芡实种仁支链淀粉特性与GeSBE1基因的表达
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摘要
为探究芡实种仁支链淀粉特性及淀粉分支酶基因(SBE)在支链淀粉合成过程中的作用,以芡实品种‘紫花苏芡’、‘紫花刺芡’为试材,分析种仁发育过程中支链淀粉含量、淀粉粒形成、淀粉糊化特性,并克隆‘紫花苏芡’淀粉分支酶基因(GeSBE1)cDNA全长。结果表明:‘紫花苏芡’种仁的支链淀粉含量及支链淀粉与直链淀粉含量的比值均高于‘紫花刺芡’;‘紫花苏芡’种仁的淀粉粒为不规则多面体、棱角明显、大小较均匀,‘紫花刺芡’种仁淀粉粒多数偏圆、棱角少、大小差异较大;‘紫花苏芡’种仁淀粉较‘紫花刺芡’糊化温度低。GeSBE1 cDNA全长2782 bp,开放阅读框为2466 bp,编码821个氨基酸;该基因的cDNA序列与莲藕SBEI基因的同源性高达78%;种仁发育过程中‘紫花苏芡’GeSBE1的表达量均高于‘紫花刺芡’,表明芡实GeSBE1可能与两品种支链淀粉含量的差异有关。
The amylopectin content, the starch pasting properties and the starch grain structures of the seed kemel of two gordon euryale cultivars of Euryale ferox Salisb, 'Zihua Suqian' and 'Zihua Ciqian', were analyzed and a full-length cDNA of the GeSBE1 gene was cloned to characterize the amylopectins in the seed kernel and reveal the role of SBE in the synthesis of amylopectins in the seeds of the two cultivars. It was shown that the amylopectin content and the ratio of amylopectin to amylose content were higher in 'Zihua Suqian' than in 'Zihua Ciqian'. The starch grains of 'Zihua Su qian' were mostly irregular polyhedrons with prominent angles, and relatively uniform in sizes. In contrast, the starch grains of 'Zihua Ciqian' were more or less rounded with much less angles, and more variant in sizes. The starch pasting temperature of the 'Zihua Suqian' was lower than that of the 'Zihua Ciqian'. The cloned GeSBE1 cDNA was 2782 bp long with an open reading frame of 2466 bp which would encode a peptide of 821 amino acid residues. A sequence comparison showed that the GeSBE1 shared a 78% of homology with the SBEI from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. The expression of GeSBE1 in seed kemels of 'Zihua Suqian' was higher than in those of 'Zihua Ciqian' during seed kemel development, suggesting that the gene may be responsible for the differences in amylopectin content in the two cultivars.
The amylopectin content, the starch pasting properties and the starch grain structures of the seed kemel of two gordon euryale cultivars of Euryale ferox Salisb, 'Zihua Suqian' and 'Zihua Ciqian', were analyzed and a full-length cDNA of the GeSBE1 gene was cloned to characterize the amylopectins in the seed kernel and reveal the role of SBE in the synthesis of amylopectins in the seeds of the two cultivars. It was shown that the amylopectin content and the ratio of amylopectin to amylose content were higher in 'Zihua Suqian' than in 'Zihua Ciqian'. The starch grains of 'Zihua Su qian' were mostly irregular polyhedrons with prominent angles, and relatively uniform in sizes. In contrast, the starch grains of 'Zihua Ciqian' were more or less rounded with much less angles, and more variant in sizes. The starch pasting temperature of the 'Zihua Suqian' was lower than that of the 'Zihua Ciqian'. The cloned GeSBE1 cDNA was 2782 bp long with an open reading frame of 2466 bp which would encode a peptide of 821 amino acid residues. A sequence comparison showed that the GeSBE1 shared a 78% of homology with the SBEI from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. The expression of GeSBE1 in seed kemels of 'Zihua Suqian' was higher than in those of 'Zihua Ciqian' during seed kemel development, suggesting that the gene may be responsible for the differences in amylopectin content in the two cultivars.
引文
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[23]莫小玉,曲道峰,韩剑众.不同粳米的淀粉及其糊化特性与食用性能的研究[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(1):78-82.
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[25]吴仰风.芡实种子发育及其淀粉特性的初步研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2007:42-45.
[26]张琪琪,万映秀,曹文昕,等.小麦籽粒硬度及淀粉糊化特性研究[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(5):731-735.
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[28]余静,冉从福,李学军,等.陕糯1号与非糯小麦西农1330胚乳发育及淀粉形态、粒径分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(22):4405-4416.
[29]Baga M,Nair R B,Repellin A,et al.Isolation of a c DNAencoding a granule-bound 152-kilodalton starch-branching enzyme in wheat[J].Plant Physiology,2000,124:253-264.
