教育游戏化元素研究
|
摘要
对游戏的痴迷一直是教育工作者和家长棘手的问题,教育游戏化(Gamification in Education)正是利用游戏的元素和机制将这种痴迷积极引导到教育中。但游戏化兴起于商业领域,其在教育领域应用的理论依据还比较模糊;教育游戏化实践的核心——如何选择教育游戏化元素还缺乏指导。文章从体验式学习和相关理论的视角明确教育领域游戏化的理据,并根据教育的特点和学习者的体验对教育游戏化设计元素进行分类并提出游戏化元素的三层模型,以期更好的引导教育游戏化实践。
How to get rid of the addiction in games among teenagers has always been a hard nut to crack for educators and parents. Gamification in education employs game elements and mechanisms to channel this obsessive energy into education. Given that gamification flourishes in business circle, its application in education is not clearly educational theory-based, and lacks of guidance in practice. This paper incorporates Experiential Learning Theory and other related researches into gamification in education, and classifies gamification design elements in education into three types from a learner-centered perspective in hope of better guiding the practice in education gamification.
How to get rid of the addiction in games among teenagers has always been a hard nut to crack for educators and parents. Gamification in education employs game elements and mechanisms to channel this obsessive energy into education. Given that gamification flourishes in business circle, its application in education is not clearly educational theory-based, and lacks of guidance in practice. This paper incorporates Experiential Learning Theory and other related researches into gamification in education, and classifies gamification design elements in education into three types from a learner-centered perspective in hope of better guiding the practice in education gamification.
引文
[1]MCGONIGAL J.Reality is broken:Why games make us better and how they can change the world[M].Penguin,London,2011
[2]光明网.发布不足4周《Pokémon Go》下载量超1亿次[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)http://news.gmw.cn/2016-08/02/content_21272898.htm.
[3]腾讯网.中国青少年网络使用与保护调研报告[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=Mz A4OD A3MDMx Nw==&mid=401587660&idx=2&sn=18608af8ff2f5b6472a70c1f7059d55b&scene=4.
[4]DETERDING S,KHALED R,NACKE L E,et al.Gamification:Toward a Definition[A].Gamification Workshop Proceedings[C].Vancouver:CHI,2011:1-4.
[5]BUNCHBALL INC.Gamification 101:An introduction to the use of game dynamics to influence behavior[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)http://www.bunchball.com/resources/whitepapers.
[6]Badgeville.Game_Mechanics[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)https://badgeville.com/wiki/Game_Mechanics.
[7]凯文·韦巴赫,丹·亨特.游戏化思维——改变未来商业的新力量[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,2014:92-93.
[8]石晋阳,陈刚.教育游戏化的概念及应用图景探析[J].软件导刊:教育技术,2016(8):91-93.
[9]唐丽洁.国内十年游戏化学习研究现状与分析[J].中国教育信息化,2015(5):23-25.
[10]李晓雯,马红亮.基于转变式玩耍理论的“教学设计”游戏化学习单元的设计与开发[J].电化教育研究,2012(7):102-108.
[11]HUOTARI K,HAMARI J.Defining gamification:A service marketing perspective[C].Proceeding of the 16th International Academic Mind Trek Conference.ACM,2012:17-22.
[12]NICHOLSON S.A user-centered theoretical framework for meaningful gamification[J].Games Learning Society,2012(8):1-7.
[13]KOLB A Y,KOLB D A.Learning styles and learning spaces:Enhancing experiential learning in higher education[J].Academy of Management Learning&Education,2005(4):193-212.
[14]KOLB D A.Experiential learning:Experience as the source of learning and development[M].New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,1984:211-213.
[15]KIRYAKOVA G,NADEZHDA A,LINA Y.Gamification in Education[C].Proceedings of 9th International Balkan Education and Science Conference,2014:38-42.
[16]DICHEVA D,CHRISTO D,GENNADY A,et al.Gamification in education:A Systematic Mapping Study[J].Journal of Educational Technology&Society,2015(7):75-88.
[17]LEARNING INDUSTRY.The top gamification statistics and facts for 2015 you need to know[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)https://elearningindustry.com/top-gamification-statistics-andfacts-for-2015.
[18]董凌轩.面向信息素养教育的游戏化设计要素研究[D].南京:南京大学,2015:45-47.
