海上电泵结蜡井热循环洗井工艺参数优化设计
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摘要
为探索海上油田电泵举升结蜡井热循环洗井工艺井筒温度场分布规律,综合考虑潜油电机增温、电缆散热、热流体注入量、注入深度、注入温度、结蜡管段传热和海水空气导热的影响,基于热能守恒原理,建立了电泵井结蜡热循环洗井工艺井筒温度场计算模型,分析了热流体注入温度和注入量对混合产出流体的井筒温度分布的影响。研究结果表明,随着注入量的增加混合产出液沿程井筒温度增加,随着注入温度的增加混合产出液沿程井筒温度增加。该方法可有效指导现场措施工艺的实施,达到延长结蜡井的清蜡周期、延缓产液/产油量下降速度的目的。
To investigate the distribution patterns of wellbore temperature fields during well flushing via hot fluid circulation in electric submersible pump(ESP) wells of the Bohai Oilfield, we constructed a computational model for the temperature fields of wellbores during hot fluid circulation in ESP wells based on the principle of conservation of heat. This model accounts for effects associated with the heating of the ESP, electric cable cooling, volume of hot fluid injection, injection depth, injection temperature, heat transfer in the wax-clogged pipeline segments, and thermal conductivities of seawater and air. Using this model, we analyzed the effects of injection temperature and injection volume on the wellbore temperature distribution of mixed production fluids. The results of this study show that the temperature distributions of mixed production fluids along the wellbore are positively correlated with increases in injection temperature and injection volume. Our model can be used as a guide to dewaxing processes in the field, thus prolonging the dewaxing cycles in wax-prone wells and reducing the rates at which fluid and oil production decrease over time.
To investigate the distribution patterns of wellbore temperature fields during well flushing via hot fluid circulation in electric submersible pump(ESP) wells of the Bohai Oilfield, we constructed a computational model for the temperature fields of wellbores during hot fluid circulation in ESP wells based on the principle of conservation of heat. This model accounts for effects associated with the heating of the ESP, electric cable cooling, volume of hot fluid injection, injection depth, injection temperature, heat transfer in the wax-clogged pipeline segments, and thermal conductivities of seawater and air. Using this model, we analyzed the effects of injection temperature and injection volume on the wellbore temperature distribution of mixed production fluids. The results of this study show that the temperature distributions of mixed production fluids along the wellbore are positively correlated with increases in injection temperature and injection volume. Our model can be used as a guide to dewaxing processes in the field, thus prolonging the dewaxing cycles in wax-prone wells and reducing the rates at which fluid and oil production decrease over time.
引文
[1]吴华晓,刘义刚,尚宝兵,等.油井清防蜡工艺在渤海油田的应用[J].长江大学学报(自然版),2016,13(17):67-70. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-1409(s).2016.17.015WU Huaxiao, LIU Yigang, SHANG Baobing, et al. application of paraffin removal and inhibition technology of oil wells in Bohai Oilfield[J]. Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 23(17):67-70. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-1409(s).2016.17.015
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[7]董钊,余意,任冠龙,等.南海超深水浅层低温气井测试温度场干预[J].石油钻采工艺,2016, 38(5):661-666.doi:10.13639/j.odpt.2016.05.022DONG Zhao, YU Yi, REN Guanlong, et al. Intervention with the temperature field of shallow and low-temperature gas wells in super-deep South China Sea[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2016,38(5):661-666. doi:10.13639/j.odpt.2016.05.022
[8]陈林,余忠任.气井非稳态流井筒温度压力模型的建立和应用[J].天然气工业,2017, 37(3):70-76. doi:10.3787/j.issn.2017.03.009CHEN Lin, YU Zhongren. Construction and application of a wellbore temperature and pressure model for unsteady flow in gas wells[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2017. 37(3):70-76. doi:10.3787/j.issn.2017.03.009
[9]张崇,任冠龙,董钊,等.深水气井测试井筒温度场预测模型的建立及应用[J].中国海上油气,2016, 28(5):79-84. doi:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.05.013ZHANG Chong, REN Guanlong, DONG Zhao, et al. Establishment and application of a wellbore temperature field prediction model for deep water gas well testing[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2016.28(5):79-84. doi:10.-11935/j.issn. 1673-1506.2016.05.013
[10]郭春秋,李颖川.气井压力温度预测综合数值模拟[J].石油学报,2001.22(3):100-104.GUO Chunqiu, LI Yingchuan. Comprehensive numerical simulation of pressure and temperature prediction in gas well[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2001, 22(3):100-104.
