深季节冻土地区基坑工程水平冻胀力试验研究
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摘要
以深季节冻土地区越冬深基坑为研究对象,采用物理模型试验方法,研究了深基坑在冻融过程中的冻胀力的变化特征.结果表明:深基坑在冻结过程中,冻结深度和冻胀力均随着时间的增加而增大,但不同深度处的水平冻胀力增长幅度差异明显.在冻结结束后的融化阶段,基坑底部的冻胀力仍保持增大趋势,而基坑上部的冻胀力先小幅的增大,随后缓慢的减小.基坑在冻结阶段中沿桩底部至顶部,冻胀力经历了减小-增大-减小的阶段,冻结过程中,基坑底部位置冻胀力急速增加,试验测得冻胀力达到了42kPa,对应基坑原型后为840kPa,远大于《冻土地区建筑地基基础设计规范》JGJ 118—2011中挡土墙水平冻胀力设计值,甚至达到现行规范给定设计土压力的4倍.
A deep foundation pit in deep seasonal frozen soil regions was studied by model test to get the behavior of frost-heave force in freezing and thawing period.The results show that in the process of frost heave of deep foundation pit,both freezing depth and frost-heave force increase with time,but the increments of horizontal frost-heave forces in different places are different.The variation trends of the top and bottom of deep foundation pit are different at the melting stage.The frost-heave force keeps increasing at the bottom of the pit while it first increases slightly and then slowly decreases at the top.Along the bottom to the top of the pile,the frost-heaving force experienced a phase of decrease-increase and the decrease.In the process of frost heave,the bottom frost-heaving force increase rapidly.The frost-heaving force canreach 42 kPa and 840 kPa in prototype deformation which is 4 times as the stated value of retaining wall of Code for Design of Soil and Foundation of Building in Frozen Soil Region.
A deep foundation pit in deep seasonal frozen soil regions was studied by model test to get the behavior of frost-heave force in freezing and thawing period.The results show that in the process of frost heave of deep foundation pit,both freezing depth and frost-heave force increase with time,but the increments of horizontal frost-heave forces in different places are different.The variation trends of the top and bottom of deep foundation pit are different at the melting stage.The frost-heave force keeps increasing at the bottom of the pit while it first increases slightly and then slowly decreases at the top.Along the bottom to the top of the pile,the frost-heaving force experienced a phase of decrease-increase and the decrease.In the process of frost heave,the bottom frost-heaving force increase rapidly.The frost-heaving force canreach 42 kPa and 840 kPa in prototype deformation which is 4 times as the stated value of retaining wall of Code for Design of Soil and Foundation of Building in Frozen Soil Region.
引文
[1]黑龙江省寒地建筑科学研究院.冻土地区建筑地基基础设计规范:JGJ 118—2011[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011:15-23.Heilongjiang Cold Land Institute of Architecture Science.Code for design of soil and foundation building in frozen soil region:JGJ 118—2011[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2011:15-23.
[2]王家伟.季节冻土地区深基坑桩锚支护体系安全性研究[J].交通科学与工程,2012,28(1):52-55.WANG Jiawei.Study on the security of a ultra-deep foundation pit with the pile-anchor support structure in the seasonal frozen earth[J].Journal of Transport Science and Engineering,2012,28(1):52-55.
[3]KINGSBURY D W,SANDFORD T G,HUMPHREY D N.Soil nail forces caused by frost[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2002,1808(1):38-46.
[4]冷毅飞,张喜发,张冬青.季节冻土区公路路基细粒土冻胀敏感性研究[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(2):211-216.LENG Yifei,ZHANG Xifa,ZHANG Dongqing.Study of frost heaving subgrade susceptibility of fine-grain soil of high way in seasonally frozen ground regions[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2006,28(2):211-216.
[5]吴礼舟,许强,黄润秋.非饱和黏土的冻胀融沉过程分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(4):1025-1028.WU Lizhou,XU Qiang,HUANG Runqiu.Analysis of freezing-thawing test process of unsaturated clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(4):1025-1028.
[6]马巍,朱元林,马文婷,等.冻结黏性土的变形分析[J].冰川冻土,2000,22(1):43-47.MA Wei,ZHU Yuanlin,MA Wenting,et al.Analyses of deformation in frozen clayey soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2000,12(1):43-47.
[7]李岩,刘波,张建新.竖向直排冻结条件水平冻胀力试验研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3199-3206.LI Yan,LIU Bo,ZHANG Jianxin.Experimental research on horizontal frost heaving force of vertical freezing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3199-3206.
[8]孙超,邵艳红.负温对基坑悬臂桩水平冻胀力影响的模拟研究[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(4):1136-1141.SUN Chao,SHAO Yanhong.Simulation studies of effect in foundation pit cantilever pile of horizontal frost heaving force under negative temperature[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(4):1136-1141.
[9]姚直书,程桦,夏红兵.特深基坑排桩冻土墙围护结构的冻胀力模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):415-420.YAO Zhishu,CHENG Hua,XIA Hongbing.Model test study on frost-heaving force in retaining structure of row-piles and frozen soil wall of super deep foundation pit[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):415-420.
