城市轨道交通车载混合储能系统的研究
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摘要
针对城轨列车在起动、制动过程中对牵引网电压造成冲击从而引起网压不稳定的问题,提出一种由超级电容与钛酸锂电池组成的混合储能系统,该混合储能系统满足城轨列车对高能量和高功率的需求。以混合储能系统的整体结构为研究对象,着重介绍了预充电回路的设计与仿真验证,它能明显提升混合储能装置的性能以及延长使用寿命。针对该混合储能结构,提出采用综合控制策略,该策略通过控制主电路中两个双向DC/DC变换器的工作模态来实现储能单元工作在恒流充放电状态。最后仿真对比综合控制策略与传统电压电流双闭环控制策略,仿真波形对比分析表明:对于牵引机车等大容量负荷突增与突减造成的网压波动,综合控制策略能更有效、快速调节混合储能系统的充放电状态,确保牵引网压波动幅度较小,提高城轨列车的运行可靠性与稳定性。
Given the fact that urban rail train impacts the traction network voltage during the starting and braking and brings about the negative impact of the grid voltage instability,this paper proposes a hybrid energy storage system composed of a super capacitor and a lithium titanate battery,which meets the demand of urban rail trains for high energy and high power.Taking the overall structure of the hybrid energy storage system as the research object,the design and simulation verification of the precharging circuit were introduced,which may significantly improve the performance of the hybrid energy storage device and prolong the service life.Based on the structure,an integrated control strategy was proposed,which realized the operation of the energy storage unit in the constant current charge and discharge state by controlling the working modes of the two bidirectional DC/DC converters in the main circuit.Finally,the simulation compared the proposed control strategy with the traditional voltage-current double closed-loop control strategy.The simulation waveform comparison analysis shows that the control strategy proposed in this paper can be more effective for the fluctuation of the network voltage caused by the sudden increase and decrease of large-capacity load such as traction locomotive.The rapid adjustment of the charging and discharging state of the hybrid energy storage system ensures that the fluctuation of the traction network pressure is small,and the operational reliability and stability of the urban rail train are improved.
Given the fact that urban rail train impacts the traction network voltage during the starting and braking and brings about the negative impact of the grid voltage instability,this paper proposes a hybrid energy storage system composed of a super capacitor and a lithium titanate battery,which meets the demand of urban rail trains for high energy and high power.Taking the overall structure of the hybrid energy storage system as the research object,the design and simulation verification of the precharging circuit were introduced,which may significantly improve the performance of the hybrid energy storage device and prolong the service life.Based on the structure,an integrated control strategy was proposed,which realized the operation of the energy storage unit in the constant current charge and discharge state by controlling the working modes of the two bidirectional DC/DC converters in the main circuit.Finally,the simulation compared the proposed control strategy with the traditional voltage-current double closed-loop control strategy.The simulation waveform comparison analysis shows that the control strategy proposed in this paper can be more effective for the fluctuation of the network voltage caused by the sudden increase and decrease of large-capacity load such as traction locomotive.The rapid adjustment of the charging and discharging state of the hybrid energy storage system ensures that the fluctuation of the traction network pressure is small,and the operational reliability and stability of the urban rail train are improved.
引文
[1]张弛.现代有轨电车车载混合储能系统能量管理优化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2018:15-20.
[2]陈怀鑫,王似玉.城市轨道交通车载混合储能装置新型控制方案及策略研究[J].电气化铁道,2018,29(1):65-71.
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[6]桑丙玉,陶以彬,郑高,等.超级电容-蓄电池混合储能拓扑结构和控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(2):1-6.
[7]陈培哲,王薪强.动力电池预充电电阻选型设计[J].客车技术与研究,2018,40(1):30-33.
[8]尚彤,崔学深,徐明荣,等.蓄电池-超级电容混合储能系统放电控制策略[J].电源技术,2017,41(4):595-597+637.
[9]武伟,谢少军,张曌,等.基于组合型双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统控制策略分析与设计[J].电源学报,2016,14(3):83-93.
[10]程志江,李永东,谢永流,等.带超级电容的光伏发电微网系统混合储能控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2739-2745.
[11]彭云华.超级电容储能型有轨电车用大电流快速充电系统研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2017:28-32.
[2]陈怀鑫,王似玉.城市轨道交通车载混合储能装置新型控制方案及策略研究[J].电气化铁道,2018,29(1):65-71.
[3]陈怀鑫,杨中平,林飞,等.应用于城轨交通供电系统的超级电容储能装置稳定性研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(3):59-65.
[4]王俭朴,任成龙.城市轨道交通车辆储能技术研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2017,20(1):124-127.
[5]王子超,高硕遥.地铁钛酸锂电池车载储能系统研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2017,20(10):36-39.
[6]桑丙玉,陶以彬,郑高,等.超级电容-蓄电池混合储能拓扑结构和控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(2):1-6.
[7]陈培哲,王薪强.动力电池预充电电阻选型设计[J].客车技术与研究,2018,40(1):30-33.
[8]尚彤,崔学深,徐明荣,等.蓄电池-超级电容混合储能系统放电控制策略[J].电源技术,2017,41(4):595-597+637.
[9]武伟,谢少军,张曌,等.基于组合型双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统控制策略分析与设计[J].电源学报,2016,14(3):83-93.
[10]程志江,李永东,谢永流,等.带超级电容的光伏发电微网系统混合储能控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2739-2745.
[11]彭云华.超级电容储能型有轨电车用大电流快速充电系统研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2017:28-32.