基于土地利用变化的东北地区碳排放效应研究
|
摘要
[目的]通过分析东北地区2000—2014年不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应,为东北地区土地利用结构的优化和碳减排提供参考。[方法]利用土地利用数据和能源消耗数据等,采用碳排放系数法,对东北地区2000—2014年不同土地利用方式的碳源/汇进行计算,并分析其区域差异和碳排放强度。[结果](1)建设用地是东北地区碳排放量的主要来源,对碳排放的贡献率超过88%,辽宁省的碳排放量最多。(2)东北地区森林碳汇资源丰富,黑龙江省是东北地区碳吸收的主要来源。(3)东北地区人均碳排放强度呈缓慢增长态势;地均碳排放强度先增长后降低;单位GDP碳排放强度在持续稳定下降,但是当前其下降程度还远远不足以使碳排放总量减少。(4)东北地区是一个不均衡的区域,黑龙江省对其他区域有贡献;吉林省碳排放造成的生态环境影响在内部区域已经自行承担;辽宁省则损害了其他地区的利益。[结论]黑龙江省和吉林省面临着一定的碳减排压力,辽宁省面临着较大的碳排放压力,综合来看东北地区面临着较大的碳排放压力。
[Objective]Carbon emissions under different land utilization types in Northeast China region from2000 to 2014were analyzed to provide references for optimization of land utilization structure and reduction of carbon emission in Northeast China.[Methods]With the method of carbon emission coefficient,data of land use and energy consumption and other information were utilized to calculate carbon source/carbon sink under different land utilization types in Northeast China from 2000 to 2014and to analyze regional differences and intensities of carbon emissions.[Results](1)Construction land is the major source of carbon emissions in Southeast China,contributing to above 88% of the total carbon emission;Also the amount of Liaoning Province ranks the top.(2)Northeast China is rich in forest carbon-sink resources,and Heilongjiang Province is the major source for carbon absorption in Northeast China.(3)The per capita carbon emission intensity shows a slow-growth trend in Northeast China;The carbon emission intensity per area increases before reduction;The carbon emission intensity per unit GDP keeps decreasing stably,but the decline is insufficientfor the reduction of total carbon emission.(4)Northeast China is an unbalanced area with Heilongjiang Province making contribution to other regions with respect to carbon absorption,the impacts of carbon emission in Jilin Province on ecological environment are assumed in an equliarated status by province wide itself;While Liaoning Province is over emitted at the expense of other regions.[Conclusion]Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province are facing certain pressure of carbon emission reduction and Liaoning Province is facing relatively high pressure.Generally,Northeast China area is facing relatively high pressure for reducing carbon emission.
[Objective]Carbon emissions under different land utilization types in Northeast China region from2000 to 2014were analyzed to provide references for optimization of land utilization structure and reduction of carbon emission in Northeast China.[Methods]With the method of carbon emission coefficient,data of land use and energy consumption and other information were utilized to calculate carbon source/carbon sink under different land utilization types in Northeast China from 2000 to 2014and to analyze regional differences and intensities of carbon emissions.[Results](1)Construction land is the major source of carbon emissions in Southeast China,contributing to above 88% of the total carbon emission;Also the amount of Liaoning Province ranks the top.(2)Northeast China is rich in forest carbon-sink resources,and Heilongjiang Province is the major source for carbon absorption in Northeast China.(3)The per capita carbon emission intensity shows a slow-growth trend in Northeast China;The carbon emission intensity per area increases before reduction;The carbon emission intensity per unit GDP keeps decreasing stably,but the decline is insufficientfor the reduction of total carbon emission.(4)Northeast China is an unbalanced area with Heilongjiang Province making contribution to other regions with respect to carbon absorption,the impacts of carbon emission in Jilin Province on ecological environment are assumed in an equliarated status by province wide itself;While Liaoning Province is over emitted at the expense of other regions.[Conclusion]Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province are facing certain pressure of carbon emission reduction and Liaoning Province is facing relatively high pressure.Generally,Northeast China area is facing relatively high pressure for reducing carbon emission.
