control of Colloidal Crystals with a Substrate Dipped at a Tilted Angle into a Colloidal Suspension[J].Chem.Mater.,2003,15(9):1797-1802.
[13]Wang A J,Chen S L,Dong P.Rapid Fabrication of a Large-area 3D Silica Colloidal Crystal Thin Film by a Room Temperature Floating Selfassembly Method[J].Mater.Lett.,2009,63(18-19):1586-1589.
[14]刘忍肖,董鹏,陈胜利.旋涂法快速制备双层二元胶体微球有序薄膜[J].物理学报,2009,58(4):2820-2828.
[15]Fu Y N,Jin Z G,Liu Z F,et al.Self-assembly of Colloidal Crystals from Polystyrene Emulsion at Elevated Temperature by Dip-drawing Method[J].Mater.Lett.,2008,62(27):4286-4289.
[16]Im S H,Lim Y T,Suh D J,et al.Three-Dimensional Self-Assembly of Colloids at a Water-Air Interface:A Novel Technique for the Fabrication of Photonic Bandgap Crystals[J].Adv.Mater.,2002,14(19):1367-1369.
[17]Deng J G,Tao X M,Li P,et al.A Simple Self-assembly Method for Colloidal Photonic Crystals with a Large Area[J].J.Colloid Interface Sci.,2005,286(2):573-578.
[18]Nam H J,Kim J H,Jung D Y,et al.Two-dimensional Nanopatterning by PDMS Relief Structures of Polymeric Colloidal Crystals[J].Applied Surface Science,2008,254(16):5134-5140.
[19]Im S H,Park O O.Effect of Evaporation Temperature on the Quality of Colloidal Crystals at the Water-Air Interface[J].Langmuir,2002,18(25):9642-9246.
[20]王晓冬,董鹏,仪桂云.制备高质量聚苯乙烯微球胶粒晶体的蒸发自组装法[J].物理学报,2006,55(4):2092-2098.
[21]高芒来,陈刚,张华.酞菁铜阴阳离子分子沉积(MD)膜润湿性研究[J].高等学校化学学报,2003,24(12):2293-2295.
[22]赵青南,刘保顺,赵修建,等.基片温度对直流反应磁控溅射法制备玻璃基Ti O2薄膜结构与亲水性的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2003,31(7):678-681.
[23]王晓冬,董鹏,陈胜利,等.亚微米聚苯乙烯微球在气-液界面组装的机理研究[J].物理学报,2007,56(3):1831-1836.