等离子体作用后硅橡胶憎水性恢复及憎水迁移特性研究
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摘要
为研究等离子体对复合绝缘子硅橡胶憎水性的影响,采用低温氩气等离子体分别对表面洁净硅橡胶和表面染污硅橡胶进行处理,测试样品憎水性恢复以及憎水性迁移过程中的静态接触角变化情况,同时用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测硅橡胶经等离子体处理后以及涂覆人工污秽时的表面形貌。实验结果表明,随着等离子体处理时间的增加,硅橡胶憎水性恢复速率逐渐增大,恢复稳定时的憎水角小于未处理样品。等离子体对硅橡胶的憎水性迁移有明显的促进作用,染污样品经等离子体处理后的憎水角迁移至稳定时的值比未处理样品大20°～40°。等离子体作用下硅橡胶表面产生孔洞和裂纹,而污秽层呈现出疏松多孔的特点,二者均有利于内部小分子迁移至表层,这是等离子体能促进硅橡胶憎水性迁移的主要原因。
In order to study the effect of plasma on hydrophobicity of silicone rubber used for composite insulators, low temperature Ar plasma was applied on the surfaces of clean silicone rubber and contaminated silicone rubber respectively. The changes of static contact angle were measured in the process of hydrophobicity recovery and hydrophobicity transfer. Additionally, scanning electron microscope(SEM) test was conducted to observe the surface morphology of the silicone rubber after being treated by plasma and coated with artificial pollution. The experimental results show that the hydrophobicity recovery speed of silicone rubber increases gradually with the increase of plasma treatment duration, and the final hydrophobicity contact angle is smaller than that of the untreated sample when it returns to stability. Obviously, plasma treatment is able to promote the hydrophobicity transfer process. After plasma treatment the hydrophobicity contact angle of the contaminated silicone rubber is 20°～40° larger than that of the untreated sample when it becomes stable. The surface of plasma-treated silicone rubber appears to be with voids and cracks while the pollution layer is loose and porous. They are all beneficial for the transfer of inner low molecular weight(LMW). And these factors are the main reason why plasma treatment can promote the hydrophobicity transfer of silicone rubber.
In order to study the effect of plasma on hydrophobicity of silicone rubber used for composite insulators, low temperature Ar plasma was applied on the surfaces of clean silicone rubber and contaminated silicone rubber respectively. The changes of static contact angle were measured in the process of hydrophobicity recovery and hydrophobicity transfer. Additionally, scanning electron microscope(SEM) test was conducted to observe the surface morphology of the silicone rubber after being treated by plasma and coated with artificial pollution. The experimental results show that the hydrophobicity recovery speed of silicone rubber increases gradually with the increase of plasma treatment duration, and the final hydrophobicity contact angle is smaller than that of the untreated sample when it returns to stability. Obviously, plasma treatment is able to promote the hydrophobicity transfer process. After plasma treatment the hydrophobicity contact angle of the contaminated silicone rubber is 20°～40° larger than that of the untreated sample when it becomes stable. The surface of plasma-treated silicone rubber appears to be with voids and cracks while the pollution layer is loose and porous. They are all beneficial for the transfer of inner low molecular weight(LMW). And these factors are the main reason why plasma treatment can promote the hydrophobicity transfer of silicone rubber.
引文
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[2]蒋兴良,陈爱军,张志劲,等.盐密和灰密对110kV复合绝缘子闪络电压的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(9):150-154.Jiang Xingliang,Chen Aijun,Zhang Zhijin,et al.Effect of both salt and nonsoluble deposit densities on flashover voltage of 110kV composite insulator[J]Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(9):150-154.
[3]吕玉坤,赵伟萍,庞广陆,等.典型伞型瓷及复合绝缘子积污特性模拟研究[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(1):209-216.LüYukun,Zhao Weiping,Pang Guanglu,et al.Simulation of contamination deposition on typical shed porcelain and composite insulators[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(1):209-216.
[4]律方成,刘宏宇,汪佛池,等.高速气流条件下污秽颗粒在复合绝缘子表面的沉积判据[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(1):206-213.LüFangcheng,Liu Hongyu,Wang Fochi,et al.Deposit criterion of pollution particles on composite insulators surface under high speed aerosol[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(1):206-213.