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[12]孟庆学,王玉臣,李成.高凝油井筒温度场分析及热力参数优选[J].油气井测试,2007, 16(S):47-49.MENG Qingxue, WANG Yuchen, LI Cheng. Studying on the well temperature finite element of high pour point oil and thermal parameter optimum[J]. Well Testing, 2007,16(S):47-49.
[13]吴晓东,吴晗,韩国庆,等.考虑井筒硫析出的高含硫气井井筒温度、压力场计算新模型[J].天然气工业,2011,31(9):69-72. doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.-2011.09.012WU Xiaodong, WU Han, HAN Guoqing,et al. A new model for calculating wellbore temperature and pressure distribution of a high-H2S gas well considering the influence of the sulfur release in wellbores[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2011, 31(9):69-72. doi:10.3787/j.issn. 1000-0976.2011.09.012
[14]赵金洲,彭瑀,李勇明,等.基于双层非稳态导热过程的井筒温度场半解析模型[J].天然气工业,2016,36(1):68-75. doi:10.3787/j.issn.2016.01.008ZHAO Jinzhou, PENG Yu, LI Yongming, et al. A semianalytic model of wellbore temperature field based on double-layer unsteady heat conducting process[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2016, 36(1):68-75. doi:10.3787/j.issn.-2016.01.008
[15]卢德唐,曾亿山,郭永存.多层地层中的井筒及地层温度解析解[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2002,17(3):382-390.LU Detang, ZENG Yishan, GUO Yongcun. Analytical solution of temperature in wellbore and formation in multilayer[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics(Ser. A), 2002, 17(3):382-390.
[16]姚传进,雷光伦,蒋宝云,等.高凝油井筒温度场计算及流态转变分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2011.33(3):42-46. doi:10.3969/j.issn. 1000-7393.2011.03.012YAO Chuanjin,LEI Guanglun,JIANG Baoyun,et al.Wellbore-temperature distribution calculation and of flow pattern changing analysis in high pour-point oil wells[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2011,33(3):42-16. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2011.03.012
[17]宋洵成,管志川.深水钻井井筒全瞬态传热特征[J]石油学报,2011.32.(4):70.4-708.SONG Xuncheng, GUAN Zhichuan. Full transient analysis of heat transfer during drilling fluid circulation in deep water wells[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011.32(4):704-708.
[18] KABIR C S, HASAN A R. Determining circulating fluid temperature in drilling, workover and well-control operations[C]. SPE 24581-PA. 1996. doi:10.2118/24581-PA
[19]王宁,孙宝江,王志远.井筒温度场解析求解的边界条件处理方法[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2015,30(3):279-283. doi:10.16076/j.cnki.cjhd.2015.03.007WANG Ning, SUN Baojiang, WANG Zhiyuan. Boundary condition handling for analytic solution of wellbore temperature field[J]. Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2015.30(3):279-283. doi:10.16076/j.cnki.cjhd.2015.03.-007
[20]唐述凯,李明忠,刘陈伟,等.闭式热流体循环井筒温度分布规律研究[J]石油钻探技术,2014, 42(5):104-108. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201405019TANG Shukai, LI Mingzhong, LIU Chenwei, et al. Temperature distribution in closed wellbore with hot fluid circulation[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2014, 42(5):104-108. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201405019
[21]邓文.井筒温度场在电加热井中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2012, 12(26):6782—6786.DENG Wen. The application of wellbore temperature distribution in the electric heating well[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2012, 12(26):6782-6786.
[22]陈德春,李昂,高莉,等.潜油电泵井油套环空泵上掺稀油井筒流体温度模型[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(5):591-594.CHEN Dechun, LI Ang, GAO Li, et al. Wellbore fluid temperature model for blending light hydrocarbon above pump in tubing-casing annular space in ESP wells[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2013, 34(5):591-594.