[19]刘铁柱.游戏思维优化教师网络培训——基于设计的研究[D].金华:浙江师范大学,2014:39-41.
[20]尚俊杰,庄绍勇,李芳乐,等.游戏化学习行为特征之个案研究及其对教育游戏设计的启示[J].中国电化教育,2008(2):65-71.
[21]DECI E L,KOESTNER R,RYAN R M.Extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation in education:Reconsidered once again[J].Review of Educational Research,2001,71(1):1-27.
[22]THOM J,MILLEN D,DIMICCO J.Removing gamification from an enterprise SNS[C].Proceedings of the ACM 2012Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work,ACM,2012:1067-1070.
[23]OLSSON M,PETER M,JONAS C.Visualization and Gamification of e-Learning and Programming Education[J].Electronic Journal of e-Learning,2015(6):441-454.
[2]光明网.发布不足4周《Pokémon Go》下载量超1亿次[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)http://news.gmw.cn/2016-08/02/content_21272898.htm.
[3]腾讯网.中国青少年网络使用与保护调研报告[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=Mz A4OD A3MDMx Nw==&mid=401587660&idx=2&sn=18608af8ff2f5b6472a70c1f7059d55b&scene=4.
[4]DETERDING S,KHALED R,NACKE L E,et al.Gamification:Toward a Definition[A].Gamification Workshop Proceedings[C].Vancouver:CHI,2011:1-4.
[5]BUNCHBALL INC.Gamification 101:An introduction to the use of game dynamics to influence behavior[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)http://www.bunchball.com/resources/whitepapers.
[6]Badgeville.Game_Mechanics[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)https://badgeville.com/wiki/Game_Mechanics.
[7]凯文·韦巴赫,丹·亨特.游戏化思维——改变未来商业的新力量[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,2014:92-93.
[8]石晋阳,陈刚.教育游戏化的概念及应用图景探析[J].软件导刊:教育技术,2016(8):91-93.
[9]唐丽洁.国内十年游戏化学习研究现状与分析[J].中国教育信息化,2015(5):23-25.
[10]李晓雯,马红亮.基于转变式玩耍理论的“教学设计”游戏化学习单元的设计与开发[J].电化教育研究,2012(7):102-108.
[11]HUOTARI K,HAMARI J.Defining gamification:A service marketing perspective[C].Proceeding of the 16th International Academic Mind Trek Conference.ACM,2012:17-22.
[12]NICHOLSON S.A user-centered theoretical framework for meaningful gamification[J].Games Learning Society,2012(8):1-7.
[13]KOLB A Y,KOLB D A.Learning styles and learning spaces:Enhancing experiential learning in higher education[J].Academy of Management Learning&Education,2005(4):193-212.
[14]KOLB D A.Experiential learning:Experience as the source of learning and development[M].New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,1984:211-213.
[15]KIRYAKOVA G,NADEZHDA A,LINA Y.Gamification in Education[C].Proceedings of 9th International Balkan Education and Science Conference,2014:38-42.
[16]DICHEVA D,CHRISTO D,GENNADY A,et al.Gamification in education:A Systematic Mapping Study[J].Journal of Educational Technology&Society,2015(7):75-88.
[17]LEARNING INDUSTRY.The top gamification statistics and facts for 2015 you need to know[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)https://elearningindustry.com/top-gamification-statistics-andfacts-for-2015.
[18]董凌轩.面向信息素养教育的游戏化设计要素研究[D].南京:南京大学,2015:45-47.
[19]刘铁柱.游戏思维优化教师网络培训——基于设计的研究[D].金华:浙江师范大学,2014:39-41.
[20]尚俊杰,庄绍勇,李芳乐,等.游戏化学习行为特征之个案研究及其对教育游戏设计的启示[J].中国电化教育,2008(2):65-71.
[21]DECI E L,KOESTNER R,RYAN R M.Extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation in education:Reconsidered once again[J].Review of Educational Research,2001,71(1):1-27.
[22]THOM J,MILLEN D,DIMICCO J.Removing gamification from an enterprise SNS[C].Proceedings of the ACM 2012Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work,ACM,2012:1067-1070.
[23]OLSSON M,PETER M,JONAS C.Visualization and Gamification of e-Learning and Programming Education[J].Electronic Journal of e-Learning,2015(6):441-454.