[5]谢从珍,李超红,曾磊磊,等.绿藻对交流复合绝缘子伞裙表面形貌及憎水性的影响机理[J].电工技术学报,2019,34(4):199-205.Xie Congzhen,Li Chaohong,Zeng Leilei,et al.Effect mechanism of green algae on surface morphology and hydrophobicity of AC Composite insulator sheds[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2019,34(4):199-205.
[6]戴罕奇,赵晨龙,梁建瑜,等.染污硅橡胶在不同憎水性时的污闪特性[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(10):102-111.Dai Hanqi,Zhao Chenlong,Liang Jianyu,et al.Flashover characteristic of polluted silicone rubber with different hydrophobicity[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(10):102-111.
[7]Odom T W,Love J C,Wolfe D B,et al.Improved pattern transfer in soft lithography using composite stamps[J].Langmuir,2002,18(13):5314-5320.
[8]陈玉如,王云英,孟江燕,等.低温等离子体处理对航空氟硅橡胶表面性能的影响[J].材料工程,2015,43(2):73-78.Chen Yuru,Wang Yunying,Meng Jiangyan,et al.Effect of low temperature plasma treatment on surface protperites of aviation fluorosilicone rubber[J].Journal of Material Engineering,2015,43(2):73-78.
[9]Xia Younan,Rogers J A,Paul K E,et al.Unconventional methods for fabricating and patterning nanostru-ctures[J].Chemical Reviews,1999,99(7):1823.
[10]高松华,周克省.CF4射频等离子体对硅橡胶绝缘子表面的疏水改性[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2013,29(8):101-104.Gao Songhua,Zhou Kesheng.Hydrophobic modification on the surface of silicone rubber insulator by CF4 RF Plasma[J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2013,29(8):101-104.
[11]陈杰,周志成,刘洋,等.等离子体射流参数对染污硅橡胶憎水迁移速率的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(12):3702-3708.Chen Jie,Zhou Zhicheng,Liu Yang,et al.Influence of the plasma jet parameters on the hydrophobicity transfer rate of contaminated silicone rubber[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(12):3702-3708.
[12]刘洋,李陈莹,陈杰,等.阵列化等离子体射流对染污硅橡胶憎水性的恢复作用[J].陕西电力,2016,44(9):46-50.Liu Yang,Li Chenying,Chen Jie,et al.Hydrophobicity recovery of contaminated silicone rubber treated by plasma jet array[J].Shaanxi Electric Power2016,44(9):46-50.
[13]张若兵,夏衍,周新磊,等.He等离子体射流处理对提高重污秽度染污硅橡胶憎水迁移性的效果[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):3337-3343.Zhang Ruobing,Xia Yan,Zhou Xinlei,et al.Effects of improving hydrophobicity of heavily contaminated silicone rubber treated by plasma jet in He[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):3337-3343.
[14]王康,王建国,郑峰,等.白炭黑含量对硅橡胶结构和憎水恢复性影响[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(12):31-39.Wang Kang,Wang Jianguo,Zheng Feng,et al.Effect of fumed silica content on the microstructure and hydrophobicity recovery of silicon rubber[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(12):31-39.
[15]Zhu Yong,Otsubo M,Honda C,et al.Loss and recovery in hydrophobicity of silicone rubber exposed to corona discharge[J].Polymer Degradation&Stability,2006,91(7):1448-1454.
[16]Kim J,Chaudhury M K,Owen M J.Modeling hydrophobic recovery of electrically discharged polydimethylsiloxane elastomers[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2006,293(2):364-375.
[17]郑知敏,任长玉,蒋舰,等.硅橡胶憎水性的恢复机理研究进展[J].高压电器,2000,36(4):38-41.Zheng Zhimin,Ren Changyu,Jiang Jian,et al Research progress of silicone rubber hydrophobicity recovery mechanism[J].High Voltage Apparatus2000,36(4):38-41.
[18]鲁志伟,杨秀媛.硅橡胶憎水迁移机理的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2001,21(5):51-55.Lu Zhiwei,Yang Xiuyuan.A study on hydrophobicity transfer of silicone rubber[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2001,21(5):51-55.
[19]关志成,陈原.合成绝缘子憎水性迁移机理的研究[J].高电压技术,1998,24(2):13-15.Guan Zhicheng,Chen Yuan.Hydrophobicitymigration mechanism of composite insulators[J]High Voltage Engineering,1998,24(2):13-15.