引文
[1]Houghton R A.The annual net flux of carbon to the atmosphere from changes in land use 1850—1990[J].Tellus B:Chemical&Physical Meteorology,1999,51(2):298-313.
[2]Goldewijk K K,Ramankutty N.Land cover change over the last three centuries due to human activities:The availability of new global data sets[J].GeoJournal,2004,61(4):335-344.
[3]Ali G,Nitivattananon V.Exercising multidisciplinary approach to assess interrelationship between energy use,carbon emission and land use change in a metropolitan city of Pakistan[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2012,16(1):775-786.
[4]方精云,郭兆迪,朴世龙,等.1981—2000年中国陆地植被碳汇的估算[J].中国科学(D):地球科学,2007,37(6):804-812.
[5]朴世龙,方精云,黄耀.中国陆地生态系统碳收支[J].中国基础科学,2010(2):20-22,65.
[6]赵荣钦,黄贤金,钟太洋,等.南京市不同土地利用方式的碳储量与碳通量[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(6):164-170.
[7]赵先超,朱翔,周跃云.湖南省不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应及时空格局分析[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(3):941-949.
[8]俞超,张丽琴,唐殿明.基于清单算法的湖北省土地利用碳排放效应和趋势分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(4):168-172.
[9]李颖,黄贤金,甄锋.江苏省不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应分析[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(S2):102-107.
[10]赵荣钦,黄贤金.基于能源消费的江苏省土地利用碳排放与碳足迹[J].地理研究,2010,29(9):1639-1649.
[11]苏雅丽,张艳芳.陕西省土地利用变化的碳排放效益研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(1):152-156.
[12]余雪振,梅昀.武汉市不同土地利用结构碳排放效应[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(12):2751-2756.
[13]蓝家程,傅瓦利,袁波,等.重庆市不同土地利用碳排放及碳足迹分析[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(1):146-150,155.
[14]吴仕海.重庆市土地利用碳排放效应及低碳优化调控研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2013.
[15]王秋贤,王登杰,颜晓妹,等.基于脱钩理论的烟台市碳排放效应分析[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(2):313-318.
[16]景跃军,刁巍杨.东北地区一次能源消费的碳排放及低碳经济发展路径研究[J].管理评论,2010,22(8):109-113.
[17]陈珏,袁洪英,杨洋.黑龙江省不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应及时空格局[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(35):158-163.
[18]Guo Liping,Lin Erda.Carbon sink in cropland soils and the emission of greenhouse gases from paddy soils:A review of work in China[J].Chemosphere-Global Change Science,2001,3(4):413-418.
[19]谢鸿宇,陈贤生,林凯荣,等.基于碳循环的化石能源及电力生态足迹[J].生态学报,2008,28(4):1729-1735.
[20]高利伟,马林,张卫峰,等.中国作物秸秆养分资源量估算及其利用状况[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(7):173-179.
[21]田贺忠,赵丹,王艳.中国生物质燃烧大气污染物排放清单[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(2):349-357.
[22]West T O,Marland G.A synthesis of carbon sequestration,carbon emissions,and net carbon flux in agriculture:Comparing tillage practices in the United States[J].Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,2002,91(1/3):217-232.
[23]王革华.农村能源建设对减排SO2和CO2贡献分析方法[J].农业工程学报,1999,15(1):169-172.
[24]IPCC.2006IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories[R].Kanagawa:IGES,2006.
[25]卢俊宇,黄贤金,戴靓,等.基于时空尺度的中国省级区域能源消费碳排放公平性分析[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(12):2006-2017.
[26]何建坤,刘滨.作为温室气体排放衡量指标的碳排放强度分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2004,44(6):740-743.
[27]肖主安,彭欢.我国低碳经济型土地利用模式的路径选择[J].求索,2010(4):81-82.