[30]Nakamura Y,Ono M,Sawada T,et al.Characterization of the functional interactions of plastidial starch phosphorylase and starch branching enzymes from rice endosperm during reserve starch biosynthesis[J].Plant Science,2017,264:83-95.
[2]李良俊,吴仰风,曹培生.芡实的研究现状[J].中国蔬菜,2007(增刊):81-83.
[3]李良俊,吴仰风,曹培生,等.芡实高产栽培技术[J].中国蔬菜,2005(6):51-52.
[4]鲍忠洲.优质芡实-苏芡[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2010:16-19.
[5]黄奭.神农本草经[M].北京:中医药古籍出版社,1982:138-139.
[6]张汆,侯长平,孙艳辉,等.芡实淀粉糊黏度特性研究[J].中国粮油学报,2010,25(4):20-27.
[7]王晶,张然,王立梅,等.芡实淀粉理化性质的研究[J].食品与生物技术学报,2011,30(4):561-564.
[8]刘娴,尹渝来,徐旭,等.芡实种子发育过程中碳水化合物的代谢规律[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(17):132-134.
[9]陈晓明,朱鼎程.洪泽湖野生红莲子、芡实、菱角中淀粉的理化性质研究[J].食品与机械,2012,28(2):31-35.
[10]Wang J,Hu P,Lin L,et al.Gradually decreasing starch branching enzyme expression is responsible for the formation of heterogeneous starch granules[J].Plant Physiology,2018,176(1):582-595.
[11]Pan T,Lin L,Wang J,et al.Long branch-chains of amylopectin with B-type crystallinity in rice seed with inhibition of starch branching enzyme I and IIb resist in situ degradation and inhibit plant growth during seedling development[J].BMC Plant Biology,2018,18(1):9-20.
[12]Bhattacharyya M K,Smith A M,Ellis T H N,et al.The wrinkled-seed character of pea described by Mendel is caused by a transposon-like insertion in a gene encoding starch-branching enzyme[J].Cell,1990,60(1):115-122.
[13]柴晓杰,王丕武,关淑艳,等.玉米淀粉分支酶基因片段的克隆和植物表达载体的构建[J].吉林农业大学学报,2005,27(2):158-161.
[14]陈秀花.转反义Sbe基因提高稻米直链淀粉含量的研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2003:1-2.
[15]中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海市植物生理学会.现代植物生理学试验指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:55-57.
[16]牛森.作物品质分析[M].北京:农业出版社,1990:43-47.
[17]蔡灿辉.高直链淀粉水稻和玉米异形淀粉粒的特性和发育研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2015:1-2.
[18]鲁平,陈俊,吴媛媛,等.糯小麦胚乳发育过程中淀粉粒形态变化及A、B型淀粉粒的显微观察[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(4):29-35.
[19]强新涛.水稻淀粉合成相关基因的优异等位变异及食味品质性状的关联分析[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016:5-6.
[20]李文阳,尹燕枰,时侠清,等.小麦籽粒A、B型淀粉粒淀粉构成与糊化特性的比较[J].华北农学报,2011,26(1):136-139.
[21]韩文芳,熊善柏,李江涛,等.糯米淀粉的晶体性质和糊化特性[J].中国粮油学报,2015,30(8):48-53.
[22]王晨阳,张艳菲,卢红芳,等.花后渍水、高温及其复合胁迫对小麦籽粒淀粉组成与糊化特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(4):813-820.
[23]莫小玉,曲道峰,韩剑众.不同粳米的淀粉及其糊化特性与食用性能的研究[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(1):78-82.
[24]史蕊,钱丽丽,闫平,等.黑龙江不同地域大米糊化特性和直链淀粉含量的研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2014,26(6):54-57.
[25]吴仰风.芡实种子发育及其淀粉特性的初步研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2007:42-45.
[26]张琪琪,万映秀,曹文昕,等.小麦籽粒硬度及淀粉糊化特性研究[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(5):731-735.
[27]符文英,向远鸿,唐启源,等.食用优质稻米胚乳显微结构研究[J].湖南农业大学学报,1997,5(23):411-416.
[28]余静,冉从福,李学军,等.陕糯1号与非糯小麦西农1330胚乳发育及淀粉形态、粒径分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(22):4405-4416.
[29]Baga M,Nair R B,Repellin A,et al.Isolation of a c DNAencoding a granule-bound 152-kilodalton starch-branching enzyme in wheat[J].Plant Physiology,2000,124:253-264.
[30]Nakamura Y,Ono M,Sawada T,et al.Characterization of the functional interactions of plastidial starch phosphorylase and starch branching enzymes from rice endosperm during reserve starch biosynthesis[J].Plant Science,2017,264:83-95.