单光子探测器SPICE模型及主被动混合淬灭电路研究
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摘要
单光子雪崩光电二极管(SPAD)是目前激光测距领域常见的单光子探测器。针对SPAD在单光子探测应用中的高速淬灭问题,设计了一种可以快速淬灭雪崩电流、缩短偏置电压恢复时间的主被动混合淬灭电路。根据实际使用的SPAD器件相关性能参数,建立了SPAD的SPICE模型;使用被动淬灭电路对该模型进行验证,证实了该模型的准确性和实用性;结合SPICE模型,通过计算机仿真技术对主被动混合淬灭电路进行了参数调整和功能验证。结果表明,所设计电路的淬灭时间和恢复时间分别达到200和400ps,满足单光子激光测距的应用需求。该混合淬灭电路结构简单,可以用于全集成单光子阵列探测器的相关研究。
An mixed active-passive quenching circuit,which can quench the avalanche current and shorten the bias voltage recovery time quickly,was designed.A SPICE model was established for single photon avalanche diode detector(SPAD),and the accuracy and practicability of the model was verified by using passive quenching circuit.Then parameter adjustment and functional verfication of the designed circuit were carried out by combining SPICE model and computer simulation technology.Simulation results show that the quenching time and recovery time of the circuit reaches 150 and 400 ps,respectively,which can meet the requirement of single photon laser ranging.
An mixed active-passive quenching circuit,which can quench the avalanche current and shorten the bias voltage recovery time quickly,was designed.A SPICE model was established for single photon avalanche diode detector(SPAD),and the accuracy and practicability of the model was verified by using passive quenching circuit.Then parameter adjustment and functional verfication of the designed circuit were carried out by combining SPICE model and computer simulation technology.Simulation results show that the quenching time and recovery time of the circuit reaches 150 and 400 ps,respectively,which can meet the requirement of single photon laser ranging.
引文
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[2]聂诚磊,杨晓红,韩勤.量子点单光子探测器的研究进展[J].半导体光电,2013,34(4):542-548.Nie Chenglei,Yang Xiaohong,Han Qin.Research progress of quantum-dot-based single photon detector[J].Semiconductor Optoelectronics,2013,34(4):542-548.
[3]Zappa F,Tisa S,Tosi A,et al.Principles and features of single-photon avalanche diode arrays[J].Sensors&Actuators A Phys.,2007,140(1):103-112.
[4]张秀川,蒋利群,高新江,等.InGaAs/InP盖革模式雪崩焦平面阵列的研制[J].半导体光电,2015,36(3):356-360.Zhang Xiuchuan,Jiang Liqun,Gao Xinjiang,et al.Fabrication of InGaAs/InP Geiger-mode avalanche focal plane arrays[J].Semiconductor Optoelectronics,2015,36(3):356-360.
[5]Tisa S,Zappa F,Tosi A,et al.Electronics for single photon avalanche diode arrays[J].Sensors&Actuators A Phys.,2007,140(1):113-122.
[6]张栎存.单光子探测器的研究与设计[D].北京:北方工业大学,2017.Zhang Licun.Research and design of single-photon detector[D].Beijing:North China University of Technol.,2017.
[7]赵佳姮,赵毅强,叶茂,等.GM-APD阵列高精度像素读出电路设计[J].红外与激光工程,2017,46(1):146-153.Zhao Jiaheng,Zhao Yiqiang,Ye Mao,et al.High precision pixel readout circuit design for GM-APD array[J].Infrared and Laser Engin.,2017,46(1):146-153.
[8]姚群.盖革模式雪崩光电二极管淬灭电路设计[D].南京:东南大学,2016.Yao Qun.Design of avalanche photodiode quenching circuit in Geiger mode[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2016.
[9]Cova S,Longoni A,Andreoni A.Towards picosecond resolution with single-photon avalanche diodes[J].Rev.of Scientific Instruments,1981,52(3):408-412.
[10]Mora A D,Tosi A,Tisa S,et al.Single-photon avalanche diode model for circuit simulations[J].IEEE Photon.Technol.Lett.,2007,19(23):1922-1924.
[11]周扬,陈永平.SPAD的EDA模型及其在集成淬火电路设计中的应用[J].半导体光电,2010,31(5):694-697,701.Zhou Yang,Chen Yongping.EDA model for single-photon avalanche diodes and its application in integrate quenching circuits design[J].Semiconductor Optoelectronics,2010,31(5):694-697,701.
[12]许中园,孙胜利,陆卫.用于空间目标单光子探测的SPAD性能定标[J].半导体光电,2010,31(2):328-332.Xu Zhongyuan,Sun Shengli,Lu Wei.Calibration results of SPAD in single-photon detection for space targets[J].Semiconductor Optoelectronics,2010,31(2):328-332.