不同海拔拉萨裸裂尻线粒体16S rRNA基因序列变异及遗传多样性分析
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摘要
为了研究拉萨裸裂尻鱼(Schizopygopsis younghusbandi)的种群遗传多样性,为该鱼的资源保护和养殖提供科学依据,对采自雅鲁藏布江4个海拔江段的33尾拉萨裸裂尻鱼样本的线粒体16S rRNA基因片段进行扩增测序,计算遗传距离、核苷酸位点变异、核苷酸多样性和单倍型多样性,构建单倍网络图和系统发育树。经检测,33个样本均获得有效16S rRNA基因扩增片段,片段大小为563 bp,从33个个体中共检出8种单倍型,其中海拔为4 565 m的拉萨裸裂尻9尾,4个变异位点,核苷酸多样性和单倍型多样性分别为0. 002 07和0. 833,平均核苷酸差异数最大,为1. 167;海拔为4 005 m的拉萨裸裂尻10尾,4个变异位点,核苷酸多样性和单倍型多样性分别为0. 001 89和0. 644,平均核苷酸差异数为1. 067;海拔为3 609 m的拉萨裸裂尻10尾,2个变异位点,核苷酸多样性和单倍型多样性分别为0. 000 71和0. 378,平均核苷酸差异数最小,为0. 400;海拔为2 909 m的拉萨裸裂尻4尾,1个变异位点,核苷酸多样性和单倍型多样性分别为0. 000 89和0. 500,平均核苷酸差异数为0. 500。分析结果表明,拉萨裸裂尻不同海拔种群的遗传多样性与其相应海拔的人类干预程度呈负相关。
引文
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[2]HORA S L. Comparison of faunas of the northern and the southern faces the great Himalayan range[J]. Rec Indi Mus,8(3):39:24-250.
[3]陈毅峰,曹文宣.裂腹亚科[M]//乐佩奇.中国动物志:硬骨鱼纲鲤形目(下卷).北京:科学出版社,2000:273-335.
[4]MIRZA M R. A contribution to the systematics of the Schizothoracine fishes(Pisces:Cyprinidae)with the description of three new tribes[J]. Pakistan Journal of Zoology,1991,23:339-341.
[5]TALWAR P K,JHINGRAN A G. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries[M]. New Delhi:Oxford and IBH Publishing,1991.
[6]武云飞,吴翠珍.青藏高原鱼类[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1992.
[7]DEWEY J F,CANDE S,PITMAN W C. Tectonic evolution of the India/Eurasia collision zone[J]. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae,1989,82:717-734.
[8]DAS S M,SUBLA B A. The ichthyofauna of Kashmir:part II the speciation of Kashmir fishes with two new records of species[J].Ichthyologica,1964(3):57-62.
[9]LI J J,FANG X M. Uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and environmental changes[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1999,44(23):2117-2125.
[10]武云飞,陈宜瑜.西藏北部新第三纪的鲤科鱼类化石[J].古脊椎动物与古人类,1980(1):15-20.
[11]曹文宣,陈宜瑜,武云飞,等.裂腹鱼类的起源和演化及其与青藏高原的隆起关系[M].北京:科学出版社,1981:118-130.
[12]西藏自治区水产局.西藏鱼类及其资源[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995.
[13]李芳.西藏尼洋河流域水生生物研究及水电工程对其影响的预测评价[D].西安:西北大学,2006.
[14]陈锋,陈毅峰.拉萨河鱼类调查及保护[J].水生生物学报,2010,2(34):278-285.
[15]产久林,姜华鹏,刘一萌,等. COⅠ和16S rRNA基因在高原裂腹鱼物种鉴定中的应用[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(4):98-104.
[16]THOMPSON J D,GIBSON T J,PLEWNIAK F,et al. The Clustal-X windows interface:flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools[J]. Nucleic Acids Research,1997,25(24):4876-4882.
[17]KOICHIRO TAMURA,PETERSON D,PETERSON N,et al.MEGA5:Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood,evolutionary distance,and maximum parsimony methods[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,2011,28(10):2731-2739.
[18]LIBRADO P,ROZAS J. DnaSP v5:a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data[J]. Bioinformatics,2009,25(11):1451-1452.
[19]BANDELT H J,FORSTER P,RHL A. Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,1999,16(1):37-48.
[20]朱挺兵,刘海平,李雪梅,等.西藏鱼类增殖放流初报[J].淡水渔业,2017,47(5):34-39.
[21]刘若余,夏先林,雷初朝,等.贵州黄牛mt DNA D-loop遗传多样性研究[J].遗传,2006,28(3):279-284.
[22]LUO A R,ZHANG Y Z,QIAO H J,et al. Outgroup selection in tree reconstruction:A case study of the family Halictidae(Hymenoptera:Apoidea)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica,2010,53,(2):192-201.