广西玉米硒含量及其健康风险评估
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摘要
【目的】分析玉米硒含量及对普通成人和哺乳妇女健康的风险水平,为广西玉米的加工和消费提供依据。【方法】采集玉米植株样品196个,测定其硒的含量,并分别以硒的最大耐受值(UTL)、最高用量值(UIL)和适宜摄入值(AI)为参考标准,对广西普通成人和哺乳妇女的玉米硒日获取量进行健康风险评估。【结果】196个玉米样品硒的平均量为27.1μg·kg~(-1),最高量为175μg·kg~(-1),富硒玉米(硒含量≥40μg·kg~(-1))占29.6%;玉米硒对广西居民的风险指数,成人为0.005%~66.74%,哺乳妇女为0.005%~25.73%。【结论】广西生产的玉米硒含量较高,玉米硒对广西普通成人和哺乳妇女风险均较低,居民经玉米途径摄入的硒量相对安全。
【Objective】To provide scientific data basis for processing and consumption of maize in Guangxi,the content of selenium( Se) of maize from Guangxi was determined and its effects on the health of adults and Lactating women were assessed.【Method】196 samples were collected from the main maize producing areas of Guangxi,and their Se contents were determined. The health risk of Se intake daily from maize to the average adults and lactating women in Guangxi was evaluated using upper tolerable limit( UTL),upper intake limit( UIL),and adequate intake( AI) as reference.【Result】The average amount of Se in 196 samples was 27. 1 μg·kg~(-1),the maximum amount was175 μg·kg~(-1); The Se-rich maize( whose Se content was more than 40 μg·kg~(-1)) accounted for 29. 6 %. The risk index of Se in maize to Guangxi residents was 0. 005 %-66. 74 % for average adults,and 0. 005 %-25. 73 % for lactating women.【Conclusion】The maize produced in Guangxi was of high Se content,while the health risk of Se in maize to the average adults and lactating women in Guangxi was relative low,therefore,the intake of Se via the consumption of maize was relatively safe.
【Objective】To provide scientific data basis for processing and consumption of maize in Guangxi,the content of selenium( Se) of maize from Guangxi was determined and its effects on the health of adults and Lactating women were assessed.【Method】196 samples were collected from the main maize producing areas of Guangxi,and their Se contents were determined. The health risk of Se intake daily from maize to the average adults and lactating women in Guangxi was evaluated using upper tolerable limit( UTL),upper intake limit( UIL),and adequate intake( AI) as reference.【Result】The average amount of Se in 196 samples was 27. 1 μg·kg~(-1),the maximum amount was175 μg·kg~(-1); The Se-rich maize( whose Se content was more than 40 μg·kg~(-1)) accounted for 29. 6 %. The risk index of Se in maize to Guangxi residents was 0. 005 %-66. 74 % for average adults,and 0. 005 %-25. 73 % for lactating women.【Conclusion】The maize produced in Guangxi was of high Se content,while the health risk of Se in maize to the average adults and lactating women in Guangxi was relative low,therefore,the intake of Se via the consumption of maize was relatively safe.
引文
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[15]罗雁.自然储存条件对黑龙江玉米品质影响的研究[J].粮食科技与经济,2015,40:14-17.
[16]唐华俊,李哲敏.基于中国居民平衡膳食模式的人均粮食需求量研究[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(11):2315-2327.
[17]王庆华,黄伟,李前勇,等.中国富硒食品的生产现状及趋势[J].广东微量元素科学,2008,15(3):7-10.
[18]韩晓霞,姚志文,魏洪义.硒的毒性生物学研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(12):24-28.
[19]许小燕,冯丽荣,刘兵,等.青海东部富硒区马铃薯硒含量及其膳食暴露评估[J].粮油作物,2016(1):5-9.
[2]Rahmat S,Hajiboland R,Sadeghzade N.Selenium delays leaf senescence in oil seed rape plants[J].Photosynthetica,2017,55(2):338-350.
[3]Balakhnina T I,Nadezhkina E S.Effect of selenium on growth and antioxidant capacity of Triticum aestivum L.during development of lead-induced oxidative stress[J].Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,2017,64(2):215-223.
[4]谢青夏.广西欲打造全国最大富硒农产品基地[J].农家之友,2015(1):21.
[5]陈达庆,温国泉,王冠玉.优质早熟糯玉米新品种“庆糯1号”的选育[J].广西科学,2016(3):272-277.
[6]刘庆,田侠,史衍玺.外源硒矿粉对玉米硒累积及矿质元素吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(2):403-409.
[7]刘春菊,刘夫国,陈伟,等.叶面喷施硒肥对鲜食玉米硒富集的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2012,28(4):713-716.
[8]郑阳,杨华,付忠军,等.不同硒处理对糯玉米籽粒硒含量及品质的影响[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(5):1899-1901.
[9]郭蓉,王玮,田丽,等.陕西省主要叶菜中有机磷农药残留的膳食暴露风险评估[J].2017,44(11):1965-1973.
[10]World Health Organization.Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality-4thed[S].Geneva:WHO Press,2011.
[11]国家食品药品管理局.关于印发《营养素补充剂申报与审评规定(试行)》等8个相关规定的通告(国食药监注[2005]202号)[Z].2005-05-20.
[12]European Food Safety Authority(EFSA).Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for selenium[J].EFSA Journal,2014,12(10):3846.
[13]聂继云,匡立学,李志霞,等.中国主要落叶果树果实硒含量及其膳食暴露评估[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(15):3015-3026.
[14]冯丽荣,许小燕,刘兵,等.青海东部富硒区大蒜硒含量及其膳食风险评估[J].经济作物,2016(1):22-25.
[15]罗雁.自然储存条件对黑龙江玉米品质影响的研究[J].粮食科技与经济,2015,40:14-17.
[16]唐华俊,李哲敏.基于中国居民平衡膳食模式的人均粮食需求量研究[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(11):2315-2327.
[17]王庆华,黄伟,李前勇,等.中国富硒食品的生产现状及趋势[J].广东微量元素科学,2008,15(3):7-10.
[18]韩晓霞,姚志文,魏洪义.硒的毒性生物学研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(12):24-28.
[19]许小燕,冯丽荣,刘兵,等.青海东部富硒区马铃薯硒含量及其膳食暴露评估[J].粮油作物,2016(1):5-9.