基于隧道沥青路面温拌施工工艺产生沥青烟尘综合评价试验研究
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摘要
为了实现对隧道内沥青路面温拌施工抑烟效果的综合评价,依托广东省汕昆高速高速公路龙川至连平段的粗石山特长隧道沥青路面铺装工程,比较了热拌与温拌施工工况下的隧道内沥青烟质量浓度、沥青烟有效成分和毒性及现场能见度,以综合评价隧道沥青路面温拌施工的抑烟效果。结果表明,3种试验检测方法切实可行,隧道内沥青路面温拌施工的抑烟效果显著。
This paper is aimed at making a comprehensive evaluation of the smoke suppression effect of the tunnel asphalt warmmixed pavement construction by comparing the quantitative indicators,including the asphalt smoke concentration rate,the effective components and the asphalt smoke toxicity degree,in addition to the field visibility under the status of the higher temperature mixing technology( higher temperature mixed) and the lower warm temperature mixing technology for the asphalt pavement construction project of Cushishan mountaneous long tunnel in the highway from Longchuan to Lianpin( both in Guangdong Province),an important section of Shantou-to-Kunming highway. The testing results of our research show that the average concentration rate of the asphalt smoke likely to be given out as the result of the application of the heat mixing technology tends to be over 100 mg/m~3,whereas the average concentration rate of the asphalt smoke with the warm mixture technology can only be less than 30 mg/m~3,that is,merely about 70% of the higher temperature mixing technology. What is more,the technology has also helped to reduce the components of the asphalt as a result of the warm mixing technology application along with the reduction of the toxicity. Statistically speaking,the 12 kinds of effective components of the asphalt smoke that can be brought about by the higher temperature mixing technology can be cut down to the 4 kinds of effective components of the asphalt smoke brought about merely by the warm mixture. Nevertheless,it would be easy for the asphalt smoke produced by the higher temperature mixture to lead to some human nervous diseases and the regenerated systems,for example,the carcinogenic and teratogenic sicknesses. But,in contrast,the smoke produced by the warmer mixing technology is likely to bring about a short-term irritation in the human eyes and the skin surface. Besides,the average field visibility under the higher heated mixing technology can be restricted to less than0. 075 km,whilst under the lower temperature,the warm mixing technology can help to reduce to just about 0. 27 km,that is,almost3 times as much as that of the field visibility under the higher temperature mixing technology. Thus,it can be concluded that the above 3 testing methods can all be made feasible and adaptable to heighten the smoke-suppression effects under the lower warm mixing technology. Hence,the testing results we have gained can help to provide a certain technical reference for further promotion of the tunnel warm-mixed asphalt pavement construction.
This paper is aimed at making a comprehensive evaluation of the smoke suppression effect of the tunnel asphalt warmmixed pavement construction by comparing the quantitative indicators,including the asphalt smoke concentration rate,the effective components and the asphalt smoke toxicity degree,in addition to the field visibility under the status of the higher temperature mixing technology( higher temperature mixed) and the lower warm temperature mixing technology for the asphalt pavement construction project of Cushishan mountaneous long tunnel in the highway from Longchuan to Lianpin( both in Guangdong Province),an important section of Shantou-to-Kunming highway. The testing results of our research show that the average concentration rate of the asphalt smoke likely to be given out as the result of the application of the heat mixing technology tends to be over 100 mg/m~3,whereas the average concentration rate of the asphalt smoke with the warm mixture technology can only be less than 30 mg/m~3,that is,merely about 70% of the higher temperature mixing technology. What is more,the technology has also helped to reduce the components of the asphalt as a result of the warm mixing technology application along with the reduction of the toxicity. Statistically speaking,the 12 kinds of effective components of the asphalt smoke that can be brought about by the higher temperature mixing technology can be cut down to the 4 kinds of effective components of the asphalt smoke brought about merely by the warm mixture. Nevertheless,it would be easy for the asphalt smoke produced by the higher temperature mixture to lead to some human nervous diseases and the regenerated systems,for example,the carcinogenic and teratogenic sicknesses. But,in contrast,the smoke produced by the warmer mixing technology is likely to bring about a short-term irritation in the human eyes and the skin surface. Besides,the average field visibility under the higher heated mixing technology can be restricted to less than0. 075 km,whilst under the lower temperature,the warm mixing technology can help to reduce to just about 0. 27 km,that is,almost3 times as much as that of the field visibility under the higher temperature mixing technology. Thus,it can be concluded that the above 3 testing methods can all be made feasible and adaptable to heighten the smoke-suppression effects under the lower warm mixing technology. Hence,the testing results we have gained can help to provide a certain technical reference for further promotion of the tunnel warm-mixed asphalt pavement construction.
引文
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[15]CHENG Ling(程玲),YAN Guojie(闫国杰),CHEN Dezhen(陈德珍),et al.Quantitative investigation on energy conservation and emission reduction related to warm mix asphalt(WMA)[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2010,4(9):2151-2155.
[16]ZHANG Lina(张利娜),ZHANG Chaolin(张朝林),WANG Bizheng(王必正),et al.Evolution characteristics of atmospheric visibility in the Beijing expressway and the corresponding physical analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences(大气科学),2008,32(6):1229-1240.
[17]SHI Li,NIE Min,YANG Guang,et al.Effect of non-spherical atmospheric charged particles and atmospheric visibility on performance of satellite-ground quantum link and parameters simulation[J].The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications,2017,24(6):39-48.