[23]刘广天,单学军.稠油热采井井筒温度模型研究及应用[J].科学技术与工程,2014, 14(22):189-192. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2014.22.036LIU Guangtian,SHAN Xuejun. Wellbore tenperature model study and application in heavy oil thermal recovery well[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2014,14(22):189-192. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2014.22.-036
[24]周赵川,王辉,代向辉,等.海上采油井筒温度计算及隔热管柱优化设计[J].石油机械,2014, 42(4):43-48.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4578.2014.04.011ZHOU Zhaochuan, WANG Hui, DAI Xianghui, et al. calculation of offshore oil production wellbore temperature and optimal design of heat-proof string[J]. China Petroleum Machinery; 2014.42(4):43-48. doi:10.3969/j.issn.-1001-4578.2014.04.011
[25]何世明,何平,尹成,等.井下循环温度模型及其敏感性分析[J].西南石油学院学报,2002.24(1):57-60.HE Shiming, HE Ping, YIN Cheng, et al. A wellbore temperature model&its'parametric sensitivity analysis[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute, 2002, 24(1):57-60.
[2]张琪,孙大同,樊灵,等.采油工程原理与设计[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2000:348-356.ZHANG Qi, SUN Datong, FAN Ling, et al. Theories and designs of oil production engineering[M]. Dongying:Petroleum University Press, 2000:348-356.
[3]刘力华.高含蜡油井石蜡沉积规律及防治研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2013.LIU Lihua. Study on paraffin deposition law and prevention of wax troubled wells[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University, 2013.
[4] SEMENOV A A. Wax deposition forecast[C]. SPE149793-MS, 2012. doi:10.2118/149793-MS
[5]郑春峰,魏琛,张海涛,等.海上油井井筒结蜡剖面预测新模型[J].石油钻探技术,2017, 45(4):103-109.doi:10.11911/syztjs.201704018ZHENG Chunfeng, WEI Chen, ZHANG Haitao, et al. A new forecasting model of a wellbore wax deposition profile in a offshore well[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017.45(4):103-109. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201704018
[6]肖香娇,姜汉桥,刘曰武,等.高温高压复杂井身结构气井井筒温度计算方法[J].科技导报,2011.29(29):32-37. doi:10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.29.004XIAO Xiangj iao, JIANG Hanqiao, LIU Yuewu, et al. Temperature computational method of complicate bore frame gas well wellbore with high temperature and pressure[J].Science&Technology Review, 2011, 29(29):32-37. doi:10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.29.004
[7]董钊,余意,任冠龙,等.南海超深水浅层低温气井测试温度场干预[J].石油钻采工艺,2016, 38(5):661-666.doi:10.13639/j.odpt.2016.05.022DONG Zhao, YU Yi, REN Guanlong, et al. Intervention with the temperature field of shallow and low-temperature gas wells in super-deep South China Sea[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2016,38(5):661-666. doi:10.13639/j.odpt.2016.05.022
[8]陈林,余忠任.气井非稳态流井筒温度压力模型的建立和应用[J].天然气工业,2017, 37(3):70-76. doi:10.3787/j.issn.2017.03.009CHEN Lin, YU Zhongren. Construction and application of a wellbore temperature and pressure model for unsteady flow in gas wells[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2017. 37(3):70-76. doi:10.3787/j.issn.2017.03.009
[9]张崇,任冠龙,董钊,等.深水气井测试井筒温度场预测模型的建立及应用[J].中国海上油气,2016, 28(5):79-84. doi:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.05.013ZHANG Chong, REN Guanlong, DONG Zhao, et al. Establishment and application of a wellbore temperature field prediction model for deep water gas well testing[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2016.28(5):79-84. doi:10.-11935/j.issn. 1673-1506.2016.05.013
[10]郭春秋,李颖川.气井压力温度预测综合数值模拟[J].石油学报,2001.22(3):100-104.GUO Chunqiu, LI Yingchuan. Comprehensive numerical simulation of pressure and temperature prediction in gas well[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2001, 22(3):100-104.
[11]闫正和,刘永杰,唐圣来,等.海洋凝析气井关井井筒温度与压力的计算[J].天然气工业,2010, 30(9):36-38. doi:10.3787/j.issn. 1000-0976.2010.09.009YAN Zhenghe, LIU Yongjie, TANG Shenglai, et al. Calculations of shut-in wellbore temperature and pressure for offshore condensate gas wells[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2010, 30(9):36-38. doi:10.3787/j.issn.2017.03.009
[12]孟庆学,王玉臣,李成.高凝油井筒温度场分析及热力参数优选[J].油气井测试,2007, 16(S):47-49.MENG Qingxue, WANG Yuchen, LI Cheng. Studying on the well temperature finite element of high pour point oil and thermal parameter optimum[J]. Well Testing, 2007,16(S):47-49.
