利用时频分析技术预测依拉克构造有利砂体分布
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摘要
依拉克构造白垩系舒善河组属多物源的扇三角洲沉积体系,其砂体变化快、储层非均质性强,有利砂体难以预测。本文采用时频分析法,即首先通过S变换将时间域地震信号转换到频率域,并基于精细时深标定,优选能识别出目标层段分流河道砂体的优势频率体;再依托优势频率(40Hz)数据体,综合应用相干、瞬时振幅等多属性分析技术,预测有利相带的分布;在该有利相带约束下,利用三维砂体雕刻技术识别出(6个)有利砂体,清晰刻画了砂体的规模和展布特征。根据预测结果,选择在2号砂体上布设探井,实钻后获得高产油气流,表明预测结果与实钻结果很好吻合。
Shushanhe Formation of Early Cretaceous in Iraqi Structure is a fan delta sedimentary system governed by multiple sources.Due to quick sand body changes and strong reservoir heterogeneities it is difficult to predict favorable sand bodies.In this study,the time-frequency analysis is used to solve the difficulty.Firstly,time-domain seismic data is transformed into frequency-domain seismic data with S transform.Then according to the timefrequency analysis of cross-well seismic data and well-to-seismic accurate calibration,the optimum frequency volume is determined,on which channel sand bodies in the target can be easily identified.After that,the favorable sedimentary facies distributions are identified based on the optimum frequency(40Hz)volume and multi-attribute analysis(coherence and instantaneous amplitude).With the constraint of this favorable sedimentary facies,six channel sand bodies are accurately interpreted and described by 3D sculpture.An exploration well in Sand body 2 proposed based on our prediction obtains high-yield oil and gas flow after drilling,which demonstrates a very good match with our prediction.
Shushanhe Formation of Early Cretaceous in Iraqi Structure is a fan delta sedimentary system governed by multiple sources.Due to quick sand body changes and strong reservoir heterogeneities it is difficult to predict favorable sand bodies.In this study,the time-frequency analysis is used to solve the difficulty.Firstly,time-domain seismic data is transformed into frequency-domain seismic data with S transform.Then according to the timefrequency analysis of cross-well seismic data and well-to-seismic accurate calibration,the optimum frequency volume is determined,on which channel sand bodies in the target can be easily identified.After that,the favorable sedimentary facies distributions are identified based on the optimum frequency(40Hz)volume and multi-attribute analysis(coherence and instantaneous amplitude).With the constraint of this favorable sedimentary facies,six channel sand bodies are accurately interpreted and described by 3D sculpture.An exploration well in Sand body 2 proposed based on our prediction obtains high-yield oil and gas flow after drilling,which demonstrates a very good match with our prediction.
引文
[1]戴金星,陈践发,钟宁宁等.中国大气田及其气源.北京:科学出版社,2003,1-199.
[2]Zhao W Z,Zhang S C,Wang F Y et al.Gas systems in the Kuche depression of the Tarim basin:source rock distributions,generation kinetics and gas accumulation history.Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(12):1583-1601.
[3]王飞宇,杜治利,李谦等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中生界油源岩有机成熟度和生烃历史.地球化学,2005,34(2):136-146.Wang Feiyu,Du Zhili,Li Qian et al.Organic maturity and hydrocarbon generation history of the Mesozoic oil-prone source rocks in Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin.Geochimica,2005,34(2):136-146.
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[6]王振华.塔里木盆地库车坳陷油气藏形成及油气聚集规律.新疆石油地质,2001,22(3):189-191.Wang Zhenhua.Reservoir formation and oil and gas accumulation pattern in Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2001,22(3):189-191.
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[8]王招明.塔里木盆地库车坳陷克拉苏盐下深层大气田形成机制与富集规律.天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):153-166.Wang Zhaoming.Formation mechanism and enrichment regularities of Kelasu Subsalt deep large gas field in Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin.Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(2):153-166.
[9]吕修祥,金之钧,周新源等.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷-温宿凸起油气勘探前景.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(1):17-25.Lu Xiuxiang,Jin Zhijun,Zhou Xinyuan et al.Oil and gas exploration prospects in Wushi sag and Wensu uplift of Tarim Basin.Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition),2006,30(1):17-25.
[10]刘玉魁,闵磊,冯游文等.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷石油地质特征.天然气工业,2007,27(1):24-26.Liu Yukui,Min Lei,Feng Youwen et al.Petroleum geologic features of Wushi sag in the Traim Basin.Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(1):24-26.