[18]LI Lihan(李立寒),ZOU Xiaolong(邹晓龙),CHEN Chunyue(陈春月).Study on flame retardancy and smoke suppression and road performance of flame retardant asphalt mixture[J].Journal of Building Materials(建筑材料学报),2012,15(5):648-653.
[19]ZHOU Yike(周奕珂),ZHU Bin(朱彬),HAN Zhiwei(韩志伟),et al.Analysis of visibility characteristics and connecting factors over the Yangtze River Delta Region during winter time[J].China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2016,36(3):660-669.
[20]MA Shuqing(马舒庆),XU Zhenfei(徐振飞),MAO Jietai(毛节泰),et al.Experimental study on visibility reference standard with blackbody as target[J].Journal of Applied Meteorological Science(应用气象学报),2014,25(2):129-134.
[2]HARRISON T,CHRISTODULAKI L.Innovative processes in asphalt production and application:"strengthening asphalt's position in helping to build a better world"[J].International Journal of Gynecology&Obstetrics,2000,70(1):79.
[3]QIN Yongchun(秦永春),HUANG Songchang(黄颂昌),XU Jian(徐剑),et al.Test and analysis of energy saving and emission reduction effect of warm mix asphalt mixture[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development(公路交通科技),2009,26(8):33-37.
[4]TAN Kunhua(谭昆华),GAO Yunlong(高云龙).Analysis of energy saving and emission reduction effect of EC120 warm mix modified asphalt mixture[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway(中外公路),2015,35(2):258-260.
[5]MA Hao(马浩).Asphalt mixture performance and environmental effects of warm mix powder(温拌胶粉改性沥青混合料性能与环保功效研究)[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2017.
[6]QIN Xiantao,ZHU Siyue,CHEN Shuanfa,et al.The mechanism of flame and smoke retardancy of asphalt mortar containing composite flamenretardant material[J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,41(8):852-856.
[7]YU Jiang(于江),ZHANG Fei(张飞),WANG Kexin(王克新),et al.Research discussion and analysis of warm mix asphalt technology[J].Highway Engineering(公路工程),2015,40(2):80-82.
[8]HUANG Gang(黄刚),HE Zhaoyi(何兆益),HUANG Tao(黄涛).Laboratory measurement and analysis of effect factor on asphalt fume under the elevated temperature[J].Journal of Building Materials(建筑材料学报),2015,18(2):322-327.
[9]LI Hailing(李海玲),LIU Changhai(刘长海),HAO Wenli(郝文利),et al.Effect of bitumen fume exposure on the oxidative damage indicators in serum and brains tissue of mice[J].Occupation and Health(职业与健康),2013,29(18):2315-2316.
[10]LIU Yan,LI Haifang,ZHANG Jinghua,et al.Triacontyl modified silica gel as a sorbent for the preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous samples prior to gas chromatographicmass spectrometry determination[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2010,21(6):730-733.
[11]LIU Weijian,WANG Yilong,CHEN Yuanchen,et al.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air,surface soil and wheat grain near a large steel-smelting manufacturer in northern China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2017,57(7):93-103.
[12]ZWINK N,CHOINITZKI V,BAUDISH F,et al.Comparison of environmental risk factors for esophageal atresia,anorectal malformations,and the combined phenotype in 263 German families[J].Diseases of the Esophagus,2016,29(8):1032-1042.
[13]MU Xiyan,LI Chenglong,HUANG Ying,et al.Effects of two phthalate esters on zebrafish embryos[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(9):3566-3575.
[14]CAI Hongmei(才洪美),LI Zhaoxia(李朝霞),LI Jing(李静),et al.The influence of mixing conditions on the quantities of asphalt fumes[J].New Building Materials(新型建筑材料),2014,41(1):93-97.
[15]CHENG Ling(程玲),YAN Guojie(闫国杰),CHEN Dezhen(陈德珍),et al.Quantitative investigation on energy conservation and emission reduction related to warm mix asphalt(WMA)[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2010,4(9):2151-2155.
[16]ZHANG Lina(张利娜),ZHANG Chaolin(张朝林),WANG Bizheng(王必正),et al.Evolution characteristics of atmospheric visibility in the Beijing expressway and the corresponding physical analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences(大气科学),2008,32(6):1229-1240.
[17]SHI Li,NIE Min,YANG Guang,et al.Effect of non-spherical atmospheric charged particles and atmospheric visibility on performance of satellite-ground quantum link and parameters simulation[J].The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications,2017,24(6):39-48.
[18]LI Lihan(李立寒),ZOU Xiaolong(邹晓龙),CHEN Chunyue(陈春月).Study on flame retardancy and smoke suppression and road performance of flame retardant asphalt mixture[J].Journal of Building Materials(建筑材料学报),2012,15(5):648-653.
[19]ZHOU Yike(周奕珂),ZHU Bin(朱彬),HAN Zhiwei(韩志伟),et al.Analysis of visibility characteristics and connecting factors over the Yangtze River Delta Region during winter time[J].China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2016,36(3):660-669.
[20]MA Shuqing(马舒庆),XU Zhenfei(徐振飞),MAO Jietai(毛节泰),et al.Experimental study on visibility reference standard with blackbody as target[J].Journal of Applied Meteorological Science(应用气象学报),2014,25(2):129-134.