[13]吴晓东,吴晗,韩国庆,等.考虑井筒硫析出的高含硫气井井筒温度、压力场计算新模型[J].天然气工业,2011,31(9):69-72. doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.-2011.09.012WU Xiaodong, WU Han, HAN Guoqing,et al. A new model for calculating wellbore temperature and pressure distribution of a high-H2S gas well considering the influence of the sulfur release in wellbores[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2011, 31(9):69-72. doi:10.3787/j.issn. 1000-0976.2011.09.012
[14]赵金洲,彭瑀,李勇明,等.基于双层非稳态导热过程的井筒温度场半解析模型[J].天然气工业,2016,36(1):68-75. doi:10.3787/j.issn.2016.01.008ZHAO Jinzhou, PENG Yu, LI Yongming, et al. A semianalytic model of wellbore temperature field based on double-layer unsteady heat conducting process[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2016, 36(1):68-75. doi:10.3787/j.issn.-2016.01.008
[15]卢德唐,曾亿山,郭永存.多层地层中的井筒及地层温度解析解[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2002,17(3):382-390.LU Detang, ZENG Yishan, GUO Yongcun. Analytical solution of temperature in wellbore and formation in multilayer[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics(Ser. A), 2002, 17(3):382-390.
[16]姚传进,雷光伦,蒋宝云,等.高凝油井筒温度场计算及流态转变分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2011.33(3):42-46. doi:10.3969/j.issn. 1000-7393.2011.03.012YAO Chuanjin,LEI Guanglun,JIANG Baoyun,et al.Wellbore-temperature distribution calculation and of flow pattern changing analysis in high pour-point oil wells[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2011,33(3):42-16. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2011.03.012
[17]宋洵成,管志川.深水钻井井筒全瞬态传热特征[J]石油学报,2011.32.(4):70.4-708.SONG Xuncheng, GUAN Zhichuan. Full transient analysis of heat transfer during drilling fluid circulation in deep water wells[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011.32(4):704-708.
[18] KABIR C S, HASAN A R. Determining circulating fluid temperature in drilling, workover and well-control operations[C]. SPE 24581-PA. 1996. doi:10.2118/24581-PA
[19]王宁,孙宝江,王志远.井筒温度场解析求解的边界条件处理方法[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2015,30(3):279-283. doi:10.16076/j.cnki.cjhd.2015.03.007WANG Ning, SUN Baojiang, WANG Zhiyuan. Boundary condition handling for analytic solution of wellbore temperature field[J]. Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2015.30(3):279-283. doi:10.16076/j.cnki.cjhd.2015.03.-007
[20]唐述凯,李明忠,刘陈伟,等.闭式热流体循环井筒温度分布规律研究[J]石油钻探技术,2014, 42(5):104-108. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201405019TANG Shukai, LI Mingzhong, LIU Chenwei, et al. Temperature distribution in closed wellbore with hot fluid circulation[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2014, 42(5):104-108. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201405019
[21]邓文.井筒温度场在电加热井中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2012, 12(26):6782—6786.DENG Wen. The application of wellbore temperature distribution in the electric heating well[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2012, 12(26):6782-6786.
[22]陈德春,李昂,高莉,等.潜油电泵井油套环空泵上掺稀油井筒流体温度模型[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(5):591-594.CHEN Dechun, LI Ang, GAO Li, et al. Wellbore fluid temperature model for blending light hydrocarbon above pump in tubing-casing annular space in ESP wells[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2013, 34(5):591-594.
[23]刘广天,单学军.稠油热采井井筒温度模型研究及应用[J].科学技术与工程,2014, 14(22):189-192. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2014.22.036LIU Guangtian,SHAN Xuejun. Wellbore tenperature model study and application in heavy oil thermal recovery well[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2014,14(22):189-192. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2014.22.-036
[24]周赵川,王辉,代向辉,等.海上采油井筒温度计算及隔热管柱优化设计[J].石油机械,2014, 42(4):43-48.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4578.2014.04.011ZHOU Zhaochuan, WANG Hui, DAI Xianghui, et al. calculation of offshore oil production wellbore temperature and optimal design of heat-proof string[J]. China Petroleum Machinery; 2014.42(4):43-48. doi:10.3969/j.issn.-1001-4578.2014.04.011
[25]何世明,何平,尹成,等.井下循环温度模型及其敏感性分析[J].西南石油学院学报,2002.24(1):57-60.HE Shiming, HE Ping, YIN Cheng, et al. A wellbore temperature model&its'parametric sensitivity analysis[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute, 2002, 24(1):57-60.