[11]季丽丹,顾家裕,赵亮等.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷东部下白垩统沉积相及储层特征研究.石油实验地质,2009,31(5):478-483.Ji Lidan,Gu Jiayu,Zhao Liang et al.Research on sedimentary facies and reservoir characteristics of Lower Cretaceous in Eastern Wushi sag,Tarim Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(5):478-483.
[12]季丽丹,顾家裕,赵亮等.新疆乌什凹陷东部舒善河组沉积相及其储集性能研究.天然气地质学,2009,20(6):884-889.Ji Lidan,Gu Jiayu,Zhao Liang et al.Sedimentary facies and reservoir properties of the Shushanhe Formation in wastern Wushi Sag,Xinjiang.Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(6):884-889.
[13]雷刚林,冉启贵,唐雁刚等.乌什凹陷东部中生界储集层特征及控制因素.新疆石油地质,2013,34(1):17-19.Lei Ganglin,Ran Qigui,Tang Yangang et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of Mesozoic reservoirs in eastern Wushi sag,Tarim Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2013,34(1):17-19.
[14]袁晓宇,李映涛,叶宁等.基于频谱分解的蚂蚁追踪裂缝检测技术在玉北地区的应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(4):665-671.Yuan Xiaoyu,Li Yingtao,Ye Ning et al.The application of ant-tracking fracture detection based on spectrum decomposition in Yubei area.OGP,2015,50(4):665-671.
[15]宋效文,马世忠,秦秋寒等.频谱分解技术在深层致密砾岩气藏检测中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(1):107-113.Song Xiaowen,Ma Shizhong,Qin Qiuhan et al.Application of spectral decomposition in deep tight conglomerate reservoir prediction.OGP,2012,47(1):107-113.
[16]Partyka G A,Gridley J M,Lopez J.Interpretational application of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization.The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):353-360.
[17]龚洪林,王振卿,李录明等.应用地震分频技术预测碳酸盐岩储层.地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):129-135.Gong Honglin,Wang Zhenqing,Li Luming et al.Predicting carbonate reservoir by applying seismic spectral decomposition technique.Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):129-135.
[18]刘喜武,宁俊瑞,刘培体等.地震时频分析与分频解释及频谱分解技术在地震沉积学与储层成像中的应用.地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1679-1688.Liu Xiwu,Ning Junrui,Liu Peiti et al.Seismic timefrequency analysis for frequency decompositions to seismic sedimentology and reservoir imaging.Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(5):1679-1688.
[19]朱定,孙素琴,蒋进勇.分频解释技术在塔河油田储层预测中的应用.石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):49-53.Zhu Ding,Sun Suqin,Jiang Jinyong.Application of frequency division interpretation technique to reservoir prediction in Tahe oilfield.Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):49-53.
[20]Sinha S,Routh P S,Anno P D et al.Spectral decomposition of seismic data with continuous-wavelet transforms.Geophysics,2005,70(1):19-25.
[21]Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.The S-transform with windows of arbitrary and varying shape.Geophysics,2003,68(1):381-385.
[22]于秀林,任雪松.多元统计分析.北京:中国统计出版社,1999,154-167.
[23]Korneev V A,Goloshubin G M,Daley T et al.Seismic low-frequency effects in monitoring of fluid saturated reservoirs.Geophysics,2004,69(2):522-532.
[2]Zhao W Z,Zhang S C,Wang F Y et al.Gas systems in the Kuche depression of the Tarim basin:source rock distributions,generation kinetics and gas accumulation history.Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(12):1583-1601.
[3]王飞宇,杜治利,李谦等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中生界油源岩有机成熟度和生烃历史.地球化学,2005,34(2):136-146.Wang Feiyu,Du Zhili,Li Qian et al.Organic maturity and hydrocarbon generation history of the Mesozoic oil-prone source rocks in Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin.Geochimica,2005,34(2):136-146.
[4]杜治利,王飞宇,张水昌等.库车坳陷中生界气源灶生气强度演化特征.地球化学,2006,35(4):419-431.Du Zhili,Wang Feiyu,Zhang Shuichang et al.Gas generation history of Mesozoic hydrocarbon kitchen in Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin.Geochimica,2006,35(4):419-431.
[5]王飞宇,杜治利,张水昌等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷烃源岩特征和天然气成藏过程.新疆石油地质,2009,30(4):431-439.Wang Feiyu,Du Zhili,Zhang Shuichang et al.Source kitchen and natural gas accumulation in Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(4):431-439.
[6]王振华.塔里木盆地库车坳陷油气藏形成及油气聚集规律.新疆石油地质,2001,22(3):189-191.Wang Zhenhua.Reservoir formation and oil and gas accumulation pattern in Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2001,22(3):189-191.
