温度分层水库中泥沙间层流形成条件研究
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摘要
水库的垂向温度分层会影响入流水体在水库内的运动形态,挟沙水流进入温度分层水库后,在一定条件下能够沿水平方向侵入环境水体中形成泥沙间层流运动。该文通过水槽试验模拟了泥沙间层流运动,探讨了水库泥沙间层流的形成条件。研究表明,含沙量较少且所含泥沙颗粒的粒径较小时,挟沙水流才能在温度分层水库中形成泥沙间层流。
The movement of inflow in thermal stratified reservoir is influenced by the vertical temperature stratification.When the sediment laden flow enters the thermal stratified reservoir,it can intruded into stratified water and moved forward horizontally as an interflow in certain conditions.In this paper,the behavior of sediment interflow in thermal stratified water body is investigated by flume experiments,and formation conditions of sediment interflow in reservoirs are studied.The results show that the sediment interflow could form in the stratified reservoir when sediment concentration is little and the sediment particle is fine.
The movement of inflow in thermal stratified reservoir is influenced by the vertical temperature stratification.When the sediment laden flow enters the thermal stratified reservoir,it can intruded into stratified water and moved forward horizontally as an interflow in certain conditions.In this paper,the behavior of sediment interflow in thermal stratified water body is investigated by flume experiments,and formation conditions of sediment interflow in reservoirs are studied.The results show that the sediment interflow could form in the stratified reservoir when sediment concentration is little and the sediment particle is fine.
引文
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[2]CORTéS A,RUEDA F J,WELLS M G.Experimental observations of the splitting of a gravity current at a density step in a stratified water body[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,2014,119(2):1038-1053.
[3]CORTéS A,FLEENOR W E,WELLS M G,et al.Pathways of river water to the surface layers of stratified reservoirs[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2014,59(1):233-250.
[4]任实,张小峰,陆俊卿.分层环境中水库密度流运动特性研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2013,28(1):17-22.REN Shi,ZHANG Xiao-feng,LU Jun-qing.The characteristics of reservoir density flow in stratified environment[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2013,28(1):17-22.
[5]任实,张小峰,陆俊卿.温度分层水库中间层流运动影响因素分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,36(5):29-33.REN Shi,ZHANG Xiao-feng,LU Jun-qing.Influencing factors of the interflow in temperature-stratified reservoirs[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2015,36(5):29-33.
[6]曾曾,李嘉,安瑞冬,等.低含沙量异重流运动规律及其对水温分布的影响[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2016,31(3):346-354.ZENG Ceng,LI Jia,AN Rui-dong,et al.The motion law of the density current with low sediment content and influence on water temperature distribution[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2016,31(3):346-354.
[7]张瑞瑾,谢鉴衡,陈文彪.河流动力学[M].武汉,中国:武汉大学出版社,2007.ZHANG Rui-jing,XIE Jian-heng,CHEN Wen-biao.River dynamics[M].Wuhan,China:Wuhan University Press,2007.
[8]韩其为.水库淤积[M].北京,中国:科学出版社,2003.HAN Qi-wei.Reservoir sedimentation[M].Beijing,China:Science Press,2003.
[9]黄仕勇,毛国兴,何睦贤.新安江水库出库水体持续浑浊原因分析[J].水资源保护,1997(3):40-43.HUANG Shi-yong,MAO Guo-xing,HE Mu-xian.Analysis of persistent outlet turbid water in Xin’An river reservoir[J].Water Resource Protection,1997,48(3):40-43.
[10]章厚玉,林云发.丹江口水库泥沙淤积及河床演变观测研究[M].武汉,中国:长江出版社,2012.ZHANG Hou-yu,LIN Yun-fa.Study on sediment deposition and river bed evolution of Danjiangkou reservoir[M].Wuhan,China:Yangtze River Press,2012.
[11]CHEN Y J,WU S C.Behavior of storm-induced suspension interflow in subtropical Feitsui Reservoir,Taiwan[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2006,51(2):1125-1133.
[12]AN S,JULIEN P Y.Three-Dimensional modeling of turbid density currents in Imha Reservoir,South Korea[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2014,140(5):1-15.
[13]邓云,李嘉,罗麟,等.水库温差异重流模型的研究[J].水利学报,2003(7):7-11.DENG Yun,LI Jia,LUO Lin,et al.Temperature prediction model for reservoirs[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003(7):7-11.
[14]CHUNG S W,GU R.Two-dimensional simulations of contaminant currents in stratified reservoir[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1998,124(7):704-711.
[15]王睿禹,GARCIA M,PARKER G.异重流卷吸系数和运行距离的初步探讨[J].泥沙研究,2015(6):6-13.WANG Rui-yu,GARCIA M,PARKER G.Study on water entrainment coefficient and travel distance of density current[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2015(6):6-13.