光学隐蔽深度测量系统的小型化设计
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摘要
为了保障航行器水下航行时对可见光波段光学隐蔽的需求,以及实时测量其所在位置的光学隐蔽深度,设计了小型化可见光波段的光学隐蔽深度测量系统。根据光学隐蔽深度模型,优化设计了海水上行辐照度、海水下行辐照度、海水漫衰减系数、海水体衰减系数的测量方法。优化设计后的系统有21个测量通道,测量光谱为390~667nm,工作深度可达50m。进行了海上试验,试验结果显示:在天气良好的条件下,水下航行器在520~560nm可见光波段内存在暴露窗口,同时测得特征长度为0.75m的模型的光学隐蔽深度为3.5m。得到的结果表明,设计的小型化可见光波段光学隐蔽深度测量系统可以实现光学隐蔽深度的测量,测量装置具有体积小、重量轻、系统性能稳定等优点,适用于水下航行器搭载,可为下一步实现可自主升降的光学隐蔽深度测量系统设计提供理论技术支撑。
To guarantee the demand of an underwater vehicle in sailing for the optical concealment in the visible light band and to measure the optical concealment depth of the underwater vehicle in real time,a miniature optical concealment depth measuring system for the visible light band was designed.Due to a model for optical concealment depth,the measuring methods for seawater upward irradiance,seawater downwelling irradiance,the diffuse attenuation coefficient of sea water,and sea water body attenuation coefficient were designed optimally.After optimization,the system has 21 measuring channels with the measurement spectral range from 390 nm to 667 nm,and working depth up to 50 m.A test on the sea was performed,and the test results show that there is an exposure window in the visible light range of 520-560 nm for the underwater vehicle under good weather conditions,meanwhile,the optical concealment depth of the underwater model with a feature length of 0.75 mis 3.5m.The test results indicate that the miniaturization design of the optical concealment depth measuring system realizes the measurement of the optical concealment depth in the visible light band.The measuring device has advantages on small size and light weight and the system is stable for carrying on the underwater vehicle and provides theoretical and technical supports for the design of the optical con-cealment depth measuring system which can be independently lifted.
To guarantee the demand of an underwater vehicle in sailing for the optical concealment in the visible light band and to measure the optical concealment depth of the underwater vehicle in real time,a miniature optical concealment depth measuring system for the visible light band was designed.Due to a model for optical concealment depth,the measuring methods for seawater upward irradiance,seawater downwelling irradiance,the diffuse attenuation coefficient of sea water,and sea water body attenuation coefficient were designed optimally.After optimization,the system has 21 measuring channels with the measurement spectral range from 390 nm to 667 nm,and working depth up to 50 m.A test on the sea was performed,and the test results show that there is an exposure window in the visible light range of 520-560 nm for the underwater vehicle under good weather conditions,meanwhile,the optical concealment depth of the underwater model with a feature length of 0.75 mis 3.5m.The test results indicate that the miniaturization design of the optical concealment depth measuring system realizes the measurement of the optical concealment depth in the visible light band.The measuring device has advantages on small size and light weight and the system is stable for carrying on the underwater vehicle and provides theoretical and technical supports for the design of the optical con-cealment depth measuring system which can be independently lifted.
引文
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[3]付跃刚,邸旭,刘智颖,等.目标激光反射率测试方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2006,27(2):1215-1216.FU Y G,DI X,LIU ZH Y,et al..Method of target laser reflectivity measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2006,27(2):1215-1216.(in Chinese)
[4]李家良.潜艇运动光电特性及隐蔽技术发展动向综述[J].现代防御技术,2010,38(5):145-149.LI J L.A summary of the development of the photoelectric characteristics of the submarine and the development of the concealed technology[J].Modern Defense Technology,2010,38(5):145-149.(in Chinese)
[5]杨日杰,蒋志忠,陈建勇,等.航空搜潜研究综述[J].海军航空工程学院学报,2010,25(5):552-558.YANG R J,JIANG ZH ZH,CHEN J Y,et al..Overview of aviation search and research[J].Journal of Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University,2010,25(5):552-558.(in Chinese)
[6]姜璐,朱海,李松,等.机载激光雷达最大探测深度同海水透明度的关系[J].激光与红外,2005,35(6):397-399.JIANG L,ZHU H,LI S,et al..The relationship between the airborne laser radar maximum detection depth of seawater transparency[J].Laser and Infrared,2005,35(6):397-399.(in Chinese)
[7]陈立贞.中国海垂直非均匀海洋光学特性进一步研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.CHEN L ZH.Chinese Sea Vertically Inhomogeneous Ocean Optical Properties for Further Study[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2012.(in Chinese)
[8]朱海荣,朱海,刘金涛,等.水下航行器光学隐蔽深度测量系统[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(10):2778-2784.ZHU H R,ZHU H,LIU J T,et al..The design of measurement system for optical concealment depth of underwater vehicle[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2015,23(10):2778-2784.(in Chinese)
[9]王红,田铁印.5倍变焦距光学系统小型化设计[J].中国光学,2014,7(2):315-319.WANG H,TIAN T Y.Miniature design of 5zoom optical system[J].Chinese Optics,2014,7(2):315-319.(in Chinese)
[10]曹文熙,郭永飞,杨跃忠.多波段水下光谱辐射计[J].高技术通讯,2002,12(1):96-101.CAO W X,GUO Y F,YANG Y ZH.Multi band underwater spectral radiometer[J].High Tech Communication,2002,12(1):96-101.(in Chinese)
[11]曹文熙,杨跃忠,柯天存,等.水下光谱辐射计光学特性的测试与分析[J].热带海洋学报,2004,21(1):1-10.CAO W X,YANG Y ZH,KE T C.Test and analysis of optical properties of underwater spectral radiometer[J].Journal of Tropical Oceans,2004,21(1):1-10.(in Chinese)
[12]李彩,柯天存,曹文熙,等.锚链式水下多光谱辐射计的设计[J].光学技术,2004,30(6):665-668.LI C,KE T C,CAO W X,et al..Design of a moored underwater multi-channel radiometer[J].Optical Technology,2004,30(6):665-668.(in Chinese)