初至波剩余静校正技术在南安集海地区的应用
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摘要
准噶尔盆地南缘山前南安集海探区表层结构复杂,常规的基准面静校正技术难以有效解决严重的基准面静校正问题,导致基于相关的自动反射波剩余静校正方法受地震记录信噪比低和最大1/2波形周期静校正量的限制而不能很好地解决复杂近地表的剩余静校正问题。初至波剩余静校正方法由高信噪比初至时差统计求解炮检点的剩余静校正量,不需依赖表层模型、较高信噪比资料等,对校正量的大小也无限制,侧重补充基准面静校正量的中、高频分量。通过应用和进一步研究,明晰了模型曲线和差分两种初至波剩余静校正技术的应用假设前提及综合应用思路,并在南安集海探区获得了良好的应用效果。
In the southern of Anjiha,mountain front of Junggar Basin southern margin,it is usually very difficult to solve serious field statics problem with conventional datum correction methods due to complex near-surface structures.As a result,residual static corrections cannot be well achieved due to seismic data low signal-tonoise ratio(SNR).To solve the problem we propose first-break residual statics method,which uses statistics of high-SNR data first breaks to calculate residual statics of shotpoints or receivers.This method does not depend on surface models,and has not the limit of statics.We discuss also in the paper favorable conditions for application of 2 residual static corrections:modelcurve method and difference method.They achieve good results in the southern of Anjihai area.
In the southern of Anjiha,mountain front of Junggar Basin southern margin,it is usually very difficult to solve serious field statics problem with conventional datum correction methods due to complex near-surface structures.As a result,residual static corrections cannot be well achieved due to seismic data low signal-tonoise ratio(SNR).To solve the problem we propose first-break residual statics method,which uses statistics of high-SNR data first breaks to calculate residual statics of shotpoints or receivers.This method does not depend on surface models,and has not the limit of statics.We discuss also in the paper favorable conditions for application of 2 residual static corrections:modelcurve method and difference method.They achieve good results in the southern of Anjihai area.
引文
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[14] 赵秀莲,许士勇,马在田.转换波剩余静校正方法与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):532-538.ZHAO Xiulian,XU Shiyong,MA Zaitian.Method of PS wave residual static corrections and application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(5):532-538.
[15] 李玮.地震信号差分法初至折射波自动剩余静校正[D].陕西西安:西安理工大学,2008.LI Wei.Refraction First-Break Automatic Residual Static Corrections by Using Difference Method for the Seismic Wave Signals[D].Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi,2008.
[16] 李录明.动校前初至波自动剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2):179-186.LI Luming.Automatic residual static correction using first arrivals before NMO correction[J].Oil Geophy-sical Prospecting,1989,24(2):179-186.
[17] 刘连升.约束初至拾取与初至波剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(5):604-610.LIU Liansheng.Constrained first-arrival pickup and first-break residual static correction[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1998,33(5):604-610.
[2] 王东,李文卉,熊登,等.静校正对波动方程叠前深度偏移成像效果的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(增刊2):76-80.WANG Dong,LI Wenhui,XIONG Deng,et al.Static corrections influence on wave equation prestack depth migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(S2):76-80.
[3] 李卫忠,Al-Maghlouth S A,Hashem A,等.基于模型的复杂地表区静校正方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(6):797-801.LI Weizhong,Al-Maghlouth S A,Hashem A,et al.Model-based static correction method in complicated terrain areas[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(6):797-801.
[4] 杨海申,蒋先艺,高彦林,等.复杂区三维折射静校正技术与应用效果[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):219-225.YANG Haisheng,JIANG Xianyi,GAO Yanlin,et al.3D refraction static corrections in complex regions and its applied effects[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(2):219-225.
[5] 陈同俊.浅层折射静校正方法[J].物探化探计算技术,2004,26(1):5-8.CHEN Tongjun.A method of shallow refraction sta-tic correction[J].Computing Techniques for Geophy-sical and Geochemical Exploration,2004,26(1):5-8.
[6] 宁俊瑞,王顺国,樊佳芳,等.基于对比折射法的三维静校正技术及其应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(3):277-284.NING Junrui,WANG Shunguo,FAN Jiafang,et al.Application of 3-D static correction technology based on correlation refraction method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(3):277-284.
[7] 宋建国,李赋真,徐维秀,等.改进的神经网络级联相关算法及其在初至拾取中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(1):8-16.SONG Jianguo,LI Fuzhen,XU Weixiu,et al.An improved neural-network cascade-correlation algorithm and its application in seismic first break picking[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(1):8-16.
[8] 张胤彬,潘冬明,胡明顺,等.复杂地表初至层析地震静校正技术及其应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2012,40(4):66-70.ZHANG Yinbin,PAN Dongming,HU Mingshun,et al.Research and application of first arrival tomographic static technique in complex surface area[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2012,40(4):66-70.
[9] 林伯香,李卫忠,Saleh A,等.静校正量的评价思路[J].石油物探,2010,49(5):482-488.LIN Boxiang,LI Weizhong,Saleh A,et al.Approach to statics appraisal[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(5):482-488.
[10] 王孝,禄娟,冯心远,等.先验信息约束层析成像静校正技术在柴西南地区的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):30-33.WANG Xiao,LU Juan,FENG Xinyuan,et al.Applica- tion of priori information constraint tomography static correction technique in the south of Western Qaidam basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(1):30-33.
[11] 吴波,潘树林,王荐.提高最大能量法剩余静校正中模型道精度的方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(6):1146-1149.WU Bo,PAN Shulin,WANG Jian.Model trace improvement in residual static corrections[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(6):1146-1149.
[12] 吴波,徐天吉,唐建明,等.三种反射剩余静校正方法对比研究与应用[J].石油物探,2012,51(2):172-177.WU Bo,XU Tianji,TANG Jianming,et al.The comparison and application of three reflection residual static correction methods[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(2):172-177.
[13] 潘树林,高磊,吴波,等.共炮(检)点剩余静校正方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(1):83-88.PAN Shulin,GAO Lei,WU Bo,et al.Common shot (receiver)gather residual static correction[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2011,46(1):83-88.
[14] 赵秀莲,许士勇,马在田.转换波剩余静校正方法与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):532-538.ZHAO Xiulian,XU Shiyong,MA Zaitian.Method of PS wave residual static corrections and application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(5):532-538.
[15] 李玮.地震信号差分法初至折射波自动剩余静校正[D].陕西西安:西安理工大学,2008.LI Wei.Refraction First-Break Automatic Residual Static Corrections by Using Difference Method for the Seismic Wave Signals[D].Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi,2008.
[16] 李录明.动校前初至波自动剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2):179-186.LI Luming.Automatic residual static correction using first arrivals before NMO correction[J].Oil Geophy-sical Prospecting,1989,24(2):179-186.
[17] 刘连升.约束初至拾取与初至波剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(5):604-610.LIU Liansheng.Constrained first-arrival pickup and first-break residual static correction[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1998,33(5):604-610.