复合绝缘线路避雷器运行情况的分析研究
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摘要
复合绝缘具有重量轻、机械强度大的特点,采用复合绝缘的线路避雷器被广泛用于提高输电线路的耐雷水平,降低雷击跳闸率。然而,复合护套的硅橡胶材料长期运行于户外环境中,一旦材料特性不佳,将容易老化甚至造成其发生闪络。分析了一起运行10年的复合绝缘线路避雷器因外护套老化而发生沿面闪络的故障,经过交直流耐压及局放试验研究后,将故障避雷器进行了解体,并对外护套进行了理化实验、硬度试验、电镜试验、户外暴晒场试验。结果发现其故障原因是硅橡胶绝缘老化和硅橡胶同玻璃钢材料的界面结合不佳,造成憎水性消失和局部放电所致。通过分析,给出了复合绝缘线路避雷器的相关运行建议。
Because composite insulation material has the advantages of light in weight,good at mechanical characteristics,line arrester which has been widely used in power transmission lines can improve the lightning withstand level of transmission lines,and reduce the lightning trip out rate.However,if silicon rubber of synthetic shell worked in outdoor environment for a long time may easy to aging and lose insulation performance.This paper introduces a field defect leading to surface flashover of line arrester which worked for 10 years and the composite insulation shell has been aged seriously.After AC/DC voltage withstand test and partial discharge test,the defect arrester has been dismantled.Then physical chemistry experiment,silicone hardness test,microscope test,exposure ageing test has made.It was found that the failure was caused by aging of silicone rubber insulation and poor interface between silicone rubber and FRP,which resulted in hydrophobic disappearance and partial discharge.Through analysis,some suggestions for the operation of the lightning arrester on the composite insulated line are given.
Because composite insulation material has the advantages of light in weight,good at mechanical characteristics,line arrester which has been widely used in power transmission lines can improve the lightning withstand level of transmission lines,and reduce the lightning trip out rate.However,if silicon rubber of synthetic shell worked in outdoor environment for a long time may easy to aging and lose insulation performance.This paper introduces a field defect leading to surface flashover of line arrester which worked for 10 years and the composite insulation shell has been aged seriously.After AC/DC voltage withstand test and partial discharge test,the defect arrester has been dismantled.Then physical chemistry experiment,silicone hardness test,microscope test,exposure ageing test has made.It was found that the failure was caused by aging of silicone rubber insulation and poor interface between silicone rubber and FRP,which resulted in hydrophobic disappearance and partial discharge.Through analysis,some suggestions for the operation of the lightning arrester on the composite insulated line are given.
引文
[1]熊泰昌.电力避雷器[M].北京:中国水利电力出版社,2011.
[2]刘杰,刘春,周初蕊,等.输电线路杆塔模型研究现状及雷电反击过电压计算[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(6):81-86,90.LIUJie,LIU Chun,ZHOU Churui,et al.Summary of transmission tower models and calculation of back flashover lightning overvoltage[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(6):81-86,90.
[3]王保山,彭向阳,熊易,等.避雷器用脱离器运行状况及性能要求分析[J].高电压技术,2012,38(11):2942-2948.WANGBaoshan,PENG Xiangyang,XIONG Yi,et al.A-nalysis about the operational state and performance requirements of the arrester disconnector[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(11):2942-2948.
[4]张思寒.避雷器配置方式对220 kV同塔防雷效果研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2015(2):82-86.ZHANGSaihan.Research of arrester installation configuration on lightning protection effect in 220 kV Multi-Circuit transmission lines[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2015(2):82-86.
[5]陈坤汉,李顺尧.一起220 kV线路避雷器泄漏电流超标的原因分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(5):111-114.CHENKunhan,LI Shunyao.Analysis of over-standard leakage current of lighting arresters on a 220 kV transmission line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(5):111-114.
[6]王兰义,赵冬一,胡淑慧,等.线路避雷器的研究进展[J].电瓷避雷器,2011(1):26-34.WANG Lanyi,ZHAO Dongyi,HU Shuhui,et al.Development trends of line arresters[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2011(1):26-34.
