珠海市婴幼儿孤独症谱系障碍患病流行病学调查分析
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摘要
目的对珠海市婴幼儿孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患病流行病学进行调查分析。方法 2017年1—6月调查珠海市前山社区婴幼儿,采用分层随机抽样法,按城乡、经济文化水平进行分层,对所抽取社区或村镇2000例年龄1.5~3岁的儿童进行ASD流行病学调查。结果各年龄组现患率比较差异无统计学意义;在患病性别、地区、民族方面现患率方面比较差异均具有统计学意义;共97例确诊为ASD,其中包括52例婴幼儿孤独症,41例不典型孤独症,4例AS;97例确诊为ASD中包括孤独症49例、中度孤独症45例、严重孤独症3例。结论孤独症属于最常见儿童发育障碍性疾病,早期诊断与治疗对此类患儿预后影响重大,大多在2~5岁时干预矫治效果最理想。相关部门应高度重视这一特殊群体的健康需求,提升社会支持度与认可度,积极动员社会各界为孤独症儿童提供相应健康服务,同时加强生活技能指导与家庭教育训练,进一步提升患儿家庭生活质量,促进儿童身心健康,减轻社会及家庭负担。
Objective The epidemiological investigation and analysis of infant autism spectrum disorder( ASD) in Zhuhai city.Methods From January to June 2017,infants were investigated by means of stratified random sampling,according to urban and rural economic and cultural level in Zhuhai Qianshan Community.ASD epidemiological investigation was conducted on 2,000 children aged 1.5 to 3 years from the selected communities or villages.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence rate among all age groups; there was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence rates among the affected gender,region,and ethnicity.A total of 97 cases were diagnosed as ASD,including 52 cases of autism in infants,41 cases of atypical autism,4 cases of AS; 97 cases diagnosed as ASD,including 49 cases of autism,45 cases of moderate autism,3 cases of severe autism.Conclusion: Autism is the most common childhood developmental disorder disease.Early diagnosis and treatment have a significant impact on the prognosis of such children.Most interventions are best at the age of 2 to 5 years.Conclusion departments should attach great importance to the health needs of this special group,increase social support and recognition,actively mobilize all sectors of society to provide appropriate health services for autistic children,and strengthen life skills guidance and family education and training to further enhance the family life of children,promote children's physical and mental health,reduce social and family burdens.
Objective The epidemiological investigation and analysis of infant autism spectrum disorder( ASD) in Zhuhai city.Methods From January to June 2017,infants were investigated by means of stratified random sampling,according to urban and rural economic and cultural level in Zhuhai Qianshan Community.ASD epidemiological investigation was conducted on 2,000 children aged 1.5 to 3 years from the selected communities or villages.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence rate among all age groups; there was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence rates among the affected gender,region,and ethnicity.A total of 97 cases were diagnosed as ASD,including 52 cases of autism in infants,41 cases of atypical autism,4 cases of AS; 97 cases diagnosed as ASD,including 49 cases of autism,45 cases of moderate autism,3 cases of severe autism.Conclusion: Autism is the most common childhood developmental disorder disease.Early diagnosis and treatment have a significant impact on the prognosis of such children.Most interventions are best at the age of 2 to 5 years.Conclusion departments should attach great importance to the health needs of this special group,increase social support and recognition,actively mobilize all sectors of society to provide appropriate health services for autistic children,and strengthen life skills guidance and family education and training to further enhance the family life of children,promote children's physical and mental health,reduce social and family burdens.
引文
[1]王荣,何丹,耿家斌,等.年龄对孤独症谱系障碍患儿认知及行为特点影响的研究[J].检验医学与临床,2017,14(10):1418-1420.
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[3]陈强,黄丽霞,徐文娟,等.珠海市1.5~3岁孤独症谱系障碍患病率及危险因素研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2014,22(6):649-651.
[4]黄春,朱帝玲,章岚,等.儿童孤独症谱系障碍的早期筛查[J].实用医院临床杂志,2016,13(4):98-101.
[5]章丽丽,朱宗明,汤群峰,等.孤独症谱系障碍儿童杏仁核体积研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2015,30(21):3620-3622.
[6]连琼霞,邓红珠,游聪,等.胎龄、出生体重与孤独症谱系障碍的相关性研究[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2017,26(3):215
[7]DJ Campbell,F Shic,S Macari,et al.Gaze Response to Dyadic Bids at 2 Years Related to Outcomes at 3 Years in Autism Spectrum Disorders:A Subtyping Analysis[J].Journal of Autism&Developmental Disorders,2014,44(2):431.
[8]靳彦琴,姚梅玲,段桂琴,等.30个月龄前后孤独谱系障碍患儿治疗效果分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2015,30(13):2016-2018.
[9]苏贤.环境污染与孤独症谱系障碍关系的研究进展[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(4):387-389.
[10]Nichols CM,Ibaez LV,Foss-Feig JH,et al.Social smiling and its components in high-risk infant siblings without later ASD symptomatology[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2014,44(4):894-902.
[2]徐秀.孤独症婴幼儿早期介入丹佛干预模式[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2015,30(11):801-802.
[3]陈强,黄丽霞,徐文娟,等.珠海市1.5~3岁孤独症谱系障碍患病率及危险因素研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2014,22(6):649-651.
[4]黄春,朱帝玲,章岚,等.儿童孤独症谱系障碍的早期筛查[J].实用医院临床杂志,2016,13(4):98-101.
[5]章丽丽,朱宗明,汤群峰,等.孤独症谱系障碍儿童杏仁核体积研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2015,30(21):3620-3622.
[6]连琼霞,邓红珠,游聪,等.胎龄、出生体重与孤独症谱系障碍的相关性研究[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2017,26(3):215
[7]DJ Campbell,F Shic,S Macari,et al.Gaze Response to Dyadic Bids at 2 Years Related to Outcomes at 3 Years in Autism Spectrum Disorders:A Subtyping Analysis[J].Journal of Autism&Developmental Disorders,2014,44(2):431.
[8]靳彦琴,姚梅玲,段桂琴,等.30个月龄前后孤独谱系障碍患儿治疗效果分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2015,30(13):2016-2018.
[9]苏贤.环境污染与孤独症谱系障碍关系的研究进展[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(4):387-389.
[10]Nichols CM,Ibaez LV,Foss-Feig JH,et al.Social smiling and its components in high-risk infant siblings without later ASD symptomatology[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2014,44(4):894-902.