郑州市某高校公用洗衣机细菌污染状况调查
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摘要
【目的】了解高校公用洗衣机污染状况,为大学生健康洗衣提供有效方法。【方法】采集郑州市某高校100台公用涡轮洗衣机的水源并检测其中的细菌总数。选取上述洗衣机中污染严重的20台平均分为4组,每组5台并编号。每组洗衣机分别采用臭氧、84消毒液、洗衣机机槽清洁粉和洗衣粉四种消毒措施,统计消毒前后洗涤水中细菌总数,比较除菌率。【结果】100台洗衣机水源中均未检出细菌,洗涤水的细菌总数为5 500～31 250 CFU/mL,平均为18 918 CFU/mL,四分位间距为19 500(15 500～22 125)CFU/mL。臭氧、84消毒液、洗衣机机槽清洁粉和洗衣粉的平均除菌率分别为98.05%、96.76%、97.03%和96.33%。四种方法洗涤水中除菌率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】高校公用洗衣机细菌污染严重。普通洗衣粉操作简便、价格低廉且消毒效果良好。
[Objective] To evaluate the contaminative level of communal washing machines in universities and help students to do healthy laundry with an effective method. [Methods] Source water in 100 communal turbine washing machines in a university in the city of Zhengzhou was detected to count their numbers of bacteria.Twenty heavily contaminated washing machines mentioned above were devided into 4 groups.And 5 washing machines in each group were numbered.The sterilizing effects of four kinds of bacteriostatic materials including ozone,84 disinfectant,washing machine slot cleaning powder and washing powder used by the 4 groups of machines,were compared by counting the total number of bacteria with washing water before and after sterilizing. [Results] No bacterium was detected in the source water for the 100 washing machines.In washing water from the 100 washing machines,the total number was 5 500-31 250 CFU/mL(18 918 CFU/mL on average).Median(interquartile range) was 19 500 CFU/mL(15 500-22 125).The average sterilizing rates of the 4 sterilizing approaches using ozone,84 disinfectant,washing machine slot cleaning powder and washing powder were 98.04%,96.75%,97.03% and 96.33% respectively.There was no significant difference found among the four methods(P>0.05). [Conclusion] Bacterial contamination of communal washing machines in the university is serious.Ordinary washing powder proved to be more convenient to use than washing machine slot cleaning powder,with the same sterilizing effect and at lower prices.
[Objective] To evaluate the contaminative level of communal washing machines in universities and help students to do healthy laundry with an effective method. [Methods] Source water in 100 communal turbine washing machines in a university in the city of Zhengzhou was detected to count their numbers of bacteria.Twenty heavily contaminated washing machines mentioned above were devided into 4 groups.And 5 washing machines in each group were numbered.The sterilizing effects of four kinds of bacteriostatic materials including ozone,84 disinfectant,washing machine slot cleaning powder and washing powder used by the 4 groups of machines,were compared by counting the total number of bacteria with washing water before and after sterilizing. [Results] No bacterium was detected in the source water for the 100 washing machines.In washing water from the 100 washing machines,the total number was 5 500-31 250 CFU/mL(18 918 CFU/mL on average).Median(interquartile range) was 19 500 CFU/mL(15 500-22 125).The average sterilizing rates of the 4 sterilizing approaches using ozone,84 disinfectant,washing machine slot cleaning powder and washing powder were 98.04%,96.75%,97.03% and 96.33% respectively.There was no significant difference found among the four methods(P>0.05). [Conclusion] Bacterial contamination of communal washing machines in the university is serious.Ordinary washing powder proved to be more convenient to use than washing machine slot cleaning powder,with the same sterilizing effect and at lower prices.
引文
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[5]王萍,钟志京,梁霞.关于饮水机水细菌污染及使用若干问题探讨[J].四川环境,2006,25(2):48-50,70.
[6]许慧慧,苏瑾,阮素云,等.上海市家用洗衣机微生物污染状况调查[J].上海预防医学,2005,17(5):225-226.
[7]李鸿林,单宁.上海市闸北区家用洗衣机细菌污染情况调查[J].上海预防医学,2005,17(5):227.
[8]刘珏玲,杨伟峰,王毅.细菌生物膜与表面活性剂抗菌的研究进展[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(9):858-860.
[9]赵斌秀,李炎,孙惠惠,等.过碳酸盐洗衣机槽清洗剂相关性能及评价方法的研究[J].中国卫生标准管理,2013,4(4-5):24-28.
[10]张晓华,张学敏.家用洗衣机微生物污染状况研究[J].环境科学与管理,2012,37(8):73-74,109.
[2]BABIˇCM N,ZALAR P,ENKO B,et al.Candida and Fusarium species known as opportunistic human pathogens from customer-accessible parts of residential washing machines[J].Fungal Biol,2015,119(2-3):95-113.
[3]BOCKMUHL D P.Laundry hygiene-how to get more than clean[J].J Appl Microbiol,2017,122(5):1124-1133.
[4]李炎,梁辰,孙惠惠,等.普通民用洗衣机微生物污染状况[J].中国感染控制杂志,2016,15(5):313-316.
[5]王萍,钟志京,梁霞.关于饮水机水细菌污染及使用若干问题探讨[J].四川环境,2006,25(2):48-50,70.
[6]许慧慧,苏瑾,阮素云,等.上海市家用洗衣机微生物污染状况调查[J].上海预防医学,2005,17(5):225-226.
[7]李鸿林,单宁.上海市闸北区家用洗衣机细菌污染情况调查[J].上海预防医学,2005,17(5):227.
[8]刘珏玲,杨伟峰,王毅.细菌生物膜与表面活性剂抗菌的研究进展[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(9):858-860.
[9]赵斌秀,李炎,孙惠惠,等.过碳酸盐洗衣机槽清洗剂相关性能及评价方法的研究[J].中国卫生标准管理,2013,4(4-5):24-28.
[10]张晓华,张学敏.家用洗衣机微生物污染状况研究[J].环境科学与管理,2012,37(8):73-74,109.