[28]郑福云,罗春雨,梁雪石,等.黑龙江省不同土地利用方式与碳排放规律分析[J].国土与自然资源研究,2015(2):59-62.
[2]Goldewijk K K,Ramankutty N.Land cover change over the last three centuries due to human activities:The availability of new global data sets[J].GeoJournal,2004,61(4):335-344.
[3]Ali G,Nitivattananon V.Exercising multidisciplinary approach to assess interrelationship between energy use,carbon emission and land use change in a metropolitan city of Pakistan[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2012,16(1):775-786.
[4]方精云,郭兆迪,朴世龙,等.1981—2000年中国陆地植被碳汇的估算[J].中国科学(D):地球科学,2007,37(6):804-812.
[5]朴世龙,方精云,黄耀.中国陆地生态系统碳收支[J].中国基础科学,2010(2):20-22,65.
[6]赵荣钦,黄贤金,钟太洋,等.南京市不同土地利用方式的碳储量与碳通量[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(6):164-170.
[7]赵先超,朱翔,周跃云.湖南省不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应及时空格局分析[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(3):941-949.
[8]俞超,张丽琴,唐殿明.基于清单算法的湖北省土地利用碳排放效应和趋势分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(4):168-172.
[9]李颖,黄贤金,甄锋.江苏省不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应分析[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(S2):102-107.
[10]赵荣钦,黄贤金.基于能源消费的江苏省土地利用碳排放与碳足迹[J].地理研究,2010,29(9):1639-1649.
[11]苏雅丽,张艳芳.陕西省土地利用变化的碳排放效益研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(1):152-156.
[12]余雪振,梅昀.武汉市不同土地利用结构碳排放效应[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(12):2751-2756.
[13]蓝家程,傅瓦利,袁波,等.重庆市不同土地利用碳排放及碳足迹分析[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(1):146-150,155.
[14]吴仕海.重庆市土地利用碳排放效应及低碳优化调控研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2013.
[15]王秋贤,王登杰,颜晓妹,等.基于脱钩理论的烟台市碳排放效应分析[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(2):313-318.
[16]景跃军,刁巍杨.东北地区一次能源消费的碳排放及低碳经济发展路径研究[J].管理评论,2010,22(8):109-113.
[17]陈珏,袁洪英,杨洋.黑龙江省不同土地利用方式的碳排放效应及时空格局[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(35):158-163.
[18]Guo Liping,Lin Erda.Carbon sink in cropland soils and the emission of greenhouse gases from paddy soils:A review of work in China[J].Chemosphere-Global Change Science,2001,3(4):413-418.
[19]谢鸿宇,陈贤生,林凯荣,等.基于碳循环的化石能源及电力生态足迹[J].生态学报,2008,28(4):1729-1735.
[20]高利伟,马林,张卫峰,等.中国作物秸秆养分资源量估算及其利用状况[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(7):173-179.
[21]田贺忠,赵丹,王艳.中国生物质燃烧大气污染物排放清单[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(2):349-357.
[22]West T O,Marland G.A synthesis of carbon sequestration,carbon emissions,and net carbon flux in agriculture:Comparing tillage practices in the United States[J].Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,2002,91(1/3):217-232.
[23]王革华.农村能源建设对减排SO2和CO2贡献分析方法[J].农业工程学报,1999,15(1):169-172.
[24]IPCC.2006IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories[R].Kanagawa:IGES,2006.
[25]卢俊宇,黄贤金,戴靓,等.基于时空尺度的中国省级区域能源消费碳排放公平性分析[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(12):2006-2017.
[26]何建坤,刘滨.作为温室气体排放衡量指标的碳排放强度分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2004,44(6):740-743.
[27]肖主安,彭欢.我国低碳经济型土地利用模式的路径选择[J].求索,2010(4):81-82.
[28]郑福云,罗春雨,梁雪石,等.黑龙江省不同土地利用方式与碳排放规律分析[J].国土与自然资源研究,2015(2):59-62.