太阳能空气动力艇混合储能装置中能量管理系统的设计与仿真研究
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摘要
船舶电力推进系统在实际运用中具有明显优势,单一能量型储能装置难以有效应对其中分布式发电单元的输出功率间歇性和负载功率变化随机性波动的情况,给电网稳定运行带来了较大挑战。将锂电池和超级电容通过高执行效能的能量管理策略集合成混合储能装置,则能够很好地解决这一问题。论文通过引入对两种储能装置的充放电过程协调控制的逻辑环节,设计形成完善的四级联动式能量管理系统,建立基于MATLAB/Simulink的太阳能空气动力艇电力推进系统和混合储能装置的能量管理系统的仿真模型,分别对混合储能装置的充放电功率响应、内部功率分配、状态参数控制以及辐照强度同步变化的过程进行数据分析。研究结果表明:混合储能装置充放电控制的最大超调量低于30%,对负载波动的最大调节响应时间小于2.5 s,锂电池持续放电输出功率波动小于5%、放电电压变化率在3.5%以内,超级电容器能够实现对负载功率波动高频分量的瞬时响应。
Ship electric propulsion system has great advantages in practical application. Single energy storage device is difficult to deal with power fluctuation of distributed generation units and the load fluctuation, which pose a great challenge to stable operation of the power grid. In this paper, a four-level linkage energy management system is designed by introducing logic link in coordinated control of the charging and discharging process for two kinds of energy storage devices. Based on MATLAB/Simulink, an energy management system model of solar airboat electric propulsion system and hybrid energy storage device is established. Charging and discharging power response, internal power distribution and state parameter control process of the hybrid energy storage device are analyzed respectively. The results show that the maximum overshoot of the charge and discharge control is less than 30%, the maximum adjustment response time of the hybrid energy storage device to the load fluctuation is less than 2.5 seconds, the continuous discharge output power fluctuation of the lithium battery is less than 5%, and the discharge voltage change rate is within 3.5%, the super capacitor can achieve transient response to high-frequency components of load power fluctuations.
Ship electric propulsion system has great advantages in practical application. Single energy storage device is difficult to deal with power fluctuation of distributed generation units and the load fluctuation, which pose a great challenge to stable operation of the power grid. In this paper, a four-level linkage energy management system is designed by introducing logic link in coordinated control of the charging and discharging process for two kinds of energy storage devices. Based on MATLAB/Simulink, an energy management system model of solar airboat electric propulsion system and hybrid energy storage device is established. Charging and discharging power response, internal power distribution and state parameter control process of the hybrid energy storage device are analyzed respectively. The results show that the maximum overshoot of the charge and discharge control is less than 30%, the maximum adjustment response time of the hybrid energy storage device to the load fluctuation is less than 2.5 seconds, the continuous discharge output power fluctuation of the lithium battery is less than 5%, and the discharge voltage change rate is within 3.5%, the super capacitor can achieve transient response to high-frequency components of load power fluctuations.
引文
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[17]王宇.超级电容与蓄电池混合储能系统的能量管理与控制研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[18]尚彤,崔学深,徐明荣,等.蓄电池-超级电容混合储能系统放电控制策略[J].电源技术,2017(4):595-597+637.
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[2]罗智文,张新燕,李永东.一种混合储能微电网离并网控制技术研究[J].可再生能源,2017(1):50-55.
[3]侯世英,房勇,孙韬,等.混合储能系统在独立光伏发电系统功率平衡中的应用[J].电网技术,2011(5):183-187.
[4]ZHUK A,DENSCHIKOV K,FORTOV V,et al.Hybrid energy storage system based on supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries[J].Journal of Applied Electrochemistry,2014,44(4):543-550.
[5]张国驹,唐西胜,齐智平.超级电容器与蓄电池混合储能系统在微网中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2010(12):85-89.
[6]张明光,郜晴晴.含超级电容混合储能系统直流微电网功率分配策略[J].电气自动化,2017(4):63-65+87.
[7]张野,郭力,贾宏杰,等.基于平滑控制的混合储能系统能量管理方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012(16):36-41.
[8]李辉,黄瑶妹,马飞.基于荷电状态的混合储能系统协调控制策略[J].中国电力,2017(1):158-163.
[9]CHUN T,KIM H,NHO E.Charging and discharging strategies of grid-connected super-capacitor energy storage systems[C]//ICIT,IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology,2018:1743-1747.
[10]孙玉伟,王东辉,向家涛,等.空气动力艇回转式推进装置的动力学特性[J].船舶工程,2017(11):30-34.
[11]孙玉伟,胡克容,严新平,等.新能源船舶混合储能系统关键技术问题综述[J].中国造船,2018,59(1):226-236.
[12]FATHALLAH M A B,OTHMAN A B,BESBES M.Modeling a photovoltaic energy storage system based on super capacitor,simulation and evaluation of experimental performance[J].Applied Physics A,2018,124(2):120.
[13]LIU X,WANG P,LOH P C.A hybrid AC/DC microgrid and its coordination control[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2011,2(2):278-286.
[14]王建华,张方华,龚春英,等.带恒功率负载的DC/DC变换器阶跃响应过程分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008(30):7-11.
[15]WANG Heng,WANG Meng,TANG Yongbing.A novel zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor for long-life and low-cost energy storage applications[J].Energy Storage Materials,2018,13:1-7.
[16]吴雨,潘文霞,冯蒙霜,等.基于混合储能的微电网功率控制策略[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2013(2):109-114+158.
[17]王宇.超级电容与蓄电池混合储能系统的能量管理与控制研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[18]尚彤,崔学深,徐明荣,等.蓄电池-超级电容混合储能系统放电控制策略[J].电源技术,2017(4):595-597+637.
[19]李静,沈艳霞.直流微网混合储能系统优化控制策略[J].测控技术,2017(11):61-65.
[20]杨李星,严晓杰,周宇.一种基于混合储能的低压直流配电网母线电压控制策略[J].电工电气,2017,(1):30-34+42.