中俄铁路碎石道砟加工指标技术标准的对比研究
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摘要
为了更深入了解俄罗斯铁路碎石道砟加工指标特点,对比分析中国和俄罗斯铁路在道砟颗粒形状与清洁度、粒径级配、指标试验方法等方面的异同点,得出以下结论:(1)中俄标准对道砟颗粒形状定义不同,如对针片状颗粒看法不同,俄罗斯标准中有长粒概念等;(2)中俄道砟标准的制定理念存在差异,俄罗斯标准未定义渗水性能、抗压碎性能等与材质相关的性能指标,而是通过增设道砟加工指标来保障道砟的良好渗水性和抗压碎性;(3)由于气候等因素,与我国同等级道砟相比,俄罗斯各类道砟粒径级配普遍较大。
To further understand the features in the railway ballast processing index of Russia,a comparative analysishas been made for the similarities and differences of grain shape,cleanness, size grading,index test methods and otheraspectsbetweenrailwaysin Chinaand Russia.Theconclusionsareasfollows:(1) Thedefinitionsofgrainshapearediffer-ent between China and Russia,for instance,the concepts for flaky grain are different,with a concept of long grainsavailableinthe Russianstandard,etc.;(2) Thedevelopmentphilosophiesdifferinthe Chineseand Russianballaststan-dards. water permeability,resistance to crushing and other performance index relating to materials are not defined in theRussian standards. Instead,good water permeability and resistance to crushing are guaranteed by adding the ballast pro-cessing index;(3) Owing to factors such as climate,compared to the domestic ballasts of the same grade,size gradingsofvariousballastsin Russiaaregenerallygreater.
To further understand the features in the railway ballast processing index of Russia,a comparative analysishas been made for the similarities and differences of grain shape,cleanness, size grading,index test methods and otheraspectsbetweenrailwaysin Chinaand Russia.Theconclusionsareasfollows:(1) Thedefinitionsofgrainshapearediffer-ent between China and Russia,for instance,the concepts for flaky grain are different,with a concept of long grainsavailableinthe Russianstandard,etc.;(2) Thedevelopmentphilosophiesdifferinthe Chineseand Russianballaststan-dards. water permeability,resistance to crushing and other performance index relating to materials are not defined in theRussian standards. Instead,good water permeability and resistance to crushing are guaranteed by adding the ballast pro-cessing index;(3) Owing to factors such as climate,compared to the domestic ballasts of the same grade,size gradingsofvariousballastsin Russiaaregenerallygreater.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 2140—2008铁路碎石道砟[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.
[2]井国庆.铁路有砟道床[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2012.
[3]ГОСТ7392—2014由致密岩石所制的铁路道砟层碎石[S].2014.
[4]EN 13450:2002铁路碎石集料[S].2002.
[5]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 2328(所有部分)—2008铁路碎石道砟试验方法[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.
[6]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 2140—1990/XG 1—2005铁路碎石道砟[S].
[7]美国铁路工程和道路维护协会.美国铁路工程手册[S].2016.
[2]井国庆.铁路有砟道床[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2012.
[3]ГОСТ7392—2014由致密岩石所制的铁路道砟层碎石[S].2014.
[4]EN 13450:2002铁路碎石集料[S].2002.
[5]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 2328(所有部分)—2008铁路碎石道砟试验方法[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.
[6]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 2140—1990/XG 1—2005铁路碎石道砟[S].
[7]美国铁路工程和道路维护协会.美国铁路工程手册[S].2016.