基于ZYNQ的非制冷红外热像仪设计与实现
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摘要
常用的红外热像仪信号处理方案主要有3种,分立的ARM或DSP+FPGA方案、TI达芬奇处理器方案和FPGA方案。以上3种方案分别存在芯片间带宽不足、不能支持焦平面探测器、串行处理不易实现等缺点。针对这些问题,提出一种基于Xilinx ZYNQ处理器的红外热像仪信号处理方案,该方案选择非制冷红外焦平面探测器作为敏感元件。系统工作时,探测器产生的信号首先经过信号处理和模数转换操作,然后输入到ZYNQ中,在ZYNQ内部完成非均均匀性校正、温度测定和图像增强等处理,最后通过千兆以太网或者HDMI接口输出。试验表明该方案数据带宽充足,能适配各种焦平面探测器或者红外机芯,串行处理易于实现。使用该方案设计的系统成像效果良好,测温精度满足要求。
Three signal processing schemes are widely used in infrared imaging systems. Their respective designs are based on separated ARM or DSP and FPGA, the TI Da-Vinci processor, and FPGA. All of these schemes have obvious defects, such as bandwidth shortage, incompatibility with infrared focal plane arrays(IRFPA), or inconvenience of implementing serial processing, etc. In this study, a signal processing schema based on the Xilinx ZYNQ processor is proposed to address these issues. The proposed schema leverages an uncooled focal plane array as the sensor. When the system initiates operation, the signal generated from the sensor is firstly transferred into ZYNQ after signal processing and analog-digital conversion. Subsequently, a series of operations including the non-uniformity correction(NUC), temperature measurement, and image enhancement are performed on the signal in ZYNQ. Finally, the corrected signal is output by the GigE interface or the HDMI port.A series of experiments demonstrate that the system designed from our proposed scheme is bandwidth-abundant,IRFPA-incompatible, and facile for the serial processing implementation. Our proposed system achieves attractive imaging performance and accurate temperature measurements.
Three signal processing schemes are widely used in infrared imaging systems. Their respective designs are based on separated ARM or DSP and FPGA, the TI Da-Vinci processor, and FPGA. All of these schemes have obvious defects, such as bandwidth shortage, incompatibility with infrared focal plane arrays(IRFPA), or inconvenience of implementing serial processing, etc. In this study, a signal processing schema based on the Xilinx ZYNQ processor is proposed to address these issues. The proposed schema leverages an uncooled focal plane array as the sensor. When the system initiates operation, the signal generated from the sensor is firstly transferred into ZYNQ after signal processing and analog-digital conversion. Subsequently, a series of operations including the non-uniformity correction(NUC), temperature measurement, and image enhancement are performed on the signal in ZYNQ. Finally, the corrected signal is output by the GigE interface or the HDMI port.A series of experiments demonstrate that the system designed from our proposed scheme is bandwidth-abundant,IRFPA-incompatible, and facile for the serial processing implementation. Our proposed system achieves attractive imaging performance and accurate temperature measurements.
引文
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[13]李云红,孙晓刚,原桂彬.红外热像仪精确测温技术[J].光学精密工程,2007,9.LI Yunhong,SUN Xiaogang.YUAN Guibin.Accurate measuring temperature with infrared thermal imager[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2007,9.
[14]张宝辉,姚立斌,张巍伟,等.红外图像校正与增强技术研究现状[J].红外技术,2017,39(6):481-488.ZHANG Baohui,YAO Libin,ZHANG Weiwei,et,al.The Current Research Status of Infrared Image Correction and Enhancement[J].Infrared Technology,2017,39(6):481-488.
[15]LIANG K,MA Y,XIE Y,et al.A new adaptive contrast enhancement algorithm for infrared images based on double plateaus histogram equalization[J].Infrared Physics&Technology,2012,55(4):309-315.
[16]Abidi B,ZHENG Y,Gribok A,et al.Screener evaluation of pseudo-colored single energy X-ray luggage images[C]//Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition-Workshops,IEEE Computer Society Conference on.IEEE,2005:35-35.