[10]张智浩,马凛,韩晓猛,等.季节性冻土区深基坑桩锚支护结构冻胀变形控制研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(增1):65-71.ZHANG Zhihao,MA Lin,HAN Xiaomeng,et al.Frost heaving deformation control of the pill anchor retaining structure of deep foundation pits in seasonal frozen soil regions[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(Sup 1):65-71.
[11]谢欣,董天文,谢鲁齐,等.冻融循环对桩锚基坑桩间土影响的监测与分析[J].交通科学与工程,2014(4):27-32.XIE Xin,DONG Tianwen,XIE Luqi,et al.Monitoring and analysis of the effects of the freeze-thaw cycle on the earth between the piles in pile-anchor foundation pits[J].Journal of Transport Science and Engineering,2014(4):27-32.
[12]高鹏飞.包头某越冬基坑桩锚支护结构的受力变形监测及研究[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2014:19-36.GAO Pengfei.The monitoring and research on the force and deformation of pile-anchor supporting structure of a overwintering foundation pit in Baotou[D].Baotou:Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,2014:19-36.
[13]范学敏.冻胀条件下土质深基坑工程监测与数值分析[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2015:17-23.FAN Xuemin.Monitoring and numerical analysis on soil deep foundation pit engineering under heaving conditions[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2015:17-23.
[14]冯建伟.基于监测信息的排桩冻结法深基坑正反演分析[D].南京:河海大学,2005:45-71.FENG Jianwei.Positive-back analysis of frozen rowpiles in deep excavation based on monitoring information[D].Nanjing:HoHai University,2005:45-71.
[15]王艳杰.季节性冻土区越冬基坑水平冻胀力研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014:45-77.WANG Yanjie.Study on horizontal frost heaving force of overwintering pit in seasonal frozen soil regions[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014:45-77.
[16]胡成超.深基坑桩锚支护结构受力变形特性及土压力反算研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013.20-67.HU Chengchao.Study on stress-deformation characteristics of pile-anchor supporting structure and back analysis of earth pressure for deep pit[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2013:20-67.
[17]陈忠汉,黄书秩,程丽萍.深基坑工程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002:239-292.CHEN Zhonghan,HUANG Shuzhi.CHENG liping.Deep foundation pit engineering[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2002:239-292.
[18]崔成汉.冻土工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994:1-53.CUI Chenghan.Frozen ground engineering[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1994:1-53.
[19]崔广心.冻结法凿井的模拟试验原理[J].中国矿业大学学报,1989,18(1):59-68.CUI Guangxin.Simulation test theory of freezing method shaft sinking[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1989,18(1):59-68.
[20]BEYABANAKI A R,VOJTECH G.3D numerical parametric study of the influence of open-pit mining sequence on existing tunnels[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017,27(3):459-466.
[21]崔广心.相似理论与模型试验[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1990:14-72.CUI Guangxin.Similarity theory and model test[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1990:14-72.
[22]李涛,朱连华,李彬如,等.深基坑开挖土拱效应影响因素研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(1):58-65.LI Tao,ZHU Lianhua,LI Binru,et al.Study of the influence factors of soil arching effect for deep foundation pit excavation[J].Journal of China University of Minging&Technology,2017,46(1):58-65.
[23]冯梅梅,吴疆宇,王忠昶.考虑渗流效应的盾构始发井土压力研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(5):930-936.FENG Meimei,WU Jaingyu,WANG Zhongchang.Stydy of each pressure of shield-construction origination shaft considering seepagr[J].Journal of China University of Minging&Technology,2016,45(5):930-936.
[24]李晓俊.不同约束条件下细粒土一维冻胀力试验研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010:43-60.LI Xiaojun.One dimensional frost heaving experiment on fine grained soil under different constraints[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2010:43-60.
[25]仇文革,孙兵.冻土三轴冻胀应力应变试验方法研究[J].冰川冻土,2010,32(1):116-120.QIU Wenge.SUN Bing.Study of the experiment method for triaxial frost heaving constitutive relations of frozen soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2010,32(1):116-120.
[2]王家伟.季节冻土地区深基坑桩锚支护体系安全性研究[J].交通科学与工程,2012,28(1):52-55.WANG Jiawei.Study on the security of a ultra-deep foundation pit with the pile-anchor support structure in the seasonal frozen earth[J].Journal of Transport Science and Engineering,2012,28(1):52-55.
[3]KINGSBURY D W,SANDFORD T G,HUMPHREY D N.Soil nail forces caused by frost[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2002,1808(1):38-46.
[4]冷毅飞,张喜发,张冬青.季节冻土区公路路基细粒土冻胀敏感性研究[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(2):211-216.LENG Yifei,ZHANG Xifa,ZHANG Dongqing.Study of frost heaving subgrade susceptibility of fine-grain soil of high way in seasonally frozen ground regions[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2006,28(2):211-216.
[5]吴礼舟,许强,黄润秋.非饱和黏土的冻胀融沉过程分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(4):1025-1028.WU Lizhou,XU Qiang,HUANG Runqiu.Analysis of freezing-thawing test process of unsaturated clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(4):1025-1028.