[7]梁方建,张道乾,张回力.外串联间隙线路避雷器在同塔双回线路中的应用[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(1):59-63.LIANGFangjian,ZHANG Daoqian,ZHANG Huili.External series gap lightning arresters on double circuit line on the same Tower application[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(1):59-63.
[8]杨杰,郑宇清,吕晓燕.超高压输电线路雷击故障分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(6):61-64,70.YANGJie,ZHENG Yuqing,LV Xiaoyan.Analysis on lighting strike faults of electric transmission line for EHV[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(6):61-64,70.
[9]陈钢,林章栋,李雄,等.输电线路避雷器断串分析与防范[J].华东电力,2012,40(2):335-337.CHEN Gang,LINZhangdong,LI Xiong,et al.Disconnection fault analysis and prevention for transmission line arresters[J].East China Electric Power,2012,40(2):335-337.
[10]陈金君,赵晨龙,梅红伟,王黎明.临海输电线路绝缘子污秽特征的研究[J].高压电器.2012.45(2):23-29.CHENJinjun,ZHAO Chen-long,MEI Hongwei,WANGLiming.Characteristics of contamination of lnsulator in the coastal transmission Line[J].High Voltage Apparatus.2012.45(2):23-29.
[2]刘杰,刘春,周初蕊,等.输电线路杆塔模型研究现状及雷电反击过电压计算[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(6):81-86,90.LIUJie,LIU Chun,ZHOU Churui,et al.Summary of transmission tower models and calculation of back flashover lightning overvoltage[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(6):81-86,90.
[3]王保山,彭向阳,熊易,等.避雷器用脱离器运行状况及性能要求分析[J].高电压技术,2012,38(11):2942-2948.WANGBaoshan,PENG Xiangyang,XIONG Yi,et al.A-nalysis about the operational state and performance requirements of the arrester disconnector[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(11):2942-2948.
[4]张思寒.避雷器配置方式对220 kV同塔防雷效果研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2015(2):82-86.ZHANGSaihan.Research of arrester installation configuration on lightning protection effect in 220 kV Multi-Circuit transmission lines[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2015(2):82-86.
[5]陈坤汉,李顺尧.一起220 kV线路避雷器泄漏电流超标的原因分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(5):111-114.CHENKunhan,LI Shunyao.Analysis of over-standard leakage current of lighting arresters on a 220 kV transmission line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(5):111-114.
[6]王兰义,赵冬一,胡淑慧,等.线路避雷器的研究进展[J].电瓷避雷器,2011(1):26-34.WANG Lanyi,ZHAO Dongyi,HU Shuhui,et al.Development trends of line arresters[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2011(1):26-34.
[7]梁方建,张道乾,张回力.外串联间隙线路避雷器在同塔双回线路中的应用[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(1):59-63.LIANGFangjian,ZHANG Daoqian,ZHANG Huili.External series gap lightning arresters on double circuit line on the same Tower application[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(1):59-63.
[8]杨杰,郑宇清,吕晓燕.超高压输电线路雷击故障分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(6):61-64,70.YANGJie,ZHENG Yuqing,LV Xiaoyan.Analysis on lighting strike faults of electric transmission line for EHV[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(6):61-64,70.
[9]陈钢,林章栋,李雄,等.输电线路避雷器断串分析与防范[J].华东电力,2012,40(2):335-337.CHEN Gang,LINZhangdong,LI Xiong,et al.Disconnection fault analysis and prevention for transmission line arresters[J].East China Electric Power,2012,40(2):335-337.
[10]陈金君,赵晨龙,梅红伟,王黎明.临海输电线路绝缘子污秽特征的研究[J].高压电器.2012.45(2):23-29.CHENJinjun,ZHAO Chen-long,MEI Hongwei,WANGLiming.Characteristics of contamination of lnsulator in the coastal transmission Line[J].High Voltage Apparatus.2012.45(2):23-29.