[7]康志宏,梁慧社.库车坳陷地质结构及油气带预测.新疆地质,1998,16(1):49-57.Kang Zhihong,Liang Huishe.Geological framework and oil-gas prediction of Kuqa depression.Xinjiang Geology,1998,16(1):49-57.
[8]王招明.塔里木盆地库车坳陷克拉苏盐下深层大气田形成机制与富集规律.天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):153-166.Wang Zhaoming.Formation mechanism and enrichment regularities of Kelasu Subsalt deep large gas field in Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin.Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(2):153-166.
[9]吕修祥,金之钧,周新源等.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷-温宿凸起油气勘探前景.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(1):17-25.Lu Xiuxiang,Jin Zhijun,Zhou Xinyuan et al.Oil and gas exploration prospects in Wushi sag and Wensu uplift of Tarim Basin.Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition),2006,30(1):17-25.
[10]刘玉魁,闵磊,冯游文等.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷石油地质特征.天然气工业,2007,27(1):24-26.Liu Yukui,Min Lei,Feng Youwen et al.Petroleum geologic features of Wushi sag in the Traim Basin.Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(1):24-26.
[11]季丽丹,顾家裕,赵亮等.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷东部下白垩统沉积相及储层特征研究.石油实验地质,2009,31(5):478-483.Ji Lidan,Gu Jiayu,Zhao Liang et al.Research on sedimentary facies and reservoir characteristics of Lower Cretaceous in Eastern Wushi sag,Tarim Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(5):478-483.
[12]季丽丹,顾家裕,赵亮等.新疆乌什凹陷东部舒善河组沉积相及其储集性能研究.天然气地质学,2009,20(6):884-889.Ji Lidan,Gu Jiayu,Zhao Liang et al.Sedimentary facies and reservoir properties of the Shushanhe Formation in wastern Wushi Sag,Xinjiang.Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(6):884-889.
[13]雷刚林,冉启贵,唐雁刚等.乌什凹陷东部中生界储集层特征及控制因素.新疆石油地质,2013,34(1):17-19.Lei Ganglin,Ran Qigui,Tang Yangang et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of Mesozoic reservoirs in eastern Wushi sag,Tarim Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2013,34(1):17-19.
[14]袁晓宇,李映涛,叶宁等.基于频谱分解的蚂蚁追踪裂缝检测技术在玉北地区的应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(4):665-671.Yuan Xiaoyu,Li Yingtao,Ye Ning et al.The application of ant-tracking fracture detection based on spectrum decomposition in Yubei area.OGP,2015,50(4):665-671.
[15]宋效文,马世忠,秦秋寒等.频谱分解技术在深层致密砾岩气藏检测中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(1):107-113.Song Xiaowen,Ma Shizhong,Qin Qiuhan et al.Application of spectral decomposition in deep tight conglomerate reservoir prediction.OGP,2012,47(1):107-113.
[16]Partyka G A,Gridley J M,Lopez J.Interpretational application of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization.The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):353-360.
[17]龚洪林,王振卿,李录明等.应用地震分频技术预测碳酸盐岩储层.地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):129-135.Gong Honglin,Wang Zhenqing,Li Luming et al.Predicting carbonate reservoir by applying seismic spectral decomposition technique.Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):129-135.
[18]刘喜武,宁俊瑞,刘培体等.地震时频分析与分频解释及频谱分解技术在地震沉积学与储层成像中的应用.地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1679-1688.Liu Xiwu,Ning Junrui,Liu Peiti et al.Seismic timefrequency analysis for frequency decompositions to seismic sedimentology and reservoir imaging.Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(5):1679-1688.
[19]朱定,孙素琴,蒋进勇.分频解释技术在塔河油田储层预测中的应用.石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):49-53.Zhu Ding,Sun Suqin,Jiang Jinyong.Application of frequency division interpretation technique to reservoir prediction in Tahe oilfield.Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):49-53.
[20]Sinha S,Routh P S,Anno P D et al.Spectral decomposition of seismic data with continuous-wavelet transforms.Geophysics,2005,70(1):19-25.
[21]Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.The S-transform with windows of arbitrary and varying shape.Geophysics,2003,68(1):381-385.
[22]于秀林,任雪松.多元统计分析.北京:中国统计出版社,1999,154-167.
[23]Korneev V A,Goloshubin G M,Daley T et al.Seismic low-frequency effects in monitoring of fluid saturated reservoirs.Geophysics,2004,69(2):522-532.