[6]马巍,朱元林,马文婷,等.冻结黏性土的变形分析[J].冰川冻土,2000,22(1):43-47.MA Wei,ZHU Yuanlin,MA Wenting,et al.Analyses of deformation in frozen clayey soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2000,12(1):43-47.
[7]李岩,刘波,张建新.竖向直排冻结条件水平冻胀力试验研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3199-3206.LI Yan,LIU Bo,ZHANG Jianxin.Experimental research on horizontal frost heaving force of vertical freezing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3199-3206.
[8]孙超,邵艳红.负温对基坑悬臂桩水平冻胀力影响的模拟研究[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(4):1136-1141.SUN Chao,SHAO Yanhong.Simulation studies of effect in foundation pit cantilever pile of horizontal frost heaving force under negative temperature[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(4):1136-1141.
[9]姚直书,程桦,夏红兵.特深基坑排桩冻土墙围护结构的冻胀力模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):415-420.YAO Zhishu,CHENG Hua,XIA Hongbing.Model test study on frost-heaving force in retaining structure of row-piles and frozen soil wall of super deep foundation pit[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):415-420.
[10]张智浩,马凛,韩晓猛,等.季节性冻土区深基坑桩锚支护结构冻胀变形控制研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(增1):65-71.ZHANG Zhihao,MA Lin,HAN Xiaomeng,et al.Frost heaving deformation control of the pill anchor retaining structure of deep foundation pits in seasonal frozen soil regions[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(Sup 1):65-71.
[11]谢欣,董天文,谢鲁齐,等.冻融循环对桩锚基坑桩间土影响的监测与分析[J].交通科学与工程,2014(4):27-32.XIE Xin,DONG Tianwen,XIE Luqi,et al.Monitoring and analysis of the effects of the freeze-thaw cycle on the earth between the piles in pile-anchor foundation pits[J].Journal of Transport Science and Engineering,2014(4):27-32.
[12]高鹏飞.包头某越冬基坑桩锚支护结构的受力变形监测及研究[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2014:19-36.GAO Pengfei.The monitoring and research on the force and deformation of pile-anchor supporting structure of a overwintering foundation pit in Baotou[D].Baotou:Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,2014:19-36.
[13]范学敏.冻胀条件下土质深基坑工程监测与数值分析[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2015:17-23.FAN Xuemin.Monitoring and numerical analysis on soil deep foundation pit engineering under heaving conditions[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2015:17-23.
[14]冯建伟.基于监测信息的排桩冻结法深基坑正反演分析[D].南京:河海大学,2005:45-71.FENG Jianwei.Positive-back analysis of frozen rowpiles in deep excavation based on monitoring information[D].Nanjing:HoHai University,2005:45-71.
[15]王艳杰.季节性冻土区越冬基坑水平冻胀力研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014:45-77.WANG Yanjie.Study on horizontal frost heaving force of overwintering pit in seasonal frozen soil regions[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014:45-77.
[16]胡成超.深基坑桩锚支护结构受力变形特性及土压力反算研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013.20-67.HU Chengchao.Study on stress-deformation characteristics of pile-anchor supporting structure and back analysis of earth pressure for deep pit[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2013:20-67.
[17]陈忠汉,黄书秩,程丽萍.深基坑工程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002:239-292.CHEN Zhonghan,HUANG Shuzhi.CHENG liping.Deep foundation pit engineering[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2002:239-292.
[18]崔成汉.冻土工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994:1-53.CUI Chenghan.Frozen ground engineering[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1994:1-53.
[19]崔广心.冻结法凿井的模拟试验原理[J].中国矿业大学学报,1989,18(1):59-68.CUI Guangxin.Simulation test theory of freezing method shaft sinking[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1989,18(1):59-68.
[20]BEYABANAKI A R,VOJTECH G.3D numerical parametric study of the influence of open-pit mining sequence on existing tunnels[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017,27(3):459-466.
[21]崔广心.相似理论与模型试验[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1990:14-72.CUI Guangxin.Similarity theory and model test[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1990:14-72.
[22]李涛,朱连华,李彬如,等.深基坑开挖土拱效应影响因素研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(1):58-65.LI Tao,ZHU Lianhua,LI Binru,et al.Study of the influence factors of soil arching effect for deep foundation pit excavation[J].Journal of China University of Minging&Technology,2017,46(1):58-65.
[23]冯梅梅,吴疆宇,王忠昶.考虑渗流效应的盾构始发井土压力研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(5):930-936.FENG Meimei,WU Jaingyu,WANG Zhongchang.Stydy of each pressure of shield-construction origination shaft considering seepagr[J].Journal of China University of Minging&Technology,2016,45(5):930-936.
[24]李晓俊.不同约束条件下细粒土一维冻胀力试验研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010:43-60.LI Xiaojun.One dimensional frost heaving experiment on fine grained soil under different constraints[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2010:43-60.
[25]仇文革,孙兵.冻土三轴冻胀应力应变试验方法研究[J].冰川冻土,2010,32(1):116-120.QIU Wenge.SUN Bing.Study of the experiment method for triaxial frost heaving constitutive relations of frozen soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2010,32(1):116-120.