新疆农业节水灌溉现状分析
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摘要
通过对新疆2005―2017年常规节水灌溉面积、高效节水灌溉面积及农业用水量进行统计分析,新疆水资源开发利用程度达到66%,农业用水比重达92.5%, 0.2m3/s以上的渠道防渗率为45.9%。地方系统高效节水灌溉面积占总灌溉面积的48%。灌溉水有效利用系数为0.535。北疆、东疆的渠道防渗率和高效节水面积比例均高于南疆,而农业用水比重低于南疆。并提出大中型灌区节水改造和续建配套、建设田间高效节水灌溉工程、促进水价改革、调整种植结构等措施加大节水力度。
Through the statistical analysis of conventional water-saving irrigation area,high-efficiency watersaving irrigation area and agricultural water consumption in Xinjiang 2005～2017.The results show that the utilization rate of water resources development in Xinjiang reaches 66%,the proportion of agricultural water-using reaches 92.5%,and the channel seepage rate above 0.2 m3/s is 45.9%.The high-efficiency water-saving irrigation area of the local system accounts for 48% of the total irrigated area.The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water is 0.542.The ratio of channel seepage prevention and high-efficiency water-saving area in northern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang is higher than that in southern Xinjiang,while the proportion of agricultural water-using is lower than that in southern Xinjiang.In view of agricultural water saving,measures such as water-saving renovation and continuous construction of backbone channels in large and medium-sized irrigation districts,construction of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation projects in the field,promotion of water price reform,and adjustment of planting structures were proposed.
Through the statistical analysis of conventional water-saving irrigation area,high-efficiency watersaving irrigation area and agricultural water consumption in Xinjiang 2005～2017.The results show that the utilization rate of water resources development in Xinjiang reaches 66%,the proportion of agricultural water-using reaches 92.5%,and the channel seepage rate above 0.2 m3/s is 45.9%.The high-efficiency water-saving irrigation area of the local system accounts for 48% of the total irrigated area.The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water is 0.542.The ratio of channel seepage prevention and high-efficiency water-saving area in northern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang is higher than that in southern Xinjiang,while the proportion of agricultural water-using is lower than that in southern Xinjiang.In view of agricultural water saving,measures such as water-saving renovation and continuous construction of backbone channels in large and medium-sized irrigation districts,construction of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation projects in the field,promotion of water price reform,and adjustment of planting structures were proposed.
引文
[1]新疆维吾尔自治区统计局.新疆统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[2]张江辉,白云岗,张胜江,等.新疆农业高效节水技术发展现状与重点研究的问题[J].新疆水利,2010,(1):33-39.
[2]张江辉,白云岗,张胜江,等.新疆农业高效节水技术发展现状与重点研究的问题[J].新疆水利,2010,(1):33-39.