[2]陈凯,孙德新,刘银年.应用于森林火灾监测的中波红外相机设计[J].红外技术,2016,38(6):514-518.CHEN Kai,SUN Dexin,LIU Yinnian.Design of MWIR Camera Applied to Forest Fire Monitoring[J].Infrared Technology,2016,38(6):514-518.
[3]刘涛,张晔,李亮,等.“高分四号”卫星大面阵红外相机视频处理电路的FPGA设计[J].航天返回与遥感,2017,38(3):109-115.LIU Tao,ZHANG Ye,LI Liang.FPGA Design of“GF-4”Satellite Large-array Infrared Camera Video Processing Circuit[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2017,38(3):109-115.
[4]吴华,谢礼莹,徐泽宇.基于ARM9的红外热像仪设计与实现[J].计算机工程,2010,36(16):234-236.WU Hua,XIE Liying,XU Zeyu.Design and Implementation of Thermal Infrared Camera Based on ARM 9[J].Computer Engineering,2010,36(16):234-236.
[5]陈钱.红外图像处理技术现状及发展趋势[J].红外技术,2013,35(6):311-318.CHEN Qian.The Status and Development Trend of Infrared Image Processing Technology[J].Infrared Technology,2013,35(6):311-318.
[6]SUI X,CHEN Q,GU G.A novel non-uniformity evaluation metric of infrared imaging system[J].Infrared Physics&Technology,2013,60:155-160.
[7]ZHOU H,LIU S,LAI R,et al.Solution for the nonuniformity correction of infrared focal plane arrays[J].Applied Optics,2005,44(15):2928-2932.
[8]牟新刚,张桂林,胡若澜,等.一种红外图像采集与校正系统的设计与实现[J].激光与红外,2008,38(8):830-833.MOU Xingang,ZHANG Guilin,HU Ruolan,et al.Design and Implementation of the IR Image Acquisition and Correction System[J].LASER&INFRARED,2008,38(8):830-833.
[9]MOU X,ZHANG G,HU R.A design of real-time scene-based nonuniformity correction system[C]//MIPPR 2009:Multispectral Image Acquisition and Processing.International Society for Optics and Photonics,2009,7494:749422.
[10]刘会通,易新建.红外焦平面阵列非均匀性的两点校正及依据[J].红外与激光工程,2004,33(1):76-78.LIU Huitong,YI Xinjian.Two-point nonuniformity correction for IRFPAand its physical motivation[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2004,33(1):76-78.
[11]石岩,张天序,王岳环,等.红外焦平面非均匀性两点校正法分析及FPGA实现[J].激光与红外,2005,35(2):100-103.SHI Yan,ZHANG Tianxu,WANG Yuehuan,et al.Study on Two-points Nonuniformity Correction Algorithm for IRFPA and Implementation by Using FPGA[J].LASER&INFRARED,2005,35(2):100-103.
[12]ZHANG Y,CHEN Y,FU X,et al.A method for reducing the influence of measuring distance on infrared thermal imager temperature measurement accuracy[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,100:1095-1101.
[13]李云红,孙晓刚,原桂彬.红外热像仪精确测温技术[J].光学精密工程,2007,9.LI Yunhong,SUN Xiaogang.YUAN Guibin.Accurate measuring temperature with infrared thermal imager[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2007,9.
[14]张宝辉,姚立斌,张巍伟,等.红外图像校正与增强技术研究现状[J].红外技术,2017,39(6):481-488.ZHANG Baohui,YAO Libin,ZHANG Weiwei,et,al.The Current Research Status of Infrared Image Correction and Enhancement[J].Infrared Technology,2017,39(6):481-488.
[15]LIANG K,MA Y,XIE Y,et al.A new adaptive contrast enhancement algorithm for infrared images based on double plateaus histogram equalization[J].Infrared Physics&Technology,2012,55(4):309-315.
[16]Abidi B,ZHENG Y,Gribok A,et al.Screener evaluation of pseudo-colored single energy X-ray luggage images[C]//Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition-Workshops,IEEE Computer Society Conference on.IEEE